Articles | Volume 17, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2223-2021
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2223-2021
Research article
 | 
21 Oct 2021
Research article |  | 21 Oct 2021

Data-constrained assessment of ocean circulation changes since the middle Miocene in an Earth system model

Katherine A. Crichton, Andy Ridgwell, Daniel J. Lunt, Alex Farnsworth, and Paul N. Pearson

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Cited articles

Abelson, M. and Erez, J.: The onset of modern-like Atlantic meridional overturning circulation at the Eocene-Oligocene transition: Evidence, causes, and possible implications for global cooling, Geochem. Geophy. Geosy., 18, 2177–2199, 2017. 
Argentino, C., Conti, S., Fioroni, C., and Fontana, D.: Evidences for Paleo-Gas Hydrate Occurrence: What We Can Infer for the Miocene of the Northern Apennines (Italy), Geosciences, 9, 134, https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9030134, 2019. 
Badger, M. P., Lear, C. H., Pancost, R. D., Foster, G. L., Bailey, T. R., Leng, M. J., and Abels, H. A.: CO2 drawdown following the middle Miocene expansion of the Antarctic Ice Sheet, Paleoceanography, 28, 42–53, https://doi.org/10.1002/palo.20015, 2013. 
Bell, D. B., Jung, S. J., Kroon, D., Hodell, D. A., Lourens, L. J., and Raymo, M. E.: Atlantic deep-water response to the early Pliocene shoaling of the Central American Seaway, Sci. Rep., UK, 5, 12252, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep12252, 2015. 
Bialik, O. M., Frank, M., Betzler, C., Zammit, R., and Waldmann, N. D.: Two-step closure of the Miocene Indian Ocean Gateway to the Mediterranean, Sci. Rep., 9, 8842, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-45308-7, 2019. 
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Short summary
The middle Miocene (15 Ma) was a period of global warmth up to 8 °C warmer than present. We investigate changes in ocean circulation and heat distribution since the middle Miocene and the cooling to the present using the cGENIE Earth system model. We create seven time slices at ~2.5 Myr intervals, constrained with paleo-proxy data, showing a progressive reduction in atmospheric CO2 and a strengthening of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation.