Articles | Volume 15, issue 2
Clim. Past, 15, 423–448, 2019
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-423-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Clim. Past, 15, 423–448, 2019
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-423-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article 14 Mar 2019
Research article | 14 Mar 2019
Pleistocene glacial history of the New Zealand subantarctic islands
Eleanor Rainsley et al.
Related authors
Christopher J. Fogwill, Erik van Sebille, Eva A. Cougnon, Chris S. M. Turney, Steve R. Rintoul, Benjamin K. Galton-Fenzi, Graeme F. Clark, E. M. Marzinelli, Eleanor B. Rainsley, and Lionel Carter
The Cryosphere, 10, 2603–2609, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-2603-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-2603-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Here we report new data from in situ oceanographic surveys and high-resolution ocean modelling experiments in the Commonwealth Bay region of East Antarctica, where in 2010 there was a major reconfiguration of the regional icescape due to the collision of the 97 km long iceberg B09B with the Mertz Glacier tongue. Here we compare post-calving observations with high-resolution ocean modelling which suggest that this reconfiguration has led to the development of a new polynya off Commonwealth Bay.
David K. Hutchinson, Helen K. Coxall, Daniel J. Lunt, Margret Steinthorsdottir, Agatha M. de Boer, Michiel Baatsen, Anna von der Heydt, Matthew Huber, Alan T. Kennedy-Asser, Lutz Kunzmann, Jean-Baptiste Ladant, Caroline H. Lear, Karolin Moraweck, Paul N. Pearson, Emanuela Piga, Matthew J. Pound, Ulrich Salzmann, Howie D. Scher, Willem P. Sijp, Kasia K. Śliwińska, Paul A. Wilson, and Zhongshi Zhang
Clim. Past, 17, 269–315, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-269-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-269-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The Eocene–Oligocene transition was a major climate cooling event from a largely ice-free world to the first major glaciation of Antarctica, approximately 34 million years ago. This paper reviews observed changes in temperature, CO2 and ice sheets from marine and land-based records at this time. We present a new model–data comparison of this transition and find that CO2-forced cooling provides the best explanation of the observed global temperature changes.
Daniel J. Lunt, Fran Bragg, Wing-Le Chan, David K. Hutchinson, Jean-Baptiste Ladant, Polina Morozova, Igor Niezgodzki, Sebastian Steinig, Zhongshi Zhang, Jiang Zhu, Ayako Abe-Ouchi, Eleni Anagnostou, Agatha M. de Boer, Helen K. Coxall, Yannick Donnadieu, Gavin Foster, Gordon N. Inglis, Gregor Knorr, Petra M. Langebroek, Caroline H. Lear, Gerrit Lohmann, Christopher J. Poulsen, Pierre Sepulchre, Jessica E. Tierney, Paul J. Valdes, Evgeny M. Volodin, Tom Dunkley Jones, Christopher J. Hollis, Matthew Huber, and Bette L. Otto-Bliesner
Clim. Past, 17, 203–227, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-203-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-203-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents the first modelling results from the Deep-Time Model Intercomparison Project (DeepMIP), in which we focus on the early Eocene climatic optimum (EECO, 50 million years ago). We show that, in contrast to previous work, at least three models (CESM, GFDL, and NorESM) produce climate states that are consistent with proxy indicators of global mean temperature and polar amplification, and they achieve this at a CO2 concentration that is consistent with the CO2 proxy record.
Kate E. Ashley, Robert McKay, Johan Etourneau, Francisco J. Jimenez-Espejo, Alan Condron, Anna Albot, Xavier Crosta, Christina Riesselman, Osamu Seki, Guillaume Massé, Nicholas R. Golledge, Edward Gasson, Daniel P. Lowry, Nicholas E. Barrand, Katelyn Johnson, Nancy Bertler, Carlota Escutia, Robert Dunbar, and James A. Bendle
Clim. Past, 17, 1–19, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-1-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-1-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We present a multi-proxy record of Holocene glacial meltwater input, sediment transport, and sea-ice variability off East Antarctica. Our record shows that a rapid Antarctic sea-ice increase during the mid-Holocene (~ 4.5 ka) occurred against a backdrop of increasing glacial meltwater input and gradual climate warming. We suggest that mid-Holocene ice shelf cavity expansion led to cooling of surface waters and sea-ice growth, which slowed basal ice shelf melting.
Chris S. M. Turney, Richard T. Jones, Nicholas P. McKay, Erik van Sebille, Zoë A. Thomas, Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, and Christopher J. Fogwill
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 12, 3341–3356, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-3341-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-3341-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The Last Interglacial (129–116 ka) experienced global temperatures and sea levels higher than today. The direct contribution of warmer conditions to global sea level (thermosteric) are uncertain. We report a global network of sea surface temperatures. We find mean global annual temperature anomalies of 0.2 ± 0.1˚C and an early maximum peak of 0.9 ± 0.1˚C. Our reconstruction suggests warmer waters contributed on average 0.08 ± 0.1 m and a peak contribution of 0.39 ± 0.1 m to global sea level.
Gordon N. Inglis, Fran Bragg, Natalie J. Burls, Margot J. Cramwinckel, David Evans, Gavin L. Foster, Matthew Huber, Daniel J. Lunt, Nicholas Siler, Sebastian Steinig, Jessica E. Tierney, Richard Wilkinson, Eleni Anagnostou, Agatha M. de Boer, Tom Dunkley Jones, Kirsty M. Edgar, Christopher J. Hollis, David K. Hutchinson, and Richard D. Pancost
Clim. Past, 16, 1953–1968, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-1953-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-1953-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents estimates of global mean surface temperatures and climate sensitivity during the early Paleogene (∼57–48 Ma). We employ a multi-method experimental approach and show that i) global mean surface temperatures range between 27 and 32°C and that ii) estimates of
bulkequilibrium climate sensitivity (∼3 to 4.5°C) fall within the range predicted by the IPCC AR5 Report. This work improves our understanding of two key climate metrics during the early Paleogene.
Heiko Goelzer, Sophie Nowicki, Anthony Payne, Eric Larour, Helene Seroussi, William H. Lipscomb, Jonathan Gregory, Ayako Abe-Ouchi, Andrew Shepherd, Erika Simon, Cécile Agosta, Patrick Alexander, Andy Aschwanden, Alice Barthel, Reinhard Calov, Christopher Chambers, Youngmin Choi, Joshua Cuzzone, Christophe Dumas, Tamsin Edwards, Denis Felikson, Xavier Fettweis, Nicholas R. Golledge, Ralf Greve, Angelika Humbert, Philippe Huybrechts, Sebastien Le clec'h, Victoria Lee, Gunter Leguy, Chris Little, Daniel P. Lowry, Mathieu Morlighem, Isabel Nias, Aurelien Quiquet, Martin Rückamp, Nicole-Jeanne Schlegel, Donald A. Slater, Robin S. Smith, Fiamma Straneo, Lev Tarasov, Roderik van de Wal, and Michiel van den Broeke
The Cryosphere, 14, 3071–3096, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-3071-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-3071-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
In this paper we use a large ensemble of Greenland ice sheet models forced by six different global climate models to project ice sheet changes and sea-level rise contributions over the 21st century.
The results for two different greenhouse gas concentration scenarios indicate that the Greenland ice sheet will continue to lose mass until 2100, with contributions to sea-level rise of 90 ± 50 mm and 32 ± 17 mm for the high (RCP8.5) and low (RCP2.6) scenario, respectively.
