Articles | Volume 15, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-73-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-73-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| Highlight paper
| 
15 Jan 2019
Research article | Highlight paper |
| 15 Jan 2019
| 15 Jan 2019
Indian winter and summer monsoon strength over the 4.2 ka BP event in foraminifer isotope records from the Indus River delta in the Arabian Sea
Godwin Laboratory for Palaeoclimate Research, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EQ, UK
Michael Staubwasser
Institute for Geology and Mineralogy, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Str. 49a, 50674 Cologne, Germany
Cameron A. Petrie
Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3DZ, UK
David A. Hodell
Godwin Laboratory for Palaeoclimate Research, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EQ, UK
Related authors
Stuart Umbo, Franziska Lechleitner, Thomas Opel, Sevasti Modestou, Tobias Braun, Anton Vaks, Gideon Henderson, Pete Scott, Alexander Osintzev, Alexandr Kononov, Irina Adrian, Yuri Dublyansky, Alena Giesche, and Sebastian Breitenbach
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1691, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1691, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We use cave rocks to reconstruct northern Siberian climate 8.68 ± 0.09 million years ago. We show that when global average temperature was about 4.5 °C warmer than today (similar to what’s expected in the coming decades should carbon emissions continue unabated), Arctic temperature increased by more than 18 °C. Similar levels of Arctic warming in the future would see huge areas of permafrost (permanently frozen ground) thaw and release greenhouse gases to the atmosphere.
Jade Margerum, Julia Homann, Stuart Umbo, Gernot Nehrke, Thorsten Hoffmann, Anton Vaks, Aleksandr Kononov, Alexander Osintsev, Alena Giesche, Andrew Mason, Franziska A. Lechleitner, Gideon M. Henderson, Ola Kwiecien, and Sebastian F. M. Breitenbach
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1707, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1707, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We analyse a southern Siberian stalagmite to reconstruct soil respiration, wildfire, and vegetation trends, during the last interglacial (LIG) (124.1 – 118.8 ka BP) and Holocene (10 – 0 ka BP). We show that wildfires were greater during the LIG than the Holocene and were supported by fire prone-species, low soil respiration, and a greater difference between summer and winter temperature. We show that vegetation type and summer/winter temperature contrast are strong drivers of Siberian wildfires.
Susann Henkel, Bo Liu, Michael Staubwasser, Simone A. Kasemann, Anette Meixner, David Aromokeye, Michael W. Friedrich, and Sabine Kasten
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1942, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1942, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We intend to unravel iron (Fe) reduction pathways in high depositional methanic sediments because pools of Fe minerals could stimulate methane oxidation, but also generation. Our data from the North Sea indicate that Fe release takes place mechanistically different to Fe reduction in shallow sediments that typically fractionates Fe isotopes. We conclude that fermentation of organic matter involving interspecies electron transfer, partly through conductive Fe oxides, could play an important role.
Stuart Umbo, Franziska Lechleitner, Thomas Opel, Sevasti Modestou, Tobias Braun, Anton Vaks, Gideon Henderson, Pete Scott, Alexander Osintzev, Alexandr Kononov, Irina Adrian, Yuri Dublyansky, Alena Giesche, and Sebastian Breitenbach
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1691, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1691, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We use cave rocks to reconstruct northern Siberian climate 8.68 ± 0.09 million years ago. We show that when global average temperature was about 4.5 °C warmer than today (similar to what’s expected in the coming decades should carbon emissions continue unabated), Arctic temperature increased by more than 18 °C. Similar levels of Arctic warming in the future would see huge areas of permafrost (permanently frozen ground) thaw and release greenhouse gases to the atmosphere.
Jade Margerum, Julia Homann, Stuart Umbo, Gernot Nehrke, Thorsten Hoffmann, Anton Vaks, Aleksandr Kononov, Alexander Osintsev, Alena Giesche, Andrew Mason, Franziska A. Lechleitner, Gideon M. Henderson, Ola Kwiecien, and Sebastian F. M. Breitenbach
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1707, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1707, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We analyse a southern Siberian stalagmite to reconstruct soil respiration, wildfire, and vegetation trends, during the last interglacial (LIG) (124.1 – 118.8 ka BP) and Holocene (10 – 0 ka BP). We show that wildfires were greater during the LIG than the Holocene and were supported by fire prone-species, low soil respiration, and a greater difference between summer and winter temperature. We show that vegetation type and summer/winter temperature contrast are strong drivers of Siberian wildfires.
