Articles | Volume 16, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-2401-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-2401-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Evaluation of oxygen isotopes and trace elements in planktonic foraminifera from the Mediterranean Sea as recorders of seawater oxygen isotopes and salinity
Department of Ocean Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, and Utrecht University, Texel, the Netherlands
Lennart de Nooijer
Department of Ocean Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, and Utrecht University, Texel, the Netherlands
Erik van Sebille
Department of Physics, Institute for Marine and Atmospheric research Utrecht (IMAU), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Jan G. Haak
Department of Ocean Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, and Utrecht University, Texel, the Netherlands
Gert-Jan Reichart
Department of Ocean Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, and Utrecht University, Texel, the Netherlands
Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht
University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Related authors
No articles found.
Yannick F. Bats, Klaas G. J. Nierop, Alice Stuart-Lee, Joost Frieling, Linda van Roij, Gert-Jan Reichart, and Appy Sluijs
Biogeosciences, 22, 4689–4704, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-4689-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-4689-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we analyzed the molecular and stable carbon isotopic composition (δ13C) of pollen and spores (sporomorphs) that underwent chemical treatments that simulate diagenesis during fossilization. We show that the successive removal of sugars and lipids results in the depletion of 13C in the residual sporomorph, leaving rich aromatic compounds. This residual aromatic-rich structure likely represents diagenetically resistant sporopollenin, implying that diagenesis results in the depletion of 13C in pollen.
Evert de Froe, Christian Mohn, Karline Soetaert, Anna-Selma van der Kaaden, Gert-Jan Reichart, Laurence H. De Clippele, Sandra R. Maier, and Dick van Oevelen
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-3385, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-3385, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Ocean Science (OS).
Short summary
Short summary
Cold-water corals are important reef-building animals in the deep sea, and are found all over the world. So far, researchers have been mapping and predicting where cold-water corals can be found using video transects and statistics. This study provides the first process-based model in which corals are predicted based on ocean currents and food particle movement. The renewal of food by tidal currents close to the seafloor and corals proved essential in predicting where they can grow or not.
Jimena Medina-Rubio, Madlene Nussbaum, Ton S. van den Bremer, and Erik van Sebille
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-3287, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-3287, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Ocean Science (OS).
Short summary
Short summary
We tracked the paths of novel, ultra-thin ocean drifters in the southern North Sea for over two months. By analysing their motion alongside environmental data, we identified how tides, wind, and waves each influence their movement. Using machine learning, we improved trajectory predictions, offering new insights into surface transport in coastal seas.
Erik van Sebille, Celine Weel, Rens Vliegenthart, and Mark Bos
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-3131, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-3131, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Geoscience Communication (GC).
Short summary
Short summary
Many climate scientists intuitively fear their credibility decreases when they engage in advocacy. We find that the opposite is the case. By surveying almost 1,000 Dutch adults, we found that the credibility of a fictional climate scientists who wrote an article about the greening of gardens was higher when that text included advocacy statements, compared to when it was 'neutral'. This is because personalization increases the goodwill of readers for the academic who writes a text.
Anna Cutmore, Nicole Bale, Rick Hennekam, Bingjie Yang, Darci Rush, Gert-Jan Reichart, Ellen C. Hopmans, and Stefan Schouten
Clim. Past, 21, 957–971, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-957-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-957-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
As human activities lower marine oxygen levels, understanding the impact on the marine nitrogen cycle is vital. The Black Sea, which became oxygen-deprived 9600 years ago, offers key insights. By studying organic compounds linked to nitrogen cycle processes, we found that, 7200 years ago, the Black Sea's nitrogen cycle significantly altered due to severe deoxygenation. This suggests that continued marine oxygen decline could similarly alter the marine nitrogen cycle, affecting vital ecosystems.
Aike Vonk, Mark Bos, and Erik van Sebille
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2216, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2216, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Research institutes communicate scientific findings through press releases, which journalists use to write news articles. We examined how journalists use content from press releases about ocean plastic research. Our findings show that they closely follow the press releases story, primarily quoting involved scientists without seeking external perspectives. Causing the focus to stay on researchers, personalizing science rather than addressing the broader societal dimensions of plastic pollution.
Vesna Bertoncelj, Furu Mienis, Paolo Stocchi, and Erik van Sebille
Ocean Sci., 21, 945–964, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-21-945-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-21-945-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study explores ocean currents around Curaçao and how land-derived substances like pollutants and nutrients travel in the water. Most substances move northwest, following the main current, but at times, ocean eddies spread them in other directions. This movement may link polluted areas to pristine coral reefs, impacting marine ecosystems. Understanding these patterns helps inform conservation and pollution management around Curaçao.
Peter Kraal, Kristin A. Ungerhofer, Darci Rush, and Gert-Jan Reichart
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1870, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1870, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Biogeosciences (BG).
Short summary
Short summary
Element cycles in oxygen-depleted areas such as upwelling areas inform future deoxygenation scenarios. The Benguela upwelling system shows strong decoupling of nitrogen and phosphorus cycling due to seasonal shelf anoxia. Anaerobic processes result in pelagic nitrogen loss as N2. At the same time, sediments are rich in fish-derived and bacterial phosphorus, with high fluxes of excess phosphate, altering deep-water nitrogen:phosphorus ratios. Such alterations can affect ocean functioning.
Szabina Karancz, Lennart J. de Nooijer, Bas van der Wagt, Marcel T. J. van der Meer, Sambuddha Misra, Rick Hennekam, Zeynep Erdem, Julie Lattaud, Negar Haghipour, Stefan Schouten, and Gert-Jan Reichart
Clim. Past, 21, 679–704, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-679-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-679-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Changes in upwelling intensity of the Benguela upwelling region during the last glacial motivated us to investigate the local CO2 history during the last glacial-to-interglacial transition. Using various geochemical tracers on archives from both subsurface and surface waters reveals enhanced storage of carbon at depth during the Last Glacial Maximum. An efficient biological pump likely prevented outgassing of CO2 from intermediate depth to the atmosphere.
Nieske Vergunst, Tugce Varol, and Erik van Sebille
Geosci. Commun., 8, 67–80, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-8-67-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-8-67-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We developed and evaluated a board game about sea level rise to engage young adults. We found that the game positively influenced participants' perceptions of their impact on sea level rise, regardless of their prior familiarity with science. This study suggests that interactive and relatable activities can effectively engage audiences on climate issues, highlighting the potential for similar approaches in public science communication.
Mark V. Elbertsen, Erik van Sebille, and Peter K. Bijl
Clim. Past, 21, 441–464, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-441-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-441-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This work verifies the remarkable finds of late Eocene Antarctic-sourced iceberg-rafted debris on the South Orkney Microcontinent. We find that these icebergs must have been on the larger end of the size scale compared to today’s icebergs due to faster melting in the warmer Eocene climate. The study was performed using a high-resolution model in which individual icebergs were followed through time.
Siren Rühs, Ton van den Bremer, Emanuela Clementi, Michael C. Denes, Aimie Moulin, and Erik van Sebille
Ocean Sci., 21, 217–240, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-21-217-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-21-217-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Simulating the transport of floating particles on the ocean surface is crucial for solving many societal issues. Here, we investigate how the representation of wind-generated surface waves impacts particle transport simulations. We find that different wave-driven processes can alter transport patterns and that commonly adopted approximations are not always adequate. This suggests that ideally coupled ocean–wave models should be used for surface particle transport simulations.
Claudio M. Pierard, Siren Rühs, Laura Gómez-Navarro, Michael C. Denes, Florian Meirer, Thierry Penduff, and Erik van Sebille
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3847, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3847, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Particle-tracking simulations compute how ocean currents transport material. However, initialising these simulations is often ad-hoc. Here, we explore how two different strategies (releasing particles over space or over time) compare. Specifically, we compare the variability in particle trajectories to the variability of particles computed in a 50-member ensemble simulation. We find that releasing the particles over 20 weeks gives variability that is most like that in the ensemble.
Devika Varma, Laura Villanueva, Nicole J. Bale, Pierre Offre, Gert-Jan Reichart, and Stefan Schouten
Biogeosciences, 21, 4875–4888, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4875-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4875-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Archaeal hydroxylated tetraether lipids are increasingly used as temperature indicators in marine settings, but the factors influencing their distribution are still unclear. Analyzing membrane lipids of two thaumarchaeotal strains showed that the growth phase of the cultures does not affect the lipid distribution, but growth temperature profoundly affects the degree of cyclization of these lipids. Also, the abundance of these lipids is species-specific and is not influenced by temperature.
Louise Delaigue, Gert-Jan Reichart, Chris Galley, Yasmina Ourradi, and Matthew Paul Humphreys
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2853, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2853, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Our study analyzed pH in ocean surface waters to understand how they fluctuate with changes in temperature, salinity, and biological activities. We found that temperature mainly controls daily pH variations, but biological processes also play a role, especially in affecting CO2 levels between the ocean and atmosphere. Our research shows how these factors together maintain the balance of ocean chemistry, which is crucial for predicting changes in marine environments.
Charlotte Eich, Mathijs van Manen, J. Scott P. McCain, Loay J. Jabre, Willem H. van de Poll, Jinyoung Jung, Sven B. E. H. Pont, Hung-An Tian, Indah Ardiningsih, Gert-Jan Reichart, Erin M. Bertrand, Corina P. D. Brussaard, and Rob Middag
Biogeosciences, 21, 4637–4663, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4637-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4637-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Phytoplankton growth in the Southern Ocean (SO) is often limited by low iron (Fe) concentrations. Sea surface warming impacts Fe availability and can affect phytoplankton growth. We used shipboard Fe clean incubations to test how changes in Fe and temperature affect SO phytoplankton. Their abundances usually increased with Fe addition and temperature increase, with Fe being the major factor. These findings imply potential shifts in ecosystem structure, impacting food webs and elemental cycling.
Guangnan Wu, Klaas G. J. Nierop, Bingjie Yang, Stefan Schouten, Gert-Jan Reichart, and Peter Kraal
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3192, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3192, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Estuaries store and process large amounts of carbon, making them vital to the global carbon cycle. In the Port of Rotterdam, we studied the source of organic matter (OM) in sediments and how it influences OM breakdown. We found that marine OM degrades faster than land OM, and human activities like dredging can accelerate this by exposing sediments to oxygen. Our findings highlight the impact of human activities on carbon storage in estuaries, which is key for managing estuarine carbon dynamics.
Anna Leerink, Mark Bos, Daan Reijnders, and Erik van Sebille
Geosci. Commun., 7, 201–214, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-7-201-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-7-201-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Climate scientists who communicate to a broad audience may be reluctant to write in a more personal style, as they assume that it hurts their credibility. To test this assumption, we asked 100 Dutch people to rate the credibility of a climate scientist. We varied how the author of the article addressed the reader and found that the degree of personalization did not have a measurable impact on the credibility of the author. Thus, we conclude that personalization may not hurt credibility.
Frances Wijnen, Madelijn Strick, Mark Bos, and Erik van Sebille
Geosci. Commun., 7, 91–100, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-7-91-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-7-91-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Climate scientists are urged to communicate climate science; there is very little evidence about what types of communication work well for which audiences. We have performed a systematic literature review to analyze what is known about the efficacy of climate communication by scientists. While we have found more than 60 articles in the last 10 years about climate communication activities by scientists, only 7 of these included some form of evaluation of the impact of the activity.
Philippe F. V. W. Frankemölle, Peter D. Nooteboom, Joe Scutt Phillips, Lauriane Escalle, Simon Nicol, and Erik van Sebille
Ocean Sci., 20, 31–41, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-20-31-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-20-31-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Tuna fisheries in the Pacific often use drifting fish aggregating devices (dFADs) to attract fish that are advected by subsurface flow through underwater appendages. Using a particle advection model, we find that virtual particles advected by surface flow are displaced farther than virtual dFADs. We find a relation between El Niño–Southern Oscillation and circular motion in some areas, influencing dFAD densities. This information helps us to understand processes that drive dFAD distribution.
Joost Frieling, Linda van Roij, Iris Kleij, Gert-Jan Reichart, and Appy Sluijs
Biogeosciences, 20, 4651–4668, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4651-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4651-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We present a first species-specific evaluation of marine core-top dinoflagellate cyst carbon isotope fractionation (εp) to assess natural pCO2 dependency on εp and explore its geological deep-time paleo-pCO2 proxy potential. We find that εp differs between genera and species and that in Operculodinium centrocarpum, εp is controlled by pCO2 and nutrients. Our results highlight the added value of δ13C analyses of individual micrometer-scale sedimentary organic carbon particles.
Laura Pacho, Lennart de Nooijer, and Gert-Jan Reichart
Biogeosciences, 20, 4043–4056, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4043-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4043-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We analyzed Mg / Ca and other El / Ca (Na / Ca, B / Ca, Sr / Ca and Ba / Ca) in Nodosariata. Their calcite chemistry is markedly different to that of the other calcifying orders of foraminifera. We show a relation between the species average Mg / Ca and its sensitivity to changes in temperature. Differences were reflected in both the Mg incorporation and the sensitivities of Mg / Ca to temperature.
Tor Nordam, Ruben Kristiansen, Raymond Nepstad, Erik van Sebille, and Andy M. Booth
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 5339–5363, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-5339-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-5339-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We describe and compare two common methods, Eulerian and Lagrangian models, used to simulate the vertical transport of material in the ocean. They both solve the same transport problems but use different approaches for representing the underlying equations on the computer. The main focus of our study is on the numerical accuracy of the two approaches. Our results should be useful for other researchers creating or using these types of transport models.
Niels J. de Winter, Daniel Killam, Lukas Fröhlich, Lennart de Nooijer, Wim Boer, Bernd R. Schöne, Julien Thébault, and Gert-Jan Reichart
Biogeosciences, 20, 3027–3052, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3027-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3027-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Mollusk shells are valuable recorders of climate and environmental changes of the past down to a daily resolution. To explore this potential, we measured changes in the composition of shells of two types of bivalves recorded at the hourly scale: the king scallop Pecten maximus and giant clams (Tridacna) that engaged in photosymbiosis. We find that photosymbiosis produces more day–night fluctuation in shell chemistry but that most of the variation is not periodic, perhaps recording weather.
Rick Hennekam, Katharine M. Grant, Eelco J. Rohling, Rik Tjallingii, David Heslop, Andrew P. Roberts, Lucas J. Lourens, and Gert-Jan Reichart
Clim. Past, 18, 2509–2521, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-2509-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-2509-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The ratio of titanium to aluminum (Ti/Al) is an established way to reconstruct North African climate in eastern Mediterranean Sea sediments. We demonstrate here how to obtain reliable Ti/Al data using an efficient scanning method that allows rapid acquisition of long climate records at low expense. Using this method, we reconstruct a 3-million-year North African climate record. African environmental variability was paced predominantly by low-latitude insolation from 3–1.2 million years ago.
Stefanie L. Ypma, Quinten Bohte, Alexander Forryan, Alberto C. Naveira Garabato, Andy Donnelly, and Erik van Sebille
Ocean Sci., 18, 1477–1490, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-18-1477-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-18-1477-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In this research we aim to improve cleanup efforts on the Galapagos Islands of marine plastic debris when resources are limited and the distribution of the plastic on shorelines is unknown. Using a network that describes the flow of macroplastic between the islands we have identified the most efficient cleanup locations, quantified the impact of targeting these locations and showed that shorelines where the plastic is unlikely to leave are likely efficient cleanup locations.
Carolien M. H. van der Weijst, Koen J. van der Laan, Francien Peterse, Gert-Jan Reichart, Francesca Sangiorgi, Stefan Schouten, Tjerk J. T. Veenstra, and Appy Sluijs
Clim. Past, 18, 1947–1962, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1947-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1947-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The TEX86 proxy is often used by paleoceanographers to reconstruct past sea-surface temperatures. However, the origin of the TEX86 signal in marine sediments has been debated since the proxy was first proposed. In our paper, we show that TEX86 carries a mixed sea-surface and subsurface temperature signal and should be calibrated accordingly. Using our 15-million-year record, we subsequently show how a TEX86 subsurface temperature record can be used to inform us on past sea-surface temperatures.
Carolien M. H. van der Weijst, Josse Winkelhorst, Wesley de Nooijer, Anna von der Heydt, Gert-Jan Reichart, Francesca Sangiorgi, and Appy Sluijs
Clim. Past, 18, 961–973, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-961-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-961-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A hypothesized link between Pliocene (5.3–2.5 million years ago) global climate and tropical thermocline depth is currently only backed up by data from the Pacific Ocean. In our paper, we present temperature, salinity, and thermocline records from the tropical Atlantic Ocean. Surprisingly, the Pliocene thermocline evolution was remarkably different in the Atlantic and Pacific. We need to reevaluate the mechanisms that drive thermocline depth, and how these are tied to global climate change.
Reint Fischer, Delphine Lobelle, Merel Kooi, Albert Koelmans, Victor Onink, Charlotte Laufkötter, Linda Amaral-Zettler, Andrew Yool, and Erik van Sebille
Biogeosciences, 19, 2211–2234, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2211-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2211-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Since current estimates show that only about 1 % of the all plastic that enters the ocean is floating at the surface, we look at subsurface processes that can cause vertical movement of (micro)plastic. We investigate how modelled algal attachment and the ocean's vertical movement can cause particles to sink and oscillate in the open ocean. Particles can sink to depths of > 5000 m in regions with high wind intensity and mainly remain close to the surface with low winds and biological activity.
Victor Onink, Erik van Sebille, and Charlotte Laufkötter
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 1995–2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-1995-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-1995-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Turbulent mixing is a vital process in 3D modeling of particle transport in the ocean. However, since turbulence occurs on very short spatial scales and timescales, large-scale ocean models generally have highly simplified turbulence representations. We have developed parametrizations for the vertical turbulent transport of buoyant particles that can be easily applied in a large-scale particle tracking model. The predicted vertical concentration profiles match microplastic observations well.
Mikael L. A. Kaandorp, Stefanie L. Ypma, Marijke Boonstra, Henk A. Dijkstra, and Erik van Sebille
Ocean Sci., 18, 269–293, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-18-269-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-18-269-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A large amount of marine litter, such as plastics, is located on or around beaches. Both the total amount of this litter and its transport are poorly understood. We investigate this by training a machine learning model with data of cleanup efforts on Dutch beaches between 2014 and 2019, obtained by about 14 000 volunteers. We find that Dutch beaches contain up to 30 000 kg of litter, largely depending on tides, oceanic transport, and how exposed the beaches are.
Peter D. Nooteboom, Peter K. Bijl, Christian Kehl, Erik van Sebille, Martin Ziegler, Anna S. von der Heydt, and Henk A. Dijkstra
Earth Syst. Dynam., 13, 357–371, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-13-357-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-13-357-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Having descended through the water column, microplankton in ocean sediments represents the ocean surface environment and is used as an archive of past and present surface oceanographic conditions. However, this microplankton is advected by turbulent ocean currents during its sinking journey. We use simulations of sinking particles to define ocean bottom provinces and detect these provinces in datasets of sedimentary microplankton, which has implications for palaeoclimate reconstructions.
Alice E. Webb, Didier M. de Bakker, Karline Soetaert, Tamara da Costa, Steven M. A. C. van Heuven, Fleur C. van Duyl, Gert-Jan Reichart, and Lennart J. de Nooijer
Biogeosciences, 18, 6501–6516, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6501-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6501-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The biogeochemical behaviour of shallow reef communities is quantified to better understand the impact of habitat degradation and species composition shifts on reef functioning. The reef communities investigated barely support reef functions that are usually ascribed to conventional coral reefs, and the overall biogeochemical behaviour is found to be similar regardless of substrate type. This suggests a decrease in functional diversity which may therefore limit services provided by this reef.
Indah Ardiningsih, Kyyas Seyitmuhammedov, Sylvia G. Sander, Claudine H. Stirling, Gert-Jan Reichart, Kevin R. Arrigo, Loes J. A. Gerringa, and Rob Middag
Biogeosciences, 18, 4587–4601, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4587-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4587-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Organic Fe speciation is investigated along a natural gradient of the western Antarctic Peninsula from an ice-covered shelf to the open ocean. The two major fronts in the region affect the distribution of ligands. The excess ligands not bound to dissolved Fe (DFe) comprised up to 80 % of the total ligand concentrations, implying the potential to solubilize additional Fe input. The ligands on the shelf can increase the DFe residence time and fuel local primary production upon ice melt.
C. Kehl, R. P. B. Fischer, and E. van Sebille
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., V-4-2021, 217–224, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-V-4-2021-217-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-V-4-2021-217-2021, 2021
Ove H. Meisel, Joshua F. Dean, Jorien E. Vonk, Lukas Wacker, Gert-Jan Reichart, and Han Dolman
Biogeosciences, 18, 2241–2258, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2241-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2241-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Arctic permafrost lakes form thaw bulbs of unfrozen soil (taliks) beneath them where carbon degradation and greenhouse gas production are increased. We analyzed the stable carbon isotopes of Alaskan talik sediments and their porewater dissolved organic carbon and found that the top layers of these taliks are likely more actively degraded than the deeper layers. This in turn implies that these top layers are likely also more potent greenhouse gas producers than the underlying deeper layers.
Rebeca de la Fuente, Gábor Drótos, Emilio Hernández-García, Cristóbal López, and Erik van Sebille
Ocean Sci., 17, 431–453, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-17-431-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-17-431-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Plastic pollution is a major environmental issue affecting the oceans. The number of floating and sedimented pieces has been quantified by several studies. But their abundance in the water column remains mostly unknown. To fill this gap we model the dynamics of a particular type of particle, rigid microplastics sinking rapidly in open sea in the Mediterranean. We find they represent a small but appreciable fraction of the total sea plastic and discuss characteristics of their sinking motion.
Delphine Dissard, Gert Jan Reichart, Christophe Menkes, Morgan Mangeas, Stephan Frickenhaus, and Jelle Bijma
Biogeosciences, 18, 423–439, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-423-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-423-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Results from a data set acquired from living foraminifera T. sacculifer collected from surface waters are presented, allowing us to establish a new Mg/Ca–Sr/Ca–temperature equation improving temperature reconstructions. When combining equations, δ18Ow can be reconstructed with a precision of ± 0.5 ‰, while successive reconstructions involving Mg/Ca and δ18Oc preclude salinity reconstruction with a precision better than ± 1.69. A new direct linear fit to reconstruct salinity could be established.
David Wichmann, Christian Kehl, Henk A. Dijkstra, and Erik van Sebille
Nonlin. Processes Geophys., 28, 43–59, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-28-43-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-28-43-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Fluid parcels transported in complicated flows often contain subsets of particles that stay close over finite time intervals. We propose a new method for detecting finite-time coherent sets based on the density-based clustering technique of ordering points to identify the clustering structure (OPTICS). Unlike previous methods, our method has an intrinsic notion of coherent sets at different spatial scales. OPTICS is readily implemented in the SciPy sklearn package, making it easy to use.
Siham de Goeyse, Alice E. Webb, Gert-Jan Reichart, and Lennart J. de Nooijer
Biogeosciences, 18, 393–401, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-393-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-393-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Foraminifera are calcifying organisms that play a role in the marine inorganic-carbon cycle and are widely used to reconstruct paleoclimates. However, the fundamental process by which they calcify remains essentially unknown. Here we use inhibitors to show that an enzyme is speeding up the conversion between bicarbonate and CO2. This helps the foraminifera acquire sufficient carbon for calcification and might aid their tolerance to elevated CO2 level.
Chris S. M. Turney, Richard T. Jones, Nicholas P. McKay, Erik van Sebille, Zoë A. Thomas, Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, and Christopher J. Fogwill
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 12, 3341–3356, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-3341-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-3341-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The Last Interglacial (129–116 ka) experienced global temperatures and sea levels higher than today. The direct contribution of warmer conditions to global sea level (thermosteric) are uncertain. We report a global network of sea surface temperatures. We find mean global annual temperature anomalies of 0.2 ± 0.1˚C and an early maximum peak of 0.9 ± 0.1˚C. Our reconstruction suggests warmer waters contributed on average 0.08 ± 0.1 m and a peak contribution of 0.39 ± 0.1 m to global sea level.
David Wichmann, Christian Kehl, Henk A. Dijkstra, and Erik van Sebille
Nonlin. Processes Geophys., 27, 501–518, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-27-501-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-27-501-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The surface transport of heat, nutrients and plastic in the North Atlantic Ocean is organized into large-scale flow structures. We propose a new and simple method to detect such features in ocean drifter data sets by identifying groups of trajectories with similar dynamical behaviour using network theory. We successfully detect well-known regions such as the Subpolar and Subtropical gyres, the Western Boundary Current region and the Caribbean Sea.
Mirjam van der Mheen, Erik van Sebille, and Charitha Pattiaratchi
Ocean Sci., 16, 1317–1336, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-16-1317-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-16-1317-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
A large percentage of global ocean plastic enters the Indian Ocean through rivers, but the fate of these plastics is generally unknown. In this paper, we use computer simulations to show that floating plastics
beachand end up on coastlines throughout the Indian Ocean. Coastlines where a lot of plastic enters the ocean are heavily affected by beaching plastic, but plastics can also beach far from the source on remote islands and countries that contribute little plastic pollution of their own.
Anne Roepert, Lubos Polerecky, Esmee Geerken, Gert-Jan Reichart, and Jack J. Middelburg
Biogeosciences, 17, 4727–4743, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4727-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4727-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated, for the first time, the spatial distribution of chlorine and fluorine in the shell walls of four benthic foraminifera species: Ammonia tepida, Amphistegina lessonii, Archaias angulatus, and Sorites marginalis. Cross sections of specimens were imaged using nanoSIMS. The distribution of Cl and F was co-located with organics in the rotaliids and rather homogeneously distributed in miliolids. We suggest that the incorporation is governed by the biomineralization pathway.
Cited articles
Allen, K. A., Hönisch, B., Eggins, S. M., Haynes, L. L., Rosenthal, Y.,
and Yu, J.: Trace element proxies for surface ocean conditions: A synthesis
of culture calibrations with planktic foraminifera, Geochim. Cosmochim.
Ac., 193, 197–221, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.08.015, 2016.
Allison, N., Austin, H., Austin, W., and Paterson, D. M.: Effects of seawater
pH and calcification rate on test Mg ∕ Ca and Sr ∕ Ca in cultured individuals of
the benthic, calcitic foraminifera Elphidium williamsoni, Chem. Geol.,
289, 171–178, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.08.001, 2011.
Anand, P., Elderfield, H., and Conte, M. H.: Calibration of Mg ∕ Ca thermometry
in planktonic foraminifera from a sediment trap time series,
Paleoceanography, 18, 1050, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002PA000846, 2003.
Aurahs, R., Treis, Y., Darling, K., and Kucera, M.: A revised taxonomic and
phylogenetic concept for the planktonic foraminifer species Globigerinoides
ruber based on molecular and morphometric evidence, Mar. Micropaleontol.,
79, 1–14, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2010.12.001, 2011.
Avnaim-Katav, S., Herut, B., Rahav, E., Katz, T., Weinstein, Y., Alkalay, R., Berman-Frank, I., Zlatkin, O., and Almogi-Labin, A.: Sediment trap and
deep sea coretop sediments as tracers of recent changes in planktonic
foraminifera assemblages in the southeastern ultra-oligotrophic Levantine
Basin, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 171, 104669,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2019.104669, 2020.
Babila, T. L., Rosenthal, Y., and Conte, M. H.: Evaluation of the
biogeochemical controls on B ∕ Ca of Globigerinoides ruber white from the
Oceanic Flux Program, Bermuda, Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 404, 67–76,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2014.05.053, 2014.
Bahr, A., Schönfeld, J., Hoffmann, J., Voigt, S., Aurahs, R., Kucera, M., Flögel, S., Jentzen, A., and Gerdes, A.: Comparison of Ba/Ca and δ18Owater as freshwater proxies: A multi-species core-top study on planktonic foraminifera from the vicinity of the Orinoco River mouth, Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 383, 45–57, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.09.036, 2013.
Bárcena, M. A., Flores, J. A., Sierro, F. J., Pérez-Folgado, M., Fabres, J., Calafat, A., and Canals, M.: Planktonic response to main oceanographic changes in the Alboran Sea (Western Mediterranean) as documented in sediment traps and surface sediments, Mar. Micropaleontol., 53, 423–445, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2004.09.009, 2004.