Hélène Seroussi, Sophie Nowicki, Antony J. Payne, Heiko Goelzer, William H. Lipscomb, Ayako Abe-Ouchi, Cécile Agosta, Torsten Albrecht, Xylar Asay-Davis, Alice Barthel, Reinhard Calov, Richard Cullather, Christophe Dumas, Benjamin K. Galton-Fenzi, Rupert Gladstone, Nicholas R. Golledge, Jonathan M. Gregory, Ralf Greve, Tore Hattermann, Matthew J. Hoffman, Angelika Humbert, Philippe Huybrechts, Nicolas C. Jourdain, Thomas Kleiner, Eric Larour, Gunter R. Leguy, Daniel P. Lowry, Chistopher M. Little, Mathieu Morlighem, Frank Pattyn, Tyler Pelle, Stephen F. Price, Aurélien Quiquet, Ronja Reese, Nicole-Jeanne Schlegel, Andrew Shepherd, Erika Simon, Robin S. Smith, Fiammetta Straneo, Sainan Sun, Luke D. Trusel, Jonas Van Breedam, Roderik S. W. van de Wal, Ricarda Winkelmann, Chen Zhao, Tong Zhang, and Thomas Zwinger
The Cryosphere, 14, 3033–3070, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-3033-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-3033-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The Antarctic ice sheet has been losing mass over at least the past 3 decades in response to changes in atmospheric and oceanic conditions. This study presents an ensemble of model simulations of the Antarctic evolution over the 2015–2100 period based on various ice sheet models, climate forcings and emission scenarios. Results suggest that the West Antarctic ice sheet will continue losing a large amount of ice, while the East Antarctic ice sheet could experience increased snow accumulation.
Alanna V. Alevropoulos-Borrill, Isabel J. Nias, Antony J. Payne, Nicholas R. Golledge, and Rory J. Bingham
The Cryosphere, 14, 1245–1258, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-1245-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-1245-2020, 2020
Anders Levermann, Ricarda Winkelmann, Torsten Albrecht, Heiko Goelzer, Nicholas R. Golledge, Ralf Greve, Philippe Huybrechts, Jim Jordan, Gunter Leguy, Daniel Martin, Mathieu Morlighem, Frank Pattyn, David Pollard, Aurelien Quiquet, Christian Rodehacke, Helene Seroussi, Johannes Sutter, Tong Zhang, Jonas Van Breedam, Reinhard Calov, Robert DeConto, Christophe Dumas, Julius Garbe, G. Hilmar Gudmundsson, Matthew J. Hoffman, Angelika Humbert, Thomas Kleiner, William H. Lipscomb, Malte Meinshausen, Esmond Ng, Sophie M. J. Nowicki, Mauro Perego, Stephen F. Price, Fuyuki Saito, Nicole-Jeanne Schlegel, Sainan Sun, and Roderik S. W. van de Wal
Earth Syst. Dynam., 11, 35–76, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-11-35-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-11-35-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We provide an estimate of the future sea level contribution of Antarctica from basal ice shelf melting up to the year 2100. The full uncertainty range in the warming-related forcing of basal melt is estimated and applied to 16 state-of-the-art ice sheet models using a linear response theory approach. The sea level contribution we obtain is very likely below 61 cm under unmitigated climate change until 2100 (RCP8.5) and very likely below 40 cm if the Paris Climate Agreement is kept.
James D. Kirkham, Kelly A. Hogan, Robert D. Larter, Neil S. Arnold, Frank O. Nitsche, Nicholas R. Golledge, and Julian A. Dowdeswell
The Cryosphere, 13, 1959–1981, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-1959-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-1959-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
A series of huge (500 m wide, 50 m deep) channels were eroded by water flowing beneath Pine Island and Thwaites glaciers in the past. The channels are similar to canyon systems produced by floods of meltwater released beneath the Antarctic Ice Sheet millions of years ago. The spatial extent of the channels formed beneath Pine Island and Thwaites glaciers demonstrates significant quantities of water, possibly discharged from trapped subglacial lakes, flowed beneath these glaciers in the past.
Hélène Seroussi, Sophie Nowicki, Erika Simon, Ayako Abe-Ouchi, Torsten Albrecht, Julien Brondex, Stephen Cornford, Christophe Dumas, Fabien Gillet-Chaulet, Heiko Goelzer, Nicholas R. Golledge, Jonathan M. Gregory, Ralf Greve, Matthew J. Hoffman, Angelika Humbert, Philippe Huybrechts, Thomas Kleiner, Eric Larour, Gunter Leguy, William H. Lipscomb, Daniel Lowry, Matthias Mengel, Mathieu Morlighem, Frank Pattyn, Anthony J. Payne, David Pollard, Stephen F. Price, Aurélien Quiquet, Thomas J. Reerink, Ronja Reese, Christian B. Rodehacke, Nicole-Jeanne Schlegel, Andrew Shepherd, Sainan Sun, Johannes Sutter, Jonas Van Breedam, Roderik S. W. van de Wal, Ricarda Winkelmann, and Tong Zhang
The Cryosphere, 13, 1441–1471, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-1441-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-1441-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We compare a wide range of Antarctic ice sheet simulations with varying initialization techniques and model parameters to understand the role they play on the projected evolution of this ice sheet under simple scenarios. Results are improved compared to previous assessments and show that continued improvements in the representation of the floating ice around Antarctica are critical to reduce the uncertainty in the future ice sheet contribution to sea level rise.
Chris S. M. Turney, Helen V. McGregor, Pierre Francus, Nerilie Abram, Michael N. Evans, Hugues Goosse, Lucien von Gunten, Darrell Kaufman, Hans Linderholm, Marie-France Loutre, and Raphael Neukom
Clim. Past, 15, 611–615, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-611-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-611-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
This PAGES (Past Global Changes) 2k (climate of the past 2000 years working group) special issue of Climate of the Past brings together the latest understanding of regional change and impacts from PAGES 2k groups across a range of proxies and regions. The special issue has emerged from a need to determine the magnitude and rate of change of regional and global climate beyond the timescales accessible within the observational record.
Amy J. Dougherty, Jeong-Heon Choi, Chris S. M. Turney, and Anthony Dosseto
Clim. Past, 15, 389–404, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-389-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-389-2019, 2019
Daniel P. Lowry, Nicholas R. Golledge, Laurie Menviel, and Nancy A. N. Bertler
Clim. Past, 15, 189–215, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-189-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-189-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Using two climate models, we seek to better understand changes in Antarctic climate and Southern Ocean conditions during the last deglaciation. We highlight the importance of sea ice and ice topography changes for Antarctic surface temperatures and snow accumulation as well as the sensitivity of Southern Ocean temperatures to meltwater fluxes. The results demonstrate that climate model simulations of the deglaciation could be greatly improved by considering ice–ocean interactions and feedbacks.
Florian Adolphi, Christopher Bronk Ramsey, Tobias Erhardt, R. Lawrence Edwards, Hai Cheng, Chris S. M. Turney, Alan Cooper, Anders Svensson, Sune O. Rasmussen, Hubertus Fischer, and Raimund Muscheler
Clim. Past, 14, 1755–1781, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-1755-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-1755-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The last glacial period was characterized by a number of rapid climate changes seen, for example, as abrupt warmings in Greenland and changes in monsoon rainfall intensity. However, due to chronological uncertainties it is challenging to know how tightly coupled these changes were. Here we exploit cosmogenic signals caused by changes in the Sun and Earth magnetic fields to link different climate archives and improve our understanding of the dynamics of abrupt climate change.
Zoë A. Thomas, Richard T. Jones, Chris J. Fogwill, Jackie Hatton, Alan N. Williams, Alan Hogg, Scott Mooney, Philip Jones, David Lister, Paul Mayewski, and Chris S. M. Turney
Clim. Past, 14, 1727–1738, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-1727-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-1727-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We report a high-resolution study of a 5000-year-long peat record from the Falkland Islands. This area sensitive to the dynamics of the Amundsen Sea Low, which plays a major role in modulating the Southern Ocean climate. We find wetter, colder conditions between 5.0 and 2.5 ka due to enhanced southerly airflow, with the establishment of drier and warmer conditions from 2.5 ka to present. This implies more westerly airflow and the increased projection of the ASL onto the South Atlantic.
David K. Hutchinson, Agatha M. de Boer, Helen K. Coxall, Rodrigo Caballero, Johan Nilsson, and Michiel Baatsen
Clim. Past, 14, 789–810, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-789-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-789-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The Eocene--Oligocene transition was a major cooling event 34 million years ago. Climate model studies of this transition have used low ocean resolution or topography that roughly approximates the time period. We present a new climate model simulation of the late Eocene, with higher ocean resolution and topography which is accurately designed for this time period. These features improve the ocean circulation and gateways which are thought to be important for this climate transition.