Julia Homann, Niklas Karbach, Stacy A. Carolin, Daniel H. James, David Hodell, Sebastian F. M. Breitenbach, Ola Kwiecien, Mark Brenner, Carlos Peraza Lope, and Thorsten Hoffmann
Biogeosciences, 20, 3249–3260, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3249-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3249-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Cave stalagmites contain substances that can be used to reconstruct past changes in local and regional environmental conditions. We used two classes of biomarkers (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and monosaccharide anhydrides) to detect the presence of fire and to also explore changes in fire regime (e.g. fire frequency, intensity, and fuel source). We tested our new method on a stalagmite from Mayapan, a large Maya city on the Yucatán Peninsula.
Rodrigo Martínez-Abarca, Michelle Abstein, Frederik Schenk, David Hodell, Philipp Hoelzmann, Mark Brenner, Steffen Kutterolf, Sergio Cohuo, Laura Macario-González, Mona Stockhecke, Jason Curtis, Flavio S. Anselmetti, Daniel Ariztegui, Thomas Guilderson, Alexander Correa-Metrio, Thorsten Bauersachs, Liseth Pérez, and Antje Schwalb
Clim. Past, 19, 1409–1434, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-1409-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-1409-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Lake Petén Itzá, northern Guatemala, is one of the oldest lakes in the northern Neotropics. In this study, we analyzed geochemical and mineralogical data to decipher the hydrological response of the lake to climate and environmental changes between 59 and 15 cal ka BP. We also compare the response of Petén Itzá with other regional records to discern the possible climate forcings that influenced them. Short-term climate oscillations such as Greenland interstadials and stadials are also detected.
David A. Hodell, Simon J. Crowhurst, Lucas Lourens, Vasiliki Margari, John Nicolson, James E. Rolfe, Luke C. Skinner, Nicola C. Thomas, Polychronis C. Tzedakis, Maryline J. Mleneck-Vautravers, and Eric W. Wolff
Clim. Past, 19, 607–636, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-607-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-607-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We produced a 1.5-million-year-long history of climate change at International Ocean Discovery Program Site U1385 of the Iberian margin, a well-known location for rapidly accumulating sediments on the seafloor. Our record demonstrates that longer-term orbital changes in Earth's climate were persistently overprinted by abrupt millennial-to-centennial climate variability. The occurrence of abrupt climate change is modulated by the slower variations in Earth's orbit and climate background state.
Eric W. Wolff, Hubertus Fischer, Tas van Ommen, and David A. Hodell
Clim. Past, 18, 1563–1577, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1563-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1563-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Projects are underway to drill ice cores in Antarctica reaching 1.5 Myr back in time. Dating such cores will be challenging. One method is to match records from the new core against datasets from existing marine sediment cores. Here we explore the options for doing this and assess how well the ice and marine records match over the existing 800 000-year time period. We are able to recommend a strategy for using marine data to place an age scale on the new ice cores.
Rebecca C. Roberts, Junaid Abdul Jabbar, Huw Jones, Hector A. Orengo, Marco Madella, and Cameron A. Petrie
Abstr. Int. Cartogr. Assoc., 3, 250, https://doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-3-250-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-3-250-2021, 2021
Jean-Philippe Baudouin, Michael Herzog, and Cameron A. Petrie
Weather Clim. Dynam., 2, 1187–1207, https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-2-1187-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-2-1187-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Western disturbances are mid-latitude, high-altitude, low-pressure areas that bring orographic precipitation into the Upper Indus Basin. Using statistical tools, we show that the interaction between western disturbances and relief explains the near-surface, cross-barrier wind activity. We also reveal the existence of a moisture pathway from the nearby seas. Overall, we offer a conceptual framework for western-disturbance activity, particularly in terms of precipitation.
Anna Joy Drury, Diederik Liebrand, Thomas Westerhold, Helen M. Beddow, David A. Hodell, Nina Rohlfs, Roy H. Wilkens, Mitchell Lyle, David B. Bell, Dick Kroon, Heiko Pälike, and Lucas J. Lourens
Clim. Past, 17, 2091–2117, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2091-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2091-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We use the first high-resolution southeast Atlantic carbonate record to see how climate dynamics evolved since 30 million years ago (Ma). During ~ 30–13 Ma, eccentricity (orbital circularity) paced carbonate deposition. After the mid-Miocene Climate Transition (~ 14 Ma), precession (Earth's tilt direction) increasingly drove carbonate variability. In the latest Miocene (~ 8 Ma), obliquity (Earth's tilt) pacing appeared, signalling increasing high-latitude influence.
