Articles | Volume 21, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-211-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-211-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
28 Jan 2025
Research article |
| 28 Jan 2025
| 28 Jan 2025
A sub-fossil coral Sr∕Ca record documents northward shifts of the Tropical Convergence Zone in the eastern Indian Ocean
Miriam Pfeiffer
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Institute of Geosciences, Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany
Hideko Takayanagi
Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba 6-3, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
Advanced Institute for Marine Ecosystem Change (WPI-AIMEC), Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
Lars Reuning
Institute of Geosciences, Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany
Takaaki K. Watanabe
Institute of Geosciences, Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany
KIKAI Institute for Coral Reef Sciences, Kikai Town, Kagoshima, 891-6151, Japan
Saori Ito
Institute of Geosciences, Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany
Dieter Garbe-Schönberg
Institute of Geosciences, Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany
Tsuyoshi Watanabe
KIKAI Institute for Coral Reef Sciences, Kikai Town, Kagoshima, 891-6151, Japan
Department of Natural History Sciences, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN), Kyoto, 603-8047, Japan
Chung-Che Wu
College of Marine Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
Chuan-Chou Shen
Department of Geosciences, High-Precision Mass Spectrometry and Environment Change Laboratory (HISPEC), National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
Research Center for Future Earth, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
Jens Zinke
School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
Geert-Jan A. Brummer
Department of Ocean Systems, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), and Utrecht University, 1790 AB Den Burg, the Netherlands
Sri Yudawati Cahyarini
Res. Group of Paleoclimate & Paleoenvironment, Res. Centr. for Climate and Atmosphere, National Research and Innovations Agency (BRIN), Bandung, Republic of Indonesia
Data sets
Sub-fossil, monthly resolved coral Sr/Ca data from Enggano Island (Sumatra, Indonesia), spanning 1824-1862 and 1869-1918 Miriam Pfeiffer et al. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/40661
Short summary
A coral reconstruction of past climate shows changes in the seasonal cycle of sea surface temperature in the south-eastern tropical Indian Ocean. An enhanced seasonal cycle suggests that the tropical rainfall belt shifted northwards between 1856–1918. We explain this with greater warming in the north-eastern Indian Ocean relative to the south-east, which strengthens surface winds and coastal upwelling in the eastern Indian Ocean, leading to greater cooling south of the Equator.
A coral reconstruction of past climate shows changes in the seasonal cycle of sea surface...