Heiko Goelzer, Sophie Nowicki, Tamsin Edwards, Matthew Beckley, Ayako Abe-Ouchi, Andy Aschwanden, Reinhard Calov, Olivier Gagliardini, Fabien Gillet-Chaulet, Nicholas R. Golledge, Jonathan Gregory, Ralf Greve, Angelika Humbert, Philippe Huybrechts, Joseph H. Kennedy, Eric Larour, William H. Lipscomb, Sébastien Le clec'h, Victoria Lee, Mathieu Morlighem, Frank Pattyn, Antony J. Payne, Christian Rodehacke, Martin Rückamp, Fuyuki Saito, Nicole Schlegel, Helene Seroussi, Andrew Shepherd, Sainan Sun, Roderik van de Wal, and Florian A. Ziemen
The Cryosphere, 12, 1433–1460, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-1433-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-1433-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We have compared a wide spectrum of different initialisation techniques used in the ice sheet modelling community to define the modelled present-day Greenland ice sheet state as a starting point for physically based future-sea-level-change projections. Compared to earlier community-wide comparisons, we find better agreement across different models, which implies overall improvement of our understanding of what is needed to produce such initial states.
Nancy A. N. Bertler, Howard Conway, Dorthe Dahl-Jensen, Daniel B. Emanuelsson, Mai Winstrup, Paul T. Vallelonga, James E. Lee, Ed J. Brook, Jeffrey P. Severinghaus, Taylor J. Fudge, Elizabeth D. Keller, W. Troy Baisden, Richard C. A. Hindmarsh, Peter D. Neff, Thomas Blunier, Ross Edwards, Paul A. Mayewski, Sepp Kipfstuhl, Christo Buizert, Silvia Canessa, Ruzica Dadic, Helle A. Kjær, Andrei Kurbatov, Dongqi Zhang, Edwin D. Waddington, Giovanni Baccolo, Thomas Beers, Hannah J. Brightley, Lionel Carter, David Clemens-Sewall, Viorela G. Ciobanu, Barbara Delmonte, Lukas Eling, Aja Ellis, Shruthi Ganesh, Nicholas R. Golledge, Skylar Haines, Michael Handley, Robert L. Hawley, Chad M. Hogan, Katelyn M. Johnson, Elena Korotkikh, Daniel P. Lowry, Darcy Mandeno, Robert M. McKay, James A. Menking, Timothy R. Naish, Caroline Noerling, Agathe Ollive, Anaïs Orsi, Bernadette C. Proemse, Alexander R. Pyne, Rebecca L. Pyne, James Renwick, Reed P. Scherer, Stefanie Semper, Marius Simonsen, Sharon B. Sneed, Eric J. Steig, Andrea Tuohy, Abhijith Ulayottil Venugopal, Fernando Valero-Delgado, Janani Venkatesh, Feitang Wang, Shimeng Wang, Dominic A. Winski, V. Holly L. Winton, Arran Whiteford, Cunde Xiao, Jiao Yang, and Xin Zhang
Clim. Past, 14, 193–214, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-193-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-193-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Temperature and snow accumulation records from the annually dated Roosevelt Island Climate Evolution (RICE) ice core show that for the past 2 700 years, the eastern Ross Sea warmed, while the western Ross Sea showed no trend and West Antarctica cooled. From the 17th century onwards, this dipole relationship changed. Now all three regions show concurrent warming, with snow accumulation declining in West Antarctica and the eastern Ross Sea.
Nicholas R. Golledge, Zoë A. Thomas, Richard H. Levy, Edward G. W. Gasson, Timothy R. Naish, Robert M. McKay, Douglas E. Kowalewski, and Christopher J. Fogwill
Clim. Past, 13, 959–975, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-959-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-959-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated how the Antarctic climate and ice sheets evolved during a period of warmer-than-present temperatures 4 million years ago, during a time when the carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere was very similar to today's level. Using computer models to first simulate the climate, and then how the ice sheets responded, we found that Antarctica most likely lost around 8.5 m sea-level equivalent ice volume as both East and West Antarctic ice sheets retreated.
Chris S.~M. Turney, Andrew Klekociuk, Christopher J. Fogwill, Violette Zunz, Hugues Goosse, Claire L. Parkinson, Gilbert Compo, Matthew Lazzara, Linda Keller, Rob Allan, Jonathan G. Palmer, Graeme Clark, and Ezequiel Marzinelli
The Cryosphere Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2017-51, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2017-51, 2017
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
We demonstrate that a mid-twentieth century decrease in geopotential height in the southwest Pacific marks a Rossby wave response to equatorial Pacific warming, leading to enhanced easterly airflow off George V Land. Our results suggest that in contrast to ozone hole-driven changes in the Amundsen Sea, the 1979–2015 increase in sea ice extent off George V Land may be in response to reduced northward Ekman drift and enhanced (near-coast) production as a consequence of low latitude forcing.
Chris S. M. Turney, Christopher J. Fogwill, Jonathan G. Palmer, Erik van Sebille, Zoë Thomas, Matt McGlone, Sarah Richardson, Janet M. Wilmshurst, Pavla Fenwick, Violette Zunz, Hugues Goosse, Kerry-Jayne Wilson, Lionel Carter, Mathew Lipson, Richard T. Jones, Melanie Harsch, Graeme Clark, Ezequiel Marzinelli, Tracey Rogers, Eleanor Rainsley, Laura Ciasto, Stephanie Waterman, Elizabeth R. Thomas, and Martin Visbeck
Clim. Past, 13, 231–248, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-231-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-231-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The Southern Ocean plays a fundamental role in global climate but suffers from a dearth of observational data. As the Australasian Antarctic Expedition 2013–2014 we have developed the first annually resolved temperature record using trees from subantarctic southwest Pacific (52–54˚S) to extend the climate record back to 1870. With modelling we show today's high climate variability became established in the ~1940s and likely driven by a Rossby wave response originating from the tropical Pacific.
Mathew J. Lipson, Melissa A. Hart, and Marcus Thatcher
Geosci. Model Dev., 10, 991–1007, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-991-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-991-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
City-scale models describing the surface energy balance have difficulties representing heat storage in urban materials. This paper proposes an alternative method to discretise heat conduction through urban materials. We compare the new method with an approach commonly used in urban models and find the new method better matches exact solutions to heat transfer for a wide variety of urban material compositions. We also find the new method improves the bulk energy flux response of an urban model.
Christopher J. Fogwill, Erik van Sebille, Eva A. Cougnon, Chris S. M. Turney, Steve R. Rintoul, Benjamin K. Galton-Fenzi, Graeme F. Clark, E. M. Marzinelli, Eleanor B. Rainsley, and Lionel Carter
The Cryosphere, 10, 2603–2609, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-2603-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-2603-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Here we report new data from in situ oceanographic surveys and high-resolution ocean modelling experiments in the Commonwealth Bay region of East Antarctica, where in 2010 there was a major reconfiguration of the regional icescape due to the collision of the 97 km long iceberg B09B with the Mertz Glacier tongue. Here we compare post-calving observations with high-resolution ocean modelling which suggest that this reconfiguration has led to the development of a new polynya off Commonwealth Bay.
Steven J. Phipps, Christopher J. Fogwill, and Christian S. M. Turney
The Cryosphere, 10, 2317–2328, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-2317-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-2317-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
We explore the effects of melting of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet on the Southern Ocean. Using a climate model, we find that melting changes the ocean circulation and causes warming of more than 1 °C at depth. We also discover the potential existence of a "domino effect", whereby the initial warming spreads westwards around the Antarctic continent. Melting of just one sector could therefore destabilise the wider Antarctic Ice Sheet, leading to substantial increases in global sea level.