Claudia Voigt, Daniel Herwartz, Cristina Dorador, and Michael Staubwasser
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 1211–1228, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-1211-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-1211-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Evaporation trends in the stable isotope composition (18O/16O, 17O/16O, 2H/1H) of throughflow ponds in a hydrologically complex and seasonally dynamic lake system can be reliably predicted by the classic Craig–Gordon isotope evaporation model. We demonstrate that the novel 17O-excess parameter is capable of resolving different types of evaporation with and without recharge and of identifying mixing processes that cannot be resolved using the classic δ2H–δ18O system alone.
Cinthya Nava-Fernandez, Adam Hartland, Fernando Gázquez, Ola Kwiecien, Norbert Marwan, Bethany Fox, John Hellstrom, Andrew Pearson, Brittany Ward, Amanda French, David A. Hodell, Adrian Immenhauser, and Sebastian F. M. Breitenbach
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 3361–3380, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3361-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3361-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Speleothems are powerful archives of past climate for understanding modern local hydrology and its relation to regional circulation patterns. We use a 3-year monitoring dataset to test the sensitivity of Waipuna Cave to seasonal changes and El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) dynamics. Drip water data suggest a fast response to rainfall events; its elemental composition reflects a seasonal cycle and ENSO variability. Waipuna Cave speleothems have a high potential for past ENSO reconstructions.
Jean-Philippe Baudouin, Michael Herzog, and Cameron A. Petrie
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 427–450, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-427-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-427-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The amount of precipitation falling in the Indus River basin remains uncertain while its variability impacts 100 million inhabitants. A comparison of datasets from diverse sources (ground remote observations, model outputs) reduces this uncertainty significantly. Grounded observations offer the most reliable long-term variability but with important underestimation in winter over the mountains. By contrast, recent model outputs offer better estimations of total amount and short-term variability.
Anna Joy Drury, Thomas Westerhold, David Hodell, and Ursula Röhl
Clim. Past, 14, 321–338, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-321-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-321-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
North Atlantic Site 982 is key to our understanding of climate evolution over the past 12 million years. However, the stratigraphy and age model are unverified. We verify the composite splice using XRF core scanning data and establish a revised benthic foraminiferal stable isotope astrochronology from 8.0–4.5 million years ago. Our new stratigraphy accurately correlates the Atlantic and the Mediterranean and suggests a connection between late Miocene cooling and dynamic ice sheet expansion.
David A. Hodell and James E. T. Channell
Clim. Past, 12, 1805–1828, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-1805-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-1805-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
For the past 2.7 million years the Earth's climate has switched more than 50 times between a cold glacial and warm interglacial state. We found the trend towards larger ice sheets over the past 2.7 million years was accompanied by changes in the style, frequency, and intensity of shorter-term (millennial) variability. We suggest the interaction between millennial climate change and longer-term variations in the Earth's orbit may be important for explaining the patterns of Quaternary climate.
V. Drăguşin, M. Staubwasser, D. L. Hoffmann, V. Ersek, B. P. Onac, and D. Veres
Clim. Past, 10, 1363–1380, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1363-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1363-2014, 2014
D. A. Hodell, L. Lourens, D. A. V. Stow, J. Hernández-Molina, C. A. Alvarez Zarikian, and the Shackleton Site Project Members
Sci. Dril., 16, 13–19, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-16-13-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-16-13-2013, 2013
D. Liebrand, L. J. Lourens, D. A. Hodell, B. de Boer, R. S. W. van de Wal, and H. Pälike
Clim. Past, 7, 869–880, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-7-869-2011, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-7-869-2011, 2011
Related subject area
Subject: Ocean Dynamics | Archive: Marine Archives | Timescale: Holocene
Response of biological productivity to North Atlantic marine front migration during the Holocene
Sea surface temperature in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean over the Late Glacial and Holocene
Surface and subsurface Labrador Shelf water mass conditions during the last 6000 years
Reconstruction of Holocene oceanographic conditions in eastern Baffin Bay
Multiproxy evidence of the Neoglacial expansion of Atlantic Water to eastern Svalbard
Is there evidence for a 4.2 ka BP event in the northern North Atlantic region?