Bertlich, J., Nürnberg, D., Hathorne, E. C., de Nooijer, L. J., Mezger, E. M.,
Kienast, M., Nordhausen, S., Reichart, G.-J., Schönfeld, J., and Bijma, J.:
Salinity control on Na incorporation into calcite tests of the planktonic
foraminifera Trilobatus sacculifer – evidence from culture experiments and surface sediments, Biogeosciences, 15, 5991–6018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5991-2018, 2018.
Bijma, J., Faber, W. W., and Hemleben, C.: Temperature and salinity limits for growth and survival of some planktonic foraminifers in laboratory cultures, J. Foraminifer. Res., 20, 95–116, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsjfr.20.2.95, 1990.
Conroy, J. L., Thompson, D. M., Cobb, K. M., Noone, D., Rea, S., and
Legrande, A. N.: Spatiotemporal variability in the δ18O-salinity
relationship of seawater across the tropical Pacific Ocean,
Paleoceanography, 32, 484–497, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016PA003073, 2017.
Cox, K.: Stable Isotopes as Tracers for Freshwater Fluxes into the North Atlantic, Doctoral Thesis, University of Southampton, Southampton , UK, 178 pp., 2010.
Dämmer, L. K., Nooijer, L. J. De and Reichart, G. J.: Light Impacts Mg
Incorporation in the Benthic Foraminifer Amphistegina lessonii, Front. Mar.
Sci., 6, 1–8, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00473, 2019.
Delandmeter, P. and van Sebille, E.: The Parcels v2.0 Lagrangian framework: new field interpolation schemes, Geosci. Model Dev., 12, 3571–3584, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-3571-2019, 2019.
de Nooijer, L. J., Spero, H. J., Erez, J., Bijma, J., and Reichart, G. J.:
Biomineralization in perforate Foraminifera, Earth-Sci. Rev., 135,
48–58, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2014.03.013, 2014a.
de Nooijer, L. J., Hathorne, E. C., Reichart, G. J., Langer, G., and Bijma, J.: Variability in calcitic Mg ∕ Ca and Sr ∕ Ca ratios in clones of the benthic
foraminifer Ammonia tepida, Mar. Micropaleontol., 107, 32–43,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2014.02.002, 2014b.
de Nooijer, L., Daemmer, L., van Sebille, E., Haak, J., and Reichart, G.-J.: Data belonging to the publication “Evaluation of oxygen isotopes and trace elements in planktonic foraminifera from the Mediterranean Sea as recorders of seawater oxygen isotopes and salinity”, Dataset, 4TU.ResearchData, https://doi.org/10.4121/13246616.v1, 2020.
Dueñas-Bohórquez, A., Raitzsch, M., de Nooijer, L. J., and Reichart, G.-J.: Independent impacts of calcium and carbonate ion concentration on Mg
and Sr incorporation in cultured benthic foraminifera, Mar. Micropaleontol.,
81, 122–130, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2011.08.002, 2011.
Erez, J.: The source of ions for biomineralization in foraminifera and their
implications for paleoceanographic proxies (Review), Rev. Mineral.
Geochem., 54, 115, https://doi.org/10.2113/0540115, 2003.
Elderfield, H. and Ganssen, G.: Past temperature and δ18O of surface ocean waters inferred from foraminiferal Mg ∕ Ca ratios, Nature, 405, 442–445, https://doi.org/10.1038/35013033, 2000.
Evans, D., Wade, B. S., Henehan, M., Erez, J., and Müller, W.: Revisiting carbonate chemistry controls on planktic foraminifera Mg ∕ Ca: implications for sea surface temperature and hydrology shifts over the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum and Eocene–Oligocene transition, Clim. Past, 12, 819–835, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-819-2016, 2016.
Fallet, U., Boer, W., Van Assen, C., Greaves, M., and Brummer, G. J. A.: A novel application of wet oxidation to retrieve carbonates from large organic-rich samples for ocean-climate research, Geochem. Geophy. Geosy., 10, Q08004, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009GC002573, 2009.
Fallet, U., Brummer, G. J., Zinke, J., Vogels, S., and Ridderinkhof, H.:
Contrasting seasonal fluxes of planktonic foraminifera and impacts on
paleothermometry in the Mozambique Channel upstream of the Agulhas Current,
Paleoceanography, 25, PA4223, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010PA001942, 2010.
Friedrich, O., Schiebel, R., Wilson, P. A., Weldeab, S., Beer, C. J.,
Cooper, M. J., and Fiebig, J.: Influence of test size, water depth, and
ecology on Mg ∕ Ca, Sr ∕ Ca, δ18O and δ13C in nine modern
species of planktic foraminifers, Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 319–320,
133–145, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2011.12.002, 2012.
Ganssen, G. and Kroon, D.: Evidence for Red Sea surface circulation from
oxygen isotopes of modern surface waters and planktonic foraminiferal tests,
Paleoceanography, 6, 73–82, 1991.
Gat, J. R., Shemesh, A., Tziperman, E., Hecht, A., Georgopoulos, D., and
Basturk, O.: The stable isotope composition of waters of the eastern
Mediterranean Sea, Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 101, 6441–6451,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(84)90103-1, 1996.
Geerken, E., de Nooijer, L. J., van Dijk, I., and Reichart, G.-J.: Impact of salinity on element incorporation in two benthic foraminiferal species with contrasting magnesium contents, Biogeosciences, 15, 2205–2218, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-2205-2018, 2018.
Gray, W. R., Weldeab, S., Lea, D. W., Rosenthal, Y., Gruber, N., Donner, B.,
and Fischer, G.: The effects of temperature, salinity, and the carbonate
system on Mg ∕ Ca in Globigerinoides ruber (white): A global sediment trap
calibration, Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 482, 607–620,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2017.11.026, 2018.
Haarmann, T., Hathorne, E. C., Mohtadi, M., Groeneveld, J., Klling, M., and
Bickert, T.: Mg ∕ Ca ratios of single planktonic foraminifer shells and the
potential to reconstruct the thermal seasonality of the water column,
Paleoceanography, 26, 1–14, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010PA002091, 2011.