C. S. M. Turney, R. T. Jones, C. Fogwill, J. Hatton, A. N. Williams, A. Hogg, Z. A. Thomas, J. Palmer, S. Mooney, and R. W. Reimer
Clim. Past, 12, 189–200, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-189-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-189-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Southern Hemisphere westerly airflow is considered a major driver of Southern Ocean and global climate. Observational records, however, are limited. Here we present a new Falkland Islands record that exploits "exotic" South America pollen and charcoal to reconstruct changing airflow. We find stronger winds 2000–1000 cal. yr BP, associated with increased burning, and a 250-year periodicity, suggesting solar forcing. Our results have important implications for understanding late Holocene climates.
C. S. M. Turney, C. J. Fogwill, A. R. Klekociuk, T. D. van Ommen, M. A. J. Curran, A. D. Moy, and J. G. Palmer
The Cryosphere, 9, 2405–2415, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-2405-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-2405-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Recent trends in ocean circulation, sea ice and climate over the Southern Ocean and Antarctica are highly complex. Here we report a new snow core from the South Pole alongside reanalysis of 20th century global atmospheric circulation. We demonstrate for the first time that atmospheric pressure anomalies in the mid-latitudes act as "gatekeepers" to meridional exchange over continental Antarctica, modulated by the tropical Pacific, with potentially significant impacts on surface mass balance.
Z. A. Thomas, F. Kwasniok, C. A. Boulton, P. M. Cox, R. T. Jones, T. M. Lenton, and C. S. M. Turney
Clim. Past, 11, 1621–1633, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-1621-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-1621-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Using a combination of speleothem records and model simulations of the East Asian Monsoon over the penultimate glacial cycle, we search for early warning signals of past tipping points. We detect a characteristic slower response to perturbations prior to an abrupt monsoon shift at the glacial termination; however, we do not detect these signals in the preceding shifts. Our results have important implications for detecting tipping points in palaeoclimate records outside glacial terminations.
A. Rouillard, G. Skrzypek, S. Dogramaci, C. Turney, and P. F. Grierson
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 2057–2078, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-2057-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-2057-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
We reconstructed a 100-year monthly history of flooding and drought of a large wetland in arid northwest Australia, using hydroclimatic data calibrated against 25 years of satellite images. Severe and intense regional rainfall, as well as the sequence of events, determined surface water expression on the floodplain. While inter-annual variability was high, changes to the flood regime over the last 20 years suggest the wetland may become more persistent in response to the observed rainfall trend.
O. J. Marsh, W. Rack, D. Floricioiu, N. R. Golledge, and W. Lawson
The Cryosphere, 7, 1375–1384, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-1375-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-1375-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Subject: Continental Surface Processes | Archive: Terrestrial Archives | Timescale: Pleistocene
Younger Dryas ice-margin retreat in Greenland, new evidence from Southwest Greenland
Palaeoclimate characteristics in interior Siberia of MIS 6–2: first insights from the Batagay permafrost mega-thaw slump in the Yana Highlands
Hydroclimate of the Last Glacial Maximum and deglaciation in southern Australia's arid margin interpreted from speleothem records (23–15 ka)
High-amplitude lake-level changes in tectonically active Lake Issyk-Kul (Kyrgyzstan) revealed by high-resolution seismic reflection data
Constant wind regimes during the Last Glacial Maximum and early Holocene: evidence from Little Llangothlin Lagoon, New England Tablelands, eastern Australia
Late Pleistocene–Holocene ground surface heat flux changes reconstructed from borehole temperature data (the Urals, Russia)
Sediment sequence and site formation processes at the Arbreda Cave, NE Iberian Peninsula, and implications on human occupation and climate change during the Last Glacial
Past freeze and thaw cycling in the margin of the El'gygytgyn crater deduced from a 141 m long permafrost record
Geochronological reconsideration of the eastern European key loess section at Stayky in Ukraine
Pre-LGM Northern Hemisphere ice sheet topography
Heinrich event 4 characterized by terrestrial proxies in southwestern Europe
Tephrostratigraphic studies on a sediment core from Lake Prespa in the Balkans
Past climate changes and permafrost depth at the Lake El'gygytgyn site: implications from data and thermal modeling
Depositional dynamics in the El'gygytgyn Crater margin: implications for the 3.6 Ma old sediment archive
Coarsely crystalline cryogenic cave carbonate – a new archive to estimate the Last Glacial minimum permafrost depth in Central Europe
Hydrological variability in the Northern Levant: a 250 ka multi-proxy record from the Yammoûneh (Lebanon) sedimentary sequence
Svend Funder, Anita H. L. Sørensen, Nicolaj K. Larsen, Anders Bjørk, Jason P. Briner, Jesper Olsen, Anders Schomacker, and Kurt H. Kjær
Clim. Past Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2020-57, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2020-57, 2020
Revised manuscript accepted for CP
Short summary
Short summary
Cosmogenic 10Be exposure dates from outlying islets along 300 km of the SW Greenland coast indicate that the ice sheet margin here was retreating, not readvancing, and was close to the coast during the Younger Dryas cold period. These results seem to be corroborated by recent studies from other parts of Greenland. With its entire perimeter on the shelf, changes in the North Atlantic Overturning Circulation may have muted the effect of atmospheric temperatures on the Greenland ice sheet margin.
Kseniia Ashastina, Lutz Schirrmeister, Margret Fuchs, and Frank Kienast
Clim. Past, 13, 795–818, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-795-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-795-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We present the first detailed description and sedimentological analyses of an 80 m permafrost sequence exposed in a mega-thaw slump near Batagay in the Yana Highlands, Russia, and attempt to deduce its genesis. First dating results (14C, OSL) show that the sequence represents a continental climate record spanning from the Middle Pleistocene to the Holocene. We suggest that the characteristics of the studied deposits are a result of various seasonally controlled climatically induced processes.
Pauline C. Treble, Andy Baker, Linda K. Ayliffe, Timothy J. Cohen, John C. Hellstrom, Michael K. Gagan, Silvia Frisia, Russell N. Drysdale, Alan D. Griffiths, and Andrea Borsato
Clim. Past, 13, 667–687, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-667-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-667-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Little is known about the climate of southern Australia during the Last Glacial Maximum and deglaciation owing to sparse records for this region. We present the first high-resolution data, derived from speleothems that grew 23–5 ka. It appears that recharge to the Flinders Ranges was higher than today, particularly during 18.9–15.8 ka, argued to be due to the enhanced availability of tropical moisture. An abrupt shift to aridity is recorded at 15.8 ka, associated with restored westerly airflow.
Andrea Catalina Gebhardt, Lieven Naudts, Lies De Mol, Jan Klerkx, Kanatbek Abdrakhmatov, Edward R. Sobel, and Marc De Batist
Clim. Past, 13, 73–92, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-73-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-73-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Seismic profiles from the western and eastern deltas of Lake Issyk-Kul were used to identify lake-level changes of up to 400 m. Seven stratigraphic sequences were identified, each containing a series of delta lobes that were formed during former lake-level stillstands. Lake-level fluctuations point to significant changes in the strength and position of the Siberian High and the mid-latitude Westerlies. Their interplay is responsible for the amount of moisture that reaches this area.
James Shulmeister, Justine Kemp, Kathryn E. Fitzsimmons, and Allen Gontz
Clim. Past, 12, 1435–1444, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-1435-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-1435-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
This paper highlights that small dunes (lunettes) formed on the eastern side of a lake in the Australian sub-tropics at the height of the last ice age (about 21,000 years ago) and in the early part of the current interglacial (9–6,000 years ago). This means that it was fairly wet at these times and also that there were strong westerly winds to form the dunes. Today strong westerly winds occur in winter, and we infer that the same was also true at those times, suggesting no change in circulation.