Holocene hydrography evolution in the Alboran Sea: a multi-record and multi-proxy comparison
Influence of the North Atlantic subpolar gyre circulation on the 4.2 ka BP event
The 4.2 ka event, ENSO, and coral reef development
Neoglacial climate anomalies and the Harappan metamorphosis
Atlantic Water advection vs. glacier dynamics in northern Spitsbergen since early deglaciation
Holocene dynamics in the Bering Strait inflow to the Arctic and the Beaufort Gyre circulation based on sedimentary records from the Chukchi Sea
Post-glacial flooding of the Bering Land Bridge dated to 11 cal ka BP based on new geophysical and sediment records
Southern Hemisphere anticyclonic circulation drives oceanic and climatic conditions in late Holocene southernmost Africa
Holocene evolution of the North Atlantic subsurface transport
Changes in Holocene meridional circulation and poleward Atlantic flow: the Bay of Biscay as a nodal point
Hydrological variations of the intermediate water masses of the western Mediterranean Sea during the past 20 ka inferred from neodymium isotopic composition in foraminifera and cold-water corals
Sea surface temperature variability in the central-western Mediterranean Sea during the last 2700 years: a multi-proxy and multi-record approach
Carbon isotope (δ13C) excursions suggest times of major methane release during the last 14 kyr in Fram Strait, the deep-water gateway to the Arctic
Late Weichselian and Holocene palaeoceanography of Storfjordrenna, southern Svalbard
Implication of methodological uncertainties for mid-Holocene sea surface temperature reconstructions
The role of the northward-directed (sub)surface limb of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation during the 8.2 ka event
Reconstruction of Atlantic water variability during the Holocene in the western Barents Sea
Northward advection of Atlantic water in the eastern Nordic Seas over the last 3000 yr
Controls of Caribbean surface hydrology during the mid- to late Holocene: insights from monthly resolved coral records
Paleohydrology reconstruction and Holocene climate variability in the South Adriatic Sea
David J. Harning, Anne E. Jennings, Denizcan Köseoğlu, Simon T. Belt, Áslaug Geirsdóttir, and Julio Sepúlveda
Clim. Past, 17, 379–396, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-379-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-379-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Today, the waters north of Iceland are characterized by high productivity that supports a diverse food web. However, it is not known how this may change and impact Iceland's economy with future climate change. Therefore, we explored how the local productivity has changed in the past 8000 years through fossil and biogeochemical indicators preserved in Icelandic marine mud. We show that this productivity relies on the mixing of Atlantic and Arctic waters, which migrate north under warming.
Lisa Claire Orme, Xavier Crosta, Arto Miettinen, Dmitry V. Divine, Katrine Husum, Elisabeth Isaksson, Lukas Wacker, Rahul Mohan, Olivier Ther, and Minoru Ikehara
Clim. Past, 16, 1451–1467, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-1451-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-1451-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
A record of past sea temperature in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean, spanning the last 14 200 years, has been developed by analysis of fossil diatoms in marine sediment. During the late deglaciation the reconstructed temperature changes were highly similar to those over Antarctica, most likely due to a reorganisation of global ocean and atmospheric circulation. During the last 11 600 years temperatures gradually cooled and became increasingly variable.
Annalena A. Lochte, Ralph Schneider, Markus Kienast, Janne Repschläger, Thomas Blanz, Dieter Garbe-Schönberg, and Nils Andersen
Clim. Past, 16, 1127–1143, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-1127-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-1127-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The Labrador Sea is important for the modern global thermohaline circulation system through the formation of Labrador Sea Water. However, the role of the southward flowing Labrador Current in Labrador Sea convection is still debated. In order to better assess its role in deep-water formation and climate variability, we present high-resolution mid- to late Holocene records of sea surface and bottom water temperatures, freshening, and sea ice cover on the Labrador Shelf during the last 6000 years.
Katrine Elnegaard Hansen, Jacques Giraudeau, Lukas Wacker, Christof Pearce, and Marit-Solveig Seidenkrantz
Clim. Past, 16, 1075–1095, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-1075-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-1075-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we present RainNet, a deep convolutional neural network for radar-based precipitation nowcasting, which was trained to predict continuous precipitation intensities at a lead time of 5 min. RainNet significantly outperformed the benchmark models at all lead times up to 60 min. Yet an undesirable property of RainNet predictions is the level of spatial smoothing. Obviously, RainNet learned an optimal level of smoothing to produce a nowcast at 5 min lead time.
Joanna Pawłowska, Magdalena Łącka, Małgorzata Kucharska, Jan Pawlowski, and Marek Zajączkowski
Clim. Past, 16, 487–501, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-487-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-487-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Paleoceanographic changes in Storfjorden during the Neoglacial (the last
4000 years) were reconstructed based on microfossil and ancient DNA records. Environmental changes were steered mainly by the interaction between the inflow of Atlantic Water (AW) and sea ice cover. Warming periods were associated with AW inflow and sea ice melting, stimulating primary production. The cold phases were characterized by densely packed sea ice, resulting in limited productivity.
