Articles | Volume 16, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-743-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-743-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Teleconnections and relationship between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) in reconstructions and models over the past millennium
Christoph Dätwyler
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Institute of Geography and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change
Research, University of Bern, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
Martin Grosjean
Institute of Geography and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change
Research, University of Bern, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
Nathan J. Steiger
Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY,
USA
Raphael Neukom
Institute of Geography and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change
Research, University of Bern, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
Department of Geosciences, University of Fribourg, Fribourg,
Switzerland
Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Latest update: 22 Nov 2024
Short summary
The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Southern Annular Mode (SAM) are two important modes of climate variability, strongly influencing climate across the tropics and Southern Hemisphere mid- to high latitudes. This study sheds light on their relationship over the past millennium, combining evidence from palaeoclimate proxy archives and climate models. We show that their indices were mostly negatively correlated with fluctuations likely driven by internal variability in the climate system.
The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Southern Annular Mode (SAM) are two important modes...