D. Y. Demezhko and A. A. Gornostaeva
Clim. Past, 11, 647–652, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-647-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-647-2015, 2015
M. Kehl, E. Eckmeier, S. O. Franz, F. Lehmkuhl, J. Soler, N. Soler, K. Reicherter, and G.-C. Weniger
Clim. Past, 10, 1673–1692, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1673-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1673-2014, 2014
G. Schwamborn, H. Meyer, L. Schirrmeister, and G. Fedorov
Clim. Past, 10, 1109–1123, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1109-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1109-2014, 2014
A. Kadereit and G. A. Wagner
Clim. Past, 10, 783–796, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-783-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-783-2014, 2014
J. Kleman, J. Fastook, K. Ebert, J. Nilsson, and R. Caballero
Clim. Past, 9, 2365–2378, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-2365-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-2365-2013, 2013
J. M. López-García, H.-A. Blain, M. Bennàsar, M. Sanz, and J. Daura
Clim. Past, 9, 1053–1064, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-1053-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-1053-2013, 2013
M. Damaschke, R. Sulpizio, G. Zanchetta, B. Wagner, A. Böhm, N. Nowaczyk, J. Rethemeyer, and A. Hilgers
Clim. Past, 9, 267–287, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-267-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-267-2013, 2013
D. Mottaghy, G. Schwamborn, and V. Rath
Clim. Past, 9, 119–133, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-119-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-119-2013, 2013
G. Schwamborn, G. Fedorov, N. Ostanin, L. Schirrmeister, A. Andreev, and the El'gygytgyn Scientific Party
Clim. Past, 8, 1897–1911, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-8-1897-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-8-1897-2012, 2012
K. Žák, D. K. Richter, M. Filippi, R. Živor, M. Deininger, A. Mangini, and D. Scholz
Clim. Past, 8, 1821–1837, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-8-1821-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-8-1821-2012, 2012
F. Gasse, L. Vidal, A.-L. Develle, and E. Van Campo
Clim. Past, 7, 1261–1284, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-7-1261-2011, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-7-1261-2011, 2011
Cited articles
Aitken, M. J.: Thermoluminescence dating, Academic press, 1985.
Anderson, R. F., Ali, S., Bradtmiller, L. I., Nielsen, S. H. H., Fleisher, M.
Q., Anderson, B. E., and Burckle, L. H.: Wind-Driven Upwelling in the
Southern Ocean and the Deglacial Rise in Atmospheric CO2, Science, 323,
1443–1448, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1167441, 2009.
Auclair, M., Lamothe, M., and Huot, S.: Measurement of anomalous fading for
feldspar IRSL using SAR, Radiat. Meas., 37, 487–492, 2003.
Augustinus, P., Fink, D., Fletcher, M.-S., and Thomas, I.: Re-assessment of
the mid to late Quaternary glacial and environmental history of the Boco
Plain, western Tasmania, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 160, 31–44, 2017.
Balco, G.: A surprisingly large marine ice cap at Heard Island during the
Last Glacial Maximum, in: Antarctica: A Keystone in a Changing World eOnline
Proceedings of the 10th ISAES, USGS Open-File Report, 1–4, 2007.
Bard, E. and Rickaby, R. E. M.: Migration of the subtropical front as a
modulator of glacial climate, Nature, 460, 380–383, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08189,
2009a.
Bard, E. and Rickaby, R. E. M.: Migration of the subtropical front as a
modulator of glacial climate, Nature, 460, 380–383, 2009b.
Barrows, T. T., Lehman, S. J., Fifield, L. K., and De Deckker, P.: Absence of
cooling in New Zealand and the adjacent ocean during the younger dryas
chronozone, Science, 318, 86–89, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1145873, 2007.
Bentley, M. J., Evans, D. J. A., Fogwill, C. J., Hansom, J. D., Sugden, D.
E., and Kubik, P. W.: Glacial geomorphology and chronology of deglaciation,
South Georgia, sub-Antarctic, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 26, 644–677,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2006.11.019, 2007.
Blegen, N., Tryon, C. A., Faith, J. T., Peppe, D. J., Beverly, E. J., Li, B.,
and Jacobs, Z.: Distal tephras of the eastern Lake Victoria basin, equatorial
East Africa: correlations, chronology and a context for early modern humans,
Quaternary Sci. Rev., 122, 89–111, 2015.
Bøtter-Jensen, L. and Mejdahl, V.: Assessment of beta dose-rate using a GM
multicounter system, International Journal of Radiation Applications and
Instrumentation – Part D, 14, 187–191, 1988.
Bronk Ramsey, C., and Lee, S.: Recent and planned developments of the program
OxCal, Radiocarbon, 55, 720–730, 2013.
Brook, M. S.: Glaciation of Mt Allen, Stewart Island (Rakiura): the southern
margin of LGM glaciation in New Zealand, Geogr. Ann. A, 91, 71–81,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0459.2009.00355.x, 2009.
Bueler, E. and Brown, J.: Shallow shelf approximation as a “sliding law” in
a thermomechanically coupled ice sheet model, J. Geophys. Res.-Earth, 114,
F03008, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JF001179, 2009.
Buylaert, J.-P., Murray, A. S., Thomsen, K. J., and Jain, M.: Testing the
potential of an elevated temperature IRSL signal from K-feldspar, Radiat.
Meas., 44, 560–565, 2009.
Campbell, I. B.: Soil pattern on Campbell Island, New Zeal. J. Sci., 24,
111–135, 1981.
David, B., Roberts, R. G., Magee, J., Mialanes, J., Turney, C., Bird, M.,
White, C., Fifield, L. K., and Tibby, J.: Sediment mixing at Nonda Rock:
investigations of stratigraphic integrity at an early archaeological site in
northern Australia and implications for the human colonisation of the
continent, J. Quaternary Sci., 22, 449–479, 2007.
Denton, G. H., Anderson, R. F., Toggweiler, J. R., Edwards, R. L., Schaefer,
J. M., and Putnam, A. E.: The Last Glacial Termination, Science, 328,
1652–1656, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1184119, 2010.
Duller, G.: Improving the accuracy and precision of equivalent doses
determined using the optically stimulated luminescence signal from single
grains of quartz, Radiat. Meas., 47, 770–777, 2012.
Duller, G. A.: Single-grain optical dating of Quaternary sediments: why
aliquot size matters in luminescence dating, Boreas, 37, 589–612, 2008.
EPICA Community Members: One-to-one coupling of glacial climate variability
in Greenland and Antarctica, Nature, 444, 195–198, 2006.
Feathers, J. K.: Single-grain OSL dating of sediments from the Southern High
Plains, USA, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 22, 1035–1042, 2003.
Feathers, J. K., Holliday, V. T., and Meltzer, D. J.: Optically stimulated
luminescence dating of Southern High Plains archaeological sites, J.
Archaeol. Sci., 33, 1651–1665, 2006.
Fleming, C. A., Mildenhall, D. C., and Moar, N. T.: Quaternary sediments and
plant microfossils from Enderby Island, Auckland Islands, J. Roy. Soc. New
Zeal., 6, 433–458, 1976.
Fogwill, C. J. and Kubik, P. W.: A glacial stage spanning the Antarctic Cold
Reversal in Torres del Paine (51∘ S), Chile, based on preliminary
cosmogenic exposure ages, Geogr. Ann. A, 87, 403–408, 2005.
Fogwill, C. J., Turney, C. S. M., Hutchinson, D. K., Taschetto, A. S., and
England, M. H.: Obliquity Control On Southern Hemisphere Climate During The
Last Glacial, Sci. Rep., 5, 11673, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep11673, 2015.
Fraser, C. I., Nikula, R., Spencer, H. G., and Waters, J. M.: Kelp genes
reveal effects of subantarctic sea ice during the Last Glacial Maximum, P.
Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 106, 3249–3253, 10.1073/pnas.0810635106, 2009.
Galbraith, R. F., Roberts, R. G., Laslett, G. M., Yoshida, H., and Olley, J.
M.: Optical dating of single and multiple grains of quartz from Jinmium rock
shelter, northern Australia: Part I, experimental design and statistical
models, Archaeometry, 41, 339–364, 1999.
Gersonde, R., Crosta, X., Abelmann, A., and Armand, L.: Sea-surface
temperature and sea ice distribution of the Southern Ocean at the EPILOG Last
Glacial Maximum – a circum-Antarctic view based on siliceous microfossil
records, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 24, 869–896,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2004.07.015, 2005.
Golledge, N. and Levy, R.: Geometry and dynamics of an East Antarctic Ice
Sheet outlet glacier, under past and present climates, J. Geophys.
