Investigating stable oxygen and carbon isotopic variability in speleothem records over the last millennium using multiple isotope-enabled climate models

Bühler, Janica C.; Axelsson, Josefine; Lechleitner, Franziska A.; Fohlmeister, Jens; LeGrande, Allegra N.; Midhun, Madhavan; Sjolte, Jesper; Werner, Martin; Yoshimura, Kei; Rehfeld, Kira

doi:https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1625-2022

Articles | Volume 18, issue 7

https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1625-2022

© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1625-2022

© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 18, issue 7

Research article

|

13 Jul 2022

Research article |

| 13 Jul 2022

Investigating stable oxygen and carbon isotopic variability in speleothem records over the last millennium using multiple isotope-enabled climate models

Janica C. Bühler, Josefine Axelsson, Franziska A. Lechleitner, Jens Fohlmeister, Allegra N. LeGrande, Madhavan Midhun, Jesper Sjolte, Martin Werner, Kei Yoshimura, and Kira Rehfeld

Supplement

https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1625-2022-supplement

Data sets

Monthly climate variables of isotope-enabled climate model simulations over the last millennium (850-1849CE) Janica C. Bühler, Josefine Axelsson, Kira Rehfeld, Allegra N. LeGrande, Madhavan Midhun, Jesper Sjolte, Martin Werner, and Kei Yoshimura https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6610684

SISAL (Speleothem Isotopes Synthesis and AnaLysis Working Group) database version 2.0 Laia Comas-Bru, Kamolphat Atsawawaranunt, Sandy Harrison, and SISAL working group members https://doi.org/10.17864/1947.256

Welcome to the tidyverse Hadley Wickham, Mara Averick, Jennifer Bryan, Winston Chang, Lucy D'Agostino McGowan, Romain François, Garrett Grolemund, Alex Hayes, Lionel Henry, Jim Hester, Max Kuhn, Thomas Lin Pedersen, Evan Miller, Stephan Milton Bache, Kirill Müller, Jeroen Ooms, David Robinson, Dana Paige Seidel, Vitalie Spinu, Kohske Takahashi, Davis Vaughan, Claus Wilke, Kara Woo, and Hiroaki Yutani https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.01686

ncdf4: Interface to Unidata netCDF (Version 4 or Earlier) Format Data Files David Pierce https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=ncdf4

raster: Geographic Data Analysis and Modeling Robert J. Hijmans https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=raster

ggplot2: Elegant Graphics for Data Analysis Hadley Wickham https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org

zoo: S3 Infrastructure for Regular and Irregular Time Series Achim Zeileis and Gabor Grothendieck https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v014.i06

The Split-Apply-Combine Strategy for Data Analysis Hadley Wickham https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v040.i01

dplyr: A Grammar of Data Manipulation Hadley Wickham, Romain François, Lionel Henry, and Kirill Müller https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=dplyr

A spectral approach to estimating the timescale-dependent uncertainty of paleoclimate records – Part 1: Theoretical concept (https://github.com/EarthSystemDiagnostics/PaleoSpec) Torben Kunz, Andrew M. Dolman, and Thomas Laepple https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-1469-2020

Model code and software

SISAL1k_MultiModel Janica C. Bühler and Josefine Axelsson https://github.com/paleovar/SISAL1k_MultiModel.git

Similarity estimators for irregular and age-uncertain time series (https://github.com/krehfeld/nest) Kira Rehfeld and Jürgen Kurths https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-107-2014

Short summary

We collected and standardized the output of five isotope-enabled simulations for the last millennium and assess differences and similarities to records from a global speleothem database. Modeled isotope variations mostly arise from temperature differences. While lower-resolution speleothems do not capture extreme changes to the extent of models, they show higher variability on multi-decadal timescales. As no model excels in all comparisons, we advise a multi-model approach where possible.