Hönisch, B., Allen, K. A., Lea, D. W., Spero, H. J., Eggins, S. M.,
Arbuszewski, J., DeMenocal, P., Rosenthal, Y., Russell, A. D., and
Elderfield, H.: The influence of salinity on Mg ∕ Ca in planktic foraminifers
– Evidence from cultures, core-top sediments and complementary δ18O,
Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 121, 196–213, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2013.07.028,
2013.
Huang, K. F., You, C. F., Lin, H. L., and Shieh, Y. T.: In situ calibration
of Mg ∕ Ca ratio in planktonic foraminiferal shell using time series sediment
trap: A case study of intense dissolution artifact in the South China Sea,
Geochem. Geophy. Geosy., 9, Q04016, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GC001660, 2008.
Kisakürek, B., Eisenhauer, A., Böhm, F., Garbe-Schönberg, D., and
Erez, J.: Controls on shell Mg ∕ Ca and Sr ∕ Ca in cultured planktonic
foraminiferan, Globigerinoides ruber (white), Earth Planet. Sc. Lett.,
273, 260–269, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2008.06.026, 2008.
Lange, M. and van Sebille, E.: Parcels v0.9: prototyping a Lagrangian ocean analysis framework for the petascale age, Geosci. Model Dev., 10, 4175–4186, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-4175-2017, 2017.
Lea, D. W., Mashiotta, T. A., and Spero, H. J.: Controls on magnesium and
strontium uptake in planktonic foraminifera determined by live culturing,
Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 63, 2369–2379,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00197-0, 1999.
LeGrande, A. N. and Schmidt, G. A.: Global gridded data set of the oxygen
isotopic composition in seawater, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, 1–5,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GL026011, 2006.
Mashiotta, T. A., Lea, D. W., and Spero, H. J.: Glacial-interglacial changes in Subantarctic sea surface temperature and δ18O-water using foraminiferal Mg, Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 170, 417–432, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(99)00116-8, 1999.
Mathien-Blard, E. and Bassinot, F.: Salinity bias on the foraminifera Mg ∕ Ca
thermometry: Correction procedure and implications for past ocean
hydrographic reconstructions, Geochem. Geophy. Geosy., 10, Q12011,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GC002353, 2009.
McConnell, M. C. and Thunell, R. C.: Calibration of the planktonic
foraminiferal Mg ∕ Ca paleothermometer: Sediment trap results from the Guaymas
Basin, Gulf of California, Paleoceanography, 20, 1–18,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2004PA001077, 2005.
McConnell, M. C., Thunell, R. C., Lorenzoni, L., Astor, Y., Wright, J. D.
and Fairbanks, R.: Seasonal variability in the salinity and oxygen isotopic
composition of seawater from the Cariaco Basin, Venezuela: Implications for
paleosalinity reconstructions, Geochem. Geophy. Geosy., 10, Q06019,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GC002035, 2009.
McCrea, J. M. M.: On the isotopic chemistry of carbonates and a paleotemperature scale, J. Chem. Phys., 18, 849–857, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1747785, 1950.
Mezger, E. M., de Nooijer, L. J., Boer, W., Brummer, G. J. A., and Reichart, G. J.: Salinity controls on Na incorporation in Red Sea planktonic
foraminifera, Paleoceanography, 31, 1562–1582,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2016PA003052, 2016.
Mezger, E. M., de Nooijer, L. J., Siccha, M., Brummer, G.-J. A., Kucera, M.
and Reichart, G. J.: Taphonomic and Ontogenetic Effects on Na ∕ Ca and Mg ∕ Ca
in Spinose Planktonic Foraminifera From the Red Sea, Geochem. Geophy., Geosy., 18, 4174–4194, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GC007852, 2018.
Mezger, E. M., de Nooijer, L. J., Bertlich, J., Bijma, J., Nürnberg, D., and
Reichart, G.-J.: Planktonic foraminiferal spine versus shell carbonate Na
incorporation in relation to salinity, Biogeosciences, 16, 1147–1165,
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1147-2019, 2019.
Mohtadi, M., Steinke, S., Groeneveld, J., Fink, H. G., Rixen, T., Hebbeln, D., Donner, B., and Herunadi, B.: Low-latitude control on seasonal and
interannual changes in planktonic foraminiferal flux and shell geochemistry
off south Java: A sediment trap study, Paleoceanography, 24, PA1201,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2008PA001636, 2009.
Morard, R., Füllberg, A., Brummer, G.-J. A., Greco, M., Jonkers, L.,
Wizemann, A., Weiner, A. K. M., Darling, K., Siccha, M., Ledevin, R.,
Kitazato, H., de Gardiel-Thoron, T., de Vargas, C., Kucera, M., De
Garidel-Thoron, T., de Vargas, C., Kucera, M., de Gardiel-Thoron, T., de
Vargas, C., and Kucera, M.: Genetic and morphological divergence in the
warm-water planktonic foraminifera genus Globigerinoides, PLoS One, 14,
1–30, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225246, 2019.
Mulitza, S., Boltovskoy, D., Donner, B., Meggers, H., Paul, A., and Wefer, G.: Temperature: δ18O relationships of planktonic foraminifera
collected from surface waters, Palaeogeogr. Palaeocl.,
202, 143–152, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-0182(03)00633-3, 2003.
Nooteboom, P. D., Bijl, P. K., van Sebille, E., von der Heydt, A. S., and Dijkstra, H. A.: Transport bias by ocean currents in sedimentary microplankton assemblages: Implications for paleoceanographic reconstructions, Paleoceanogr. Paleocl., 34, 1178–1194, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019PA003606, 2019.