Res.-Earth, 116, F03025, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JF002028, 2011.
Golledge, N. R., Mackintosh, A. N., Anderson, B. M., Buckley, K. M., Doughty,
A. M., Barrell, D. J. A., Denton, G. H., Vandergoes, M. J., Andersen, B. G.,
and Schaefer, J. M.: Last Glacial Maximum climate in New Zealand inferred
from a modelled Southern Alps icefield, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 46, 30–45,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.05.004, 2012.
Guo, Y. J., Li, B., Zhang, J. F., Yuan, B. Y., Xie, F., and Roberts, R. G.:
New ages for the Upper Palaeolithic site of Xibaimaying in the Nihewan Basin,
northern China: implications for small-tool and microblade industries in
north-east Asia during Marine Isotope Stages 2 and 3, J. Quaternary Sci., 32,
540–552, 2017.
Hayward, B. W., Scott, G. H., Crundwell, M. P., Kennett, J. P., Carter, L.,
Neil, H. L., Sabaa, A. T., Wilson, K., Rodger, J. S., Schaefer, G., Grenfell,
H. R., and Li, Q.: The effect of submerged plateaux on Pleistocene gyral
circulation and sea-surface temperatures in the Southwest Pacific, Global
Planet. Change, 63, 309–316, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2008.07.003, 2008.
Hein, A. S., Hulton, N. R. J., Dunai, T. J., Sugden, D. E., Kaplan, M. R.,
and Xu, S.: The chronology of the Last Glacial Maximum and deglacial events
in central Argentine Patagonia, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 29, 1212–1227,
10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.01.020, 2010.
Heiri, O., Lotter, A., and Lemcke, G.: Loss on ignition as a method for
estimating organic and carbonate content in sediments: reproducibility and
comparability of results, J. Paleolimnol., 25, 101–110,
https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008119611481, 2001.
Hesse, P. P.: The record of continental dust from Australia in Tasman Sea
sediments, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 13, 257–272, 1994.
Hince, B.: Charles Fleming's cape expedition diary, Auckland Islands,
1942–43, Csiro Publishing, Australia, 2007.
Hodgson, D. A., Graham, A. G. C., Roberts, S. J., Bentley, M. J., Cofaigh, C.
O., Verleyen, E., Vyverman, W., Jomelli, V., Favier, V., Brunstein, D.,
Verfaillie, D., Colhoun, E. A., Saunders, K. M., Selkirk, P. M., Mackintosh,
A., Hedding, D. W., Nel, W., Hall, K., McGlone, M. S., Van der Putten, N.,
Dickens, W. A., and Smith, J. A.: Terrestrial and submarine evidence for the
extent and timing of the Last Glacial Maximum and the onset of deglaciation
on the maritime-Antarctic and sub-Antarctic islands, Quaternary Sci. Rev.,
100, 137–158, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.12.001, 2014a.
Hodgson, D. A., Graham, A. G. C., Roberts, S. J., Bentley, M. J., Cofaigh, C.
Ó., Verleyen, E., Vyverman, W., Jomelli, V., Favier, V., Brunstein, D.,
Verfaillie, D., Colhoun, E. A., Saunders, K. M., Selkirk, P. M., Mackintosh,
A., Hedding, D. W., Nel, W., Hall, K., McGlone, M. S., Van der Putten, N.,
Dickens, W. A., and Smith, J. A.: Terrestrial and submarine evidence for the
extent and timing of the Last Glacial Maximum and the onset of deglaciation
on the maritime-Antarctic and sub-Antarctic islands, Quaternary Sci. Rev.,
100, 137–158, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.12.001, 2014b.
Hogg, A., Turney, C., Palmer, J., Southon, J., Kromer, B., Bronk Ramsey, C.,
Boswijk, G., Fenwick, P., Noronha, A., Staff, R., Friedrich, M., Reynard, L.,
Guetter, D., Wacker, L., and Jones, R.: The New Zealand kauri (Agathis
australis) research project: A radiocarbon dating intercomparison of Younger
Dryas wood and implications for IntCal13, Radiocarbon, 55, 2035–2048,
https://doi.org/10.2458/azu_js_rc.v55i2.16217, 2013.
Hogg, A., Southon, J., Turney, C., Palmer, J., Ramsey, C. B., Fenwick, P.,
Boswijk, G., Friedrich, M., Helle, G., and Hughen, K.: Punctuated Shutdown of
Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation during Greenland Stadial 1, Sci.
Rep., 6, 25902, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep25902, 2016.
Huntley, D. J. and Hancock, R.: The Rb contents of the K-feldspar grains
being measured in optical dating, Ancient TL, 19, 43–46, 2001.
Huntley, D. J. and Lamothe, M.: Ubiquity of anomalous fading in K-feldspars
and the measurement and correction for it in optical dating, Can. J. Earth
Sci., 38, 1093–1106, 2001.
Jaccard, S. L., Hayes, C. T., Martínez-García, A., Hodell, D. A.,
Anderson, R. F., Sigman, D. M., and Haug, G. H.: Two Modes of Change in
Southern Ocean Productivity Over the Past Million Years, Science, 339,
1419–1423, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1227545, 2013.
Jacobs, Z., Duller, G. A., and Wintle, A. G.: Interpretation of single grain
De distributions and calculation of De, Radiat. Meas., 41, 264–277, 2006.
Jacobs, Z. and Roberts, R. G.: Advances in optically stimulated luminescence
dating of individual grains of quartz from archeological deposits, Evol.
Anthropol., 16, 210–223, 2007.
Jacobs, Z. and Roberts, R. G.: An improved single grain OSL chronology for
the sedimentary deposits from Diepkloof Rockshelter, Western Cape, South
Africa, J. Archaeol. Sci., 63, 175–192, 2015.
Jacobs, Z., Wintle, A. G., Duller, G. A., Roberts, R. G., and Wadley, L.: New
ages for the post-Howiesons Poort, late and final Middle stone age at Sibudu,
South Africa, J. Archaeol. Sci., 35, 1790–1807, 2008.
Jacobs, Z., Meyer, M. C., Roberts, R., Aldeias, V., Dibble, H., and El
Hajraoui, M.: Single-grain OSL dating at La Grotte des Contrebandiers
(“Smugglers' Cave”), Morocco: improved age constraints for the Middle
Paleolithic levels, J. Archaeol. Sci., 38, 3631–3643, 2011.
Jomelli, V., Mokadem, F., Schimmelpfennig, I., Chapron, E., Rinterknecht, V.,
Favier, V., Verfaillie, D., Brunstein, D., Legentil, C., Michel, E.,
Swingedouw, D., Jaouen, A., Aumaitre, G., Bourlès, D. L., and
Keddadouche, K.: Sub-Antarctic glacier extensions in the Kerguelen region
(49∘ S, Indian Ocean) over the past 24,000 years constrained by 36Cl
moraine dating, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 162, 128–144,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.03.010, 2017.
Jomelli, V., Schimmelpfennig, I., Favier, V., Mokadem, F., Landais, A.,
Rinterknecht, V., Brunstein, D., Verfaillie, D., Legentil, C., Aumaitre, G.,
Bourlès, D. L., and Keddadouche, K.: Glacier extent in sub-Antarctic
Kerguelen archipelago from MIS 3 period: Evidence from 36Cl dating,
Quaternary Sci. Rev., 183, 110–123, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.01.008,
2018.
Kamb, B. and Echelmeyer, K. A.: Stress-gradient coupling in glacier flow: I.
Longitudinal averaging of the influence of ice thickness and surface slope,
J. Glaciology, 32, 267–284, 1986.
Kaplan, M. R., Douglass, D. C., Singer, B. S., Ackert, R. P., and Caffee, M.
W.: Cosmogenic nuclide chronology of pre-last glacial maximum moraines at
Lago Buenos Aires, 46∘ S, Argentina, Quaternary Res., 63, 301–315,
2005.
Kaplan, M. R., Fogwill, C. J., Sugden, D. E., Hulton, N., Kubik, P. W., and
Freeman, S.: Southern Patagonian glacial chronology for the Last Glacial
period and implications for Southern Ocean climate, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 27,
284–294, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2007.09.013, 2008.
