Articles | Volume 13, issue 9
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-1153-2017
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-1153-2017
Research article
 | 
11 Sep 2017
Research article |  | 11 Sep 2017

Highly variable Pliocene sea surface conditions in the Norwegian Sea

Paul E. Bachem, Bjørg Risebrobakken, Stijn De Schepper, and Erin L. McClymont

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Subject: Proxy Use-Development-Validation | Archive: Marine Archives | Timescale: Cenozoic
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Cited articles

Andruleit, H. A.: Coccolithophore fluxes in the Norwegian-Greenland Sea: Seasonality and assemblage alterations, Mar. Micropaleontol., 31, 45–64, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-8398(96)00055-2, 1997.
Bachem, P. E., Risebrobakken, B., and McClymont, E. L.: Sea surface temperature variability in the Norwegian Sea during the late Pliocene linked to subpolar gyre strength and radiative forcing, Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 446, 113–122, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2016.04.024, 2016a.
Bachem, P. E., Risebrobakken, B., De Schepper, S., and McClymont, E. L.: Ice rafted debris, tetra-unsaturated alkenone and reconstructed sea surface temperature in sediment of ODP Hole 104-642B, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.865217, 2016b.
Bartoli, G., Sarnthein, M., Weinelt, M., Erlenkeuser, H., Garbe-Schönberg, D., and Lea, D. W.: Final closure of Panama and the onset of northern hemisphere glaciation, Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 237, 33–44, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2005.06.020, 2005.
Bartoli, G., Hönisch, B., and Zeebe, R. E.: Atmospheric CO2 decline during the Pliocene intensification of Northern Hemisphere glaciations, Paleoceanography, 26, PA4213, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010PA002055, 2011.
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Short summary
We present a high-resolution multi-proxy study of the Norwegian Sea, covering the 5.33 to 3.14 Ma time window within the Pliocene. We show that large-scale climate transitions took place during this warmer than modern time, most likely in response to ocean gateway transformations. Strong warming at 4.0 Ma in the Norwegian Sea, when regions closer to Greenland cooled, indicate that increased northward ocean heat transport may be compatible with expanding glaciation and Arctic sea ice growth.