Nürnberg, D., Bijma, J., and Hemleben, C.: Assessing the reliability of magnesium in foraminiferal calcite as a proxy for water mass temperatures, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 60, 803–814, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(95)00446-7, 1996.
Ottens, J. J.: April and August Northeast Atlantic surface water masses reflected in planktic foraminifera, Netherlands J. Sea Res., 28, 261–283, https://doi.org/10.1016/0077-7579(92)90031-9, 1992.
Pierre, C.: The oxygen and carbon isotope distribution in the Mediterranean
water masses, Mar. Geol., 153, 41–55,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-3227(98)00090-5, 1999.
Pierre, C., Vergnaud Grazzini, C., Thuoron, D., and Saliège, J.-F.:
Compositions Isotopiques de L'Oxygène Et Du Carbone Des Masses D'Eau
Mèditerranèe, Mem. Soc. Geol. It., 36, 165–174,
1986.
Prahl, F. G. and Wakeham, S. G.: Calibration of unsaturation patterns in long-chain ketone compositions for palaeotemperature assessment, Nature, 330, 367–369, 1987.
Pujol, C. and Grazzini, C. V.: Distribution patterns of live planktic foraminifers as related to regional hydrography and productive systems of the Mediterranean Sea, Mar. Micropaleontol., 25, 187–217, https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-8398(95)00002-I, 1995.
Rigual-Hernández, A. S., Sierro, F. J., Bárcena, M. A., Flores, J. A., and Heussner, S.: Seasonal and interannual changes of planktic
foraminiferal fluxes in the Gulf of Lions (NW Mediterranean) and their
implications for paleoceanographic studies: Two 12-year sediment trap
records, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. I, 66, 26–40,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2012.03.011, 2012.
Rohling, E. J.: Progress in paleosalinity: Overview and presentation of a
new approach, Paleoceanography, 22, 1–9, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007PA001437, 2007.
Sadekov, A., Eggins, S. M., De Deckker, P., and Kroon, D.: Uncertainties in
seawater thermometry deriving from intratest and intertest Mg ∕ Ca variability
in Globigerinoides ruber, Paleoceanography, 23, 1–12,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2007PA001452, 2008.
Schouten, S., Ossebaar, J., Schreiber, K., Kienhuis, M. V. M., Langer, G., Benthien, A., and Bijma, J.: The effect of temperature, salinity and growth rate on the stable hydrogen isotopic composition of long chain alkenones produced by Emiliania huxleyi and Gephyrocapsa oceanica, Biogeosciences, 3, 113–119, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-3-113-2006, 2006.
Spero, H. J., Eggins, S. M., Russell, A. D., Vetter, L., Kilburn, M. R., and
Hönisch, B.: Timing and mechanism for intratest Mg ∕ Ca variability in a
living planktic foraminifer, Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 409, 32–42,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2014.10.030, 2015.
Stahl, W. and Rinow, U.: Sauerstoffisotopenanalysen an
Mittelmeerwässern: Ein Beitrag zur Problematik von
Paläotemperaturbestimmungen, “Meteor” Forschungsergebnisse. R. C. Geol.
Geophys., 14, 55–59, 1973.
Steinhardt, J., Cléroux, C., Ullgren, J., de Nooijer, L., Durgadoo, J. V., Brummer, G. J., and Reichart, G. J.: Anti-cyclonic eddy imprint on calcite geochemistry of several planktonic foraminiferal species in the Mozambique Channel, Mar. Micropaleontol., 113, 20–33, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2014.09.001, 2014.
Urey, H. C., Lowenstam, H. A., Epstein, S., and McKinney, C. R.: Measurement of Paleotemperatures and Temperatures and the Southeastern United States, B. Geol. Soc. Am., 62, 399–416, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1951)62[399:MOPATO]2.0.CO;2, 1951.
van Dijk, I., de Nooijer, L. J., and Reichart, G.-J.: Trends in element incorporation in hyaline and porcelaneous foraminifera as a function of pCO2, Biogeosciences, 14, 497–510, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-497-2017, 2017.
van Sebille, E., Scussolini, P., Durgadoo, J. V., Peeters, F. J. C.,
Biastoch, A., Weijer, W., Turney, C., Paris, C. B., and Zahn, R.: Ocean
currents generate large footprints in marine palaeoclimate proxies, Nat.
Commun., 6, 6521, https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7521, 2015.
Vasiliev, I., Reichart, G. J., and Krijgsman, W.: Impact of the Messinian
Salinity Crisis on Black Sea hydrology-Insights from hydrogen isotopes
analysis on biomarkers, Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 362, 272–282,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2012.11.038, 2013.
Weiss, G. M., Pfannerstill, E. Y., Schouten, S., Sinninghe Damsté, J. S., and van der Meer, M. T. J.: Effects of alkalinity and salinity at low and high light intensity on hydrogen isotope fractionation of long-chain alkenones produced by Emiliania huxleyi, Biogeosciences, 14, 5693–5704, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-5693-2017, 2017.
Wit, J. C., Reichart, G. J., A Jung, S. J., and Kroon, D.: Approaches to unravel seasonality in sea surface temperatures using paired single-specimen foraminiferal δ18O and Mg ∕ Ca analyses, Paleoceanography, 25, PA4220, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009PA001857, 2010.
Wit, J. C., de Nooijer, L. J., Wolthers, M., and Reichart, G. J.: A novel salinity proxy based on Na incorporation into foraminiferal calcite, Biogeosciences, 10, 6375–6387, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-6375-2013, 2013.
Short summary
The compositions of foraminifera shells often vary with environmental parameters such as temperature or salinity; thus, they can be used as proxies for these environmental variables. Often a single proxy is influenced by more than one parameter. Here, we show that while salinity impacts shell Na / Ca, temperature has no effect. We also show that the combination of different proxies (Mg / Ca and δ18O) to reconstruct salinity does not seem to work as previously thought.
The compositions of foraminifera shells often vary with environmental parameters such as...