Kohfeld, K., Graham, R., De Boer, A., Sime, L., Wolff, E., Le Quéré,
C., and Bopp, L.: Southern Hemisphere westerly wind changes during the Last
Glacial Maximum: paleo-data synthesis, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 68, 76–95,
2013.
Laskar, J., Robutel, P., Joutel, F., Gastineau, M., Correia, A., and Levrard,
B.: A long-term numerical solution for the insolation quantities of the
Earth, Astron. Astrophys., 428, 261–285, 2004.
Li, B. and Li, S.-H.: Luminescence dating of K-feldspar from sediments: a
protocol without anomalous fading correction, Quat. Geochronol., 6, 468–479,
2011.
Li, B. and Li, S.: A reply to the comments by Thomsen et al. on
“Luminescence dating of K-feldspar from sediments: a protocol without
anomalous fading correction”, Quat. Geochronol., 8, 49–51,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2011.10.001, 2012.
Li, B., Jacobs, Z., Roberts, R. G., and Li, S.-H.: Review and assessment of
the potential of post-IR IRSL dating methods to circumvent the problem of
anomalous fading in feldspar luminescence, Geochronometria, 41, 178–201,
2014.
Li, B., Jacobs, Z., and Roberts, R. G.: Investigation of the applicability of
standardised growth curves for OSL dating of quartz from Haua Fteah cave,
Libya, Quat. Geochronol., 35, 1–15, 2016.
Li, B., Jacobs, Z., Roberts, R. G., Galbraith, R., and Peng, J.: Variability
in quartz OSL signals caused by measurement uncertainties: Problems and
solutions, Quat. Geochronol., 41, 11–25, 2017.
Li, W., Wang, R., Xiang, F., Ding, X., and Zhao, M.: Sea surface temperature
and subtropical front movement in the South Tasman Sea during the last
800 ka, Chinese Sci. Bull., 55, 3338–3344, 2010.
Lowe, J. and Walker, M.: Radiocarbon dating the last glacial-interglacial
transition (Ca. 14–9 14C ka BP) in terrestrial and marine records:
the need for new quality assurance protocols, Radiocarbon, 42, 53–68, 2000.
MacAyeal, D. R.: EISMINT: Lessons in ice-sheet modeling, Department of
Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 1832–1839, 1997.
Marshall, J. and Speer, K.: Closure of the meridional overturning circulation
through Southern Ocean upwelling, Nat. Geosci., 5, 171–180,
10.1038/ngeo1391, 2012.
McCave, I. N. and Syvitski, J. P. M.: Principles and methods of particle size
analysis, in: Principles, Methods, and Applications of Particle Size
Analysis, edited by: Syvitski, J. P. M., New York, Cambridge University
Press, 3–21, 1991.
McGlone, M. S.: The Late Quaternary peat, vegetation and climate history of
the Southern Oceanic Islands of New Zealand, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 21,
683–707, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-3791(01)00044-0, 2002.
McGlone, M. S., Moar, N. T., Wardle, P., and Meurk, C. D.: Late-glacial and
Holocene vegetation and environment of Campbell Island, far southern New
Zealand, Holocene, 7, 1–12, https://doi.org/10.1177/095968369700700101, 1997.
McGlone, M. S., Wilmshurst, J. M., and Wiser, S. K.: Lateglacial and Holocene
vegetation and climatic change on Auckland Island, subantarctic New Zealand,
The Holocene, 10, 719–728, 2000.
McGlone, M. S., Wilmshurst, J., and Meurk, C.: Climate, fire, farming and the
recent vegetation history of subantarctic Campbell Island, Earth Env. Sci. T.
R. So., 98, 71–84, 2007.
McGlone, M. S., Turney, C. S. M., Wilmshurst, J. M., Renwick, J., and Pahnke,
K.: Divergent trends in land and ocean temperature in the Southern Ocean over
the past 18 000 years, Nature Geosci., 3, 622–626, 2010.
Mitchell, K. J., Wood, J. R., Scofield, R. P., Llamas, B., and Cooper, A.:
Ancient mitochondrial genome reveals unsuspected taxonomic affinity of the
extinct Chatham duck (Pachyanas chathamica) and resolves divergence times for
New Zealand and sub-Antarctic brown teals, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 70,
420–428, 2014.
Moar, N. T.: Contributions to the Quaternary history of the New Zealand
flora: 1. Auckland Island peat studies, New Zeal. J. Sci., 1, 449–465, 1958.
Moreno, P. I., Kaplan, M. R., Francois, J. P., Villa-Martinez, R., Moy, C.
M., Stern, C. R., and Kubik, P. W.: Renewed glacial activity during the
Antarctic cold reversal and persistence of cold conditions until 11.5 ka in
southwestern Patagonia, Geology, 37, 375–378, https://doi.org/10.1130/g25399a.1, 2009.
Newnham, R., Lowe, D. J., and Green, J. D.: Palynology, Vegetation And
Climate Of The Waikato Lowlands, North Island, New-Zealand, Since C 18,000
Years Ago, J. Roy. Soc. New Zeal., 19, 127–150, 1989.
Newnham, R., Lowe, D. J., Giles, T. M., and Alloway, B. V.: Vegetation and
climate of Auckland, New Zealand, since ca. 32 000 cal. yr ago: support for
an extended LGM, J. Quaternary Sci., 22, 517–534, 2007.
Oliver, R. L., Finlay, H. J., and Fleming, C. A.: The geology of Campbell
Island, Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Wellington, New
Zealand Cape Expedition Series, 28, 347–374,
https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.1998.9517570, 1950.
Otto-Bliesner, B. L., Brady, E. C., Clauzet, G., Tomas, R., Levis, S., and
Kothavala, Z.: Last glacial maximum and Holocene climate in CCSM3, J.
Climate, 19, 2526–2544, 2006.
Pahnke, K., Zahn, R., Elderfield, H., and Schulz, M.: 340,000-year
centennial-scale marine record of Southern Hemisphere climatic oscillation,
Science, 301, 948–952, 10.1126/science.1084451, 2003.
Pahnke, K. and Sachs, J. P.: Sea surface temperatures of southern
midlatitudes 0–160 kyr B.P., Paleoceanography, 21, PA2003,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2005pa001191, 2006.
Panitz, S., Cortese, G., Neil, H. L., and Diekmann, B.: A radiolarian-based
palaeoclimate history of Core Y9 (Northeast of Campbell Plateau, New Zealand)
for the last 160 kyr, Mar. Micropaleontol., 116, 1–14,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2014.12.003, 2015.
Parrenin, F., Barnola, J.-M., Beer, J., Blunier, T., Castellano, E.,
Chappellaz, J., Dreyfus, G., Fischer, H., Fujita, S., Jouzel, J., Kawamura,
K., Lemieux-Dudon, B., Loulergue, L., Masson-Delmotte, V., Narcisi, B.,
Petit, J.-R., Raisbeck, G., Raynaud, D., Ruth, U., Schwander, J., Severi, M.,
Spahni, R., Steffensen, J. P., Svensson, A., Udisti, R., Waelbroeck, C., and
Wolff, E.: The EDC3 chronology for the EPICA Dome C ice core, Clim. Past, 3,
485–497, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-3-485-2007, 2007.
Pedro, J. B., Bostock, H. C., Bitz, C. M., He, F., Vandergoes, M. J., Steig,
E. J., Chase, B. M., Krause, C. E., Rasmussen, S. O., Markle, B. R., and
Cortese, G.: The spatial extent and dynamics of the Antarctic Cold Reversal,
Nature Geosci., 9, 51–55, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2580, 2015.
Porter, S. C.: Equilibrium-line altitudes of Late Quaternary glaciers in
Southern Alps, New-Zealand, Quaternary Res., 5, 27–47,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(75)90047-2, 1975.
Prescott, J. R. and Hutton, J. T.: Cosmic ray contributions to dose rates for
luminescence and ESR dating: large depths and long-term time variations,
Radiat. Meas., 23, 497–500, 1994.
