Climate of the Past
Climate of the Past
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Articles | Volume 20, issue 5
Articles | Volume 20, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-1125-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-1125-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 20, issue 5
Technical note
 | 
08 May 2024
Technical note |  | 08 May 2024

Technical note: An improved methodology for calculating the Southern Annular Mode index to aid consistency between climate studies

Laura Velasquez-Jimenez and Nerilie J. Abram

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Cited articles

Abram, N. J., Mulvaney, R., Vimeux, F., Phipps, S. J., Turner, J., and England, M. H.: Evolution of the Southern Annular Mode during the past millennium, Nat. Clim. Change, 4, 564–569, 2014. a, b, c, d
Abram, N. J., Henley, B. J., Sen Gupta, A., Lippmann, T. J., Clarke, H., Dowdy, A. J., Sharples, J. J., Nolan, R. H., Zhang, T., Wooster, M. J., Wurtzel, J. B., Meissner, K. J., Pitman, A. J., Ukkola, A. M., Murphy, B. P., Tapper, N. J., and Boer, M. M.: Connections of climate change and variability to large and extreme forest fires in southeast Australia, Communications Earth & Environment, 2, 8, https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-020-00065-8, 2021. a
Baldwin, M. P.: Annular modes in global daily surface pressure, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 4115–4118, 2001. a, b, c
Banerjee, A., Fyfe, J. C., Polvani, L. M., Waugh, D., and Chang, K.-L.: A pause in Southern Hemisphere circulation trends due to the Montreal Protocol, Nature, 579, 544–548, 2020. a
Barrucand, M. G., Zitto, M. E., Piotrkowski, R., Canziani, P., and O'Neill, A.: Historical SAM index time series: linear and nonlinear analysis, Int. J. Climatol., 38, e1091–e1106, 2018. a
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The Southern Annular Mode (SAM) influences climate in the Southern Hemisphere. We investigate the effects of calculation method and data used to calculate the SAM index and how it influences the relationship between the SAM and climate. We propose a method to calculate a natural SAM index that facilitates consistency between studies, including when using different data resolutions, avoiding distortion of SAM impacts and allowing for more reliable results of past and future SAM trends.
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