Climate of the Past
Climate of the Past
CP
Articles | Volume 16, issue 2
Articles | Volume 16, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-743-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-743-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 16, issue 2
Research article
 | 
22 Apr 2020
Research article |  | 22 Apr 2020

Teleconnections and relationship between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) in reconstructions and models over the past millennium

Christoph Dätwyler, Martin Grosjean, Nathan J. Steiger, and Raphael Neukom

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Cited articles

Abram, N. J., Mulvaney, R., Vimeux, F., Phipps, S. J., Turner, J., and England, M. H.: Evolution of the Southern Annular Mode during the past millennium, Nat. Clim. Change, 4, 564–569, https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2235, 2014. 
Barnston, A. G., Chelliah, M., and Goldenberg, S. B.: Documentation of a highly ENSO-related sst region in the equatorial pacific: Research note, Atmos.-Ocean, 35, 367–383, https://doi.org/10.1080/07055900.1997.9649597, 1997. 
Bradley, R. S., Diaz, H. F., Kiladis, G. N., and Eischeid, J. K.: ENSO signal in continental temperature and precipitation records, Nature, 327, 497–501, https://doi.org/10.1038/327497a0, 1987. 
Brönnimann, S., Xoplaki, E., Casty, C., Pauling, A., and Luterbacher, J.: ENSO influence on Europe during the last centuries, Clim. Dynam., 28, 181–197, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-006-0175-z, 2007. 
Cai, W., Sullivan, A., and Cowan, T.: Interactions of ENSO, the IOD, and the SAM in CMIP3 Models, J. Climate, 24, 1688–1704, https://doi.org/10.1175/2010JCLI3744.1, 2010. 
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The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Southern Annular Mode (SAM) are two important modes of climate variability, strongly influencing climate across the tropics and Southern Hemisphere mid- to high latitudes. This study sheds light on their relationship over the past millennium, combining evidence from palaeoclimate proxy archives and climate models. We show that their indices were mostly negatively correlated with fluctuations likely driven by internal variability in the climate system.
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