Putnam, A. E., Schaefer, J. M., Barrell, D. J. A., Vandergoes, M., Denton, G.
H., Kaplan, M. R., Finkel, R. C., Schwartz, R., Goehring, B. M., and Kelley,
S. E.: In situ cosmogenic 10Be production-rate calibration from the
Southern Alps, New Zealand, Quatern. Geochronol., 5, 392–409, 2010.
Quilty, P. G.: Origin and evolution of the sub-antarctic islands: the
foundation, Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania, 141,
35–58, 2007.
Ramsey, C. B.: Dealing with Outliers and Offsets in Radiocarbon Dating, 51,
1023–1045, 2009.
Roberts, R., Bird, M., Olley, J., Galbraith, R., Lawson, E., Laslett, G.,
Yoshida, H., Jones, R., Fullagar, R., and Jacobsen, G.: Optical and
radiocarbon dating at Jinmium rock shelter in northern Australia, Nature,
393, 358–362, 1998.
Roberts, R., Galbraith, R., Olley, J., Yoshida, H., and Laslett, G.: Optical
dating of single and multiple grains of quartz from Jinmium rock shelter,
northern Australia: part II, results and implications, Archaeometry, 41,
365–395, 1999.
Roberts, R. G., Galbraith, R., Yoshida, H., Laslett, G., and Olley, J. M.:
Distinguishing dose populations in sediment mixtures: a test of single-grain
optical dating procedures using mixtures of laboratory-dosed quartz, Radiat.
Meas., 32, 459–465, 2000.
Robinson, A., Calov, R., and Ganopolski, A.: An efficient regional
energy-moisture balance model for simulation of the Greenland Ice Sheet
response to climate change, The Cryosphere, 4, 129–144,
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-4-129-2010, 2010.
Roche, D. M., Crosta, X., and Renssen, H.: Evaluating Southern Ocean sea-ice
for the Last Glacial Maximum and pre-industrial climates: PMIP-2 models and
data evidence, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 56, 99–106,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.09.020, 2012.
Röthlisberger, R., Mudelsee, M., Bigler, M., de Angelis, M., Fischer, H.,
Hansson, M., Lambert, F., Masson-Delmotte, V., Sime, L., Udisti, R., and
Wolff, E. W.: The Southern Hemisphere at glacial terminations: insights from
the Dome C ice core, Clim. Past, 4, 345–356,
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-4-345-2008, 2008.
Smedley, R., Duller, G., Pearce, N., and Roberts, H.: Determining the
K-content of single-grains of feldspar for luminescence dating, Radiat.
Meas., 47, 790–796, 2012.
Steig, E. J., Schneider, D. P., Rutherford, S. D., Mann, M. E., Comiso, J.
C., and Shindell, D. T.: Warming of the Antarctic ice-sheet surface since the
1957 International Geophysical Year, Nature, 457, 459–462, 2009.
Summerhayes, C.: The marine geology of the Auckland Islands area, J. Roy.
Soc. New Zeal., 4,235–244, 1967.
Thiel, C., Buylaert, J.-P., Murray, A., Terhorst, B., Hofer, I., Tsukamoto,
S., and Frechen, M.: Luminescence dating of the Stratzing loess profile
(Austria)–Testing the potential of an elevated temperature post-IR IRSL
protocol, Quaternary Int., 234, 23–31, 2011.
Thomsen, K. J., Murray, A. S., Jain, M., and Bøtter-Jensen, L.: Laboratory
fading rates of various luminescence signals from feldspar-rich sediment
extracts, Radiat. Meas., 43, 1474–1486, 2008.
Thomsen, K. J., Murray, A. S., Buylaert, J.-P., Jain, M., Hansen, J., and
Aubry, T.: Testing single-grain quartz OSL methods using sediment samples
with independent age control from the Bordes-Fitte rockshelter (Roches
d'Abilly site, Central France), Quat. Geochronol., 31, 77–96, 2016.
Turney, C. S. and Jones, R. T.: Does the Agulhas Current amplify global
temperatures during super-interglacials?, J. Quaternary Sci., 25, 839–843,
2010.
Turney, C. S., Kershaw, A. P., Lowe, J. J., van der Kaars, S., Johnston, R.,
Rule, S., Moss, P., Radke, L., Tibby, J., and McGlone, M. S.: Climatic
variability in the southwest Pacific during the Last Termination
(20–10 kyr BP), Quaternary Sci. Rev., 25, 886–903, 2006.
Turney, C. S., Jones, R. T., Lister, D., Jones, P., Williams, A. N., Hogg,
A., Thomas, Z. A., Compo, G. P., Yin, X., and Fogwill, C. J.: Anomalous
mid-twentieth century atmospheric circulation change over the South Atlantic
compared to the last 6000 years, Environm. Res. Lett., 11, 64009–64022,
2016a.
Turney, C. S., McGlone, M., Palmer, J., Fogwill, C., Hogg, A., Thomas, Z. A.,
Lipson, M., Wilmshurst, J. M., Fenwick, P., Jones, R. T., Hines, B., and
Clark, G. F.: Intensification of Southern Hemisphere westerly winds
2000–1000 years ago: Evidence from the subantarctic Campbell and Auckland
Islands (52–50∘ S), J. Quaternary Sci., 31, 12–19,
https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.2828, 2016b.
Turney, C. S. M., Fogwill, C. J., Palmer, J. G., van Sebille, E., Thomas, Z.,
McGlone, M., Richardson, S., Wilmshurst, J. M., Fenwick, P., Zunz, V.,
Goosse, H., Wilson, K.-J., Carter, L., Lipson, M., Jones, R. T., Harsch, M.,
Clark, G., Marzinelli, E., Rogers, T., Rainsley, E., Ciasto, L., Waterman,
S., Thomas, E. R., and Visbeck, M.: Tropical forcing of increased Southern
Ocean climate variability revealed by a 140-year subantarctic temperature
reconstruction, Clim. Past, 13, 231–248,
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-231-2017, 2017.
Turney, C., Fogwill, C., and Rainsley, E.: Radiocarbon and pIRIR data from
the New Zealand subantarctic Islands, University of New South Wales, Dataset,
https://doi.org/10.26190/5c85c240cfa6e, 2018.
Van der Putten, N., Verbruggen, C., Ochyra, R., Verleyen, E., and Frenot, Y.:
Subantarctic flowering plants: pre-glacial survivors or post-glacial
immigrants?, J. Biogeogr., 37, 582–592, 2010.
WAIS Divide Project Members: Precise interpolar phasing of abrupt climate
change during the last ice age, Nature, 520, 661–665,
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14401, 2015.
Walker, M., Johnsen, S., Rasmussen, S. O., Popp, T., Steffensen, J.-P.,
Gibbard, P., Hoek, W., Lowe, J., Andrews, J., Bjorck, S., Cwynar, L. C.,
Hughen, K., Kershaw, P., Kromer, B., Litt, T., Lowe, D. J., Nakagawa, T.,
Newnham, R., and Schwander, J.: Formal definition and dating of the GSSP
(Global Stratotype Section and Point) for the base of the Holocene using the
Greenland NGRIP ice core, and selected auxiliary records, J. Quaternary Sci.,
24, 3–17, https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.1227, 2009.
Watson, E.: Two nivation cirques near Aberystwyth, Wales, Biuletyn
Peryglacjalny, 15, 79–101, 1966.
Williams, P. W., McGlone, M., Neil, H., and Zhao, J.-X.: A review of New
Zealand palaeoclimate from the Last Interglacial to the global Last Glacial
Maximum, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 110, 92–106,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.12.017, 2015.
Short summary
The New Zealand subantarctic islands, in the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean, provide valuable records of past environmental change. We find that the Auckland Islands hosted a small ice cap around 384 000 years ago, but that there was little glaciation during the Last Glacial Maximum, around 21 000 years ago, in contrast to mainland New Zealand. This shows that the climate here is susceptible to changes in regional factors such as sea-ice expanse and the position of ocean fronts.
The New Zealand subantarctic islands, in the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean, provide...