Raymond S. Bradley and Jostein Bakke
Clim. Past, 15, 1665–1676, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-1665-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-1665-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We review paleoceanographic and paleoclimatic records from the northern North Atlantic to assess the nature of climatic conditions at 4.2 ka BP. There was a general decline in temperatures after ~ 5 ka BP, which led to the onset of neoglaciation. Although a few records do show a distinct anomaly around 4.2 ka BP (associated with a glacial advance), this is not widespread and we interpret it as a local manifestation of the overall climatic deterioration that characterized the late Holocene.
Albert Català, Isabel Cacho, Jaime Frigola, Leopoldo D. Pena, and Fabrizio Lirer
Clim. Past, 15, 927–942, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-927-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-927-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We present a new high-resolution sea surface temperature (SST) reconstruction for the Holocene (last 11 700 years) in the westernmost Mediterranean Sea. We identify three sub-periods: the Early Holocene with warmest SST; the Middle Holocene with a cooling trend ending at 4200 years, which is identified as a double peak cooling event that marks the transition between the Middle and Late Holocene; and the Late Holocene with very different behaviour in both long- and short-term SST variability.
Bassem Jalali, Marie-Alexandrine Sicre, Julien Azuara, Violaine Pellichero, and Nathalie Combourieu-Nebout
Clim. Past, 15, 701–711, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-701-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-701-2019, 2019
Lauren T. Toth and Richard B. Aronson
Clim. Past, 15, 105–119, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-105-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-105-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We explore the hypothesis that a shift in global climate 4200 years ago (the 4.2 ka event) was related to the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). We summarize records of coral reef development in the tropical eastern Pacific, where intensification of ENSO stalled reef growth for 2500 years starting around 4.2 ka. Because corals are highly sensitive to climatic changes, like ENSO, we suggest that records from coral reefs may provide important clues about the role of ENSO in the 4.2 ka event.
Liviu Giosan, William D. Orsi, Marco Coolen, Cornelia Wuchter, Ann G. Dunlea, Kaustubh Thirumalai, Samuel E. Munoz, Peter D. Clift, Jeffrey P. Donnelly, Valier Galy, and Dorian Q. Fuller
Clim. Past, 14, 1669–1686, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-1669-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-1669-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Climate reorganization during the early neoglacial anomaly (ENA) may explain the Harappan civilization metamorphosis from an urban, expansive culture to a rural, geographically-confined one. Landcover change is a candidate for causing this climate instability. During ENA agriculture along the flood-deficient floodplains of the Indus became too risky, which pushed people out. In the same time the Himalayan piedmont received augmented winter rain and steady summer precipitation, pulling people in.
Martin Bartels, Jürgen Titschack, Kirsten Fahl, Rüdiger Stein, Marit-Solveig Seidenkrantz, Claude Hillaire-Marcel, and Dierk Hebbeln
Clim. Past, 13, 1717–1749, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-1717-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-1717-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Multi-proxy analyses (i.a., benthic foraminiferal assemblages and sedimentary properties) of a marine record from Woodfjorden at the northern Svalbard margin (Norwegian Arctic) illustrate a significant contribution of relatively warm Atlantic water to the destabilization of tidewater glaciers, especially during the deglaciation and early Holocene (until ~ 7800 years ago), whereas its influence on glacier activity has been fading during the last 2 millennia, enabling glacier readvances.
Masanobu Yamamoto, Seung-Il Nam, Leonid Polyak, Daisuke Kobayashi, Kenta Suzuki, Tomohisa Irino, and Koji Shimada
Clim. Past, 13, 1111–1127, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-1111-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-1111-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Based on mineral records from the northern Chukchi Sea, we report a long-term decline in the Beaufort Gyre (BG) strength during the Holocene, consistent with a decrease in summer insolation. Multi-centennial variability in BG circulation is consistent with fluctuations in solar irradiance. The Bering Strait inflow shows intensification during the middle Holocene, associated with sea-ice retreat and an increase in marine production in the Chukchi Sea, which is attributed to a weaker Aleutian Low.
Martin Jakobsson, Christof Pearce, Thomas M. Cronin, Jan Backman, Leif G. Anderson, Natalia Barrientos, Göran Björk, Helen Coxall, Agatha de Boer, Larry A. Mayer, Carl-Magnus Mörth, Johan Nilsson, Jayne E. Rattray, Christian Stranne, Igor Semiletov, and Matt O'Regan
Clim. Past, 13, 991–1005, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-991-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-991-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The Arctic and Pacific oceans are connected by the presently ~53 m deep Bering Strait. During the last glacial period when the sea level was lower than today, the Bering Strait was exposed. Humans and animals could then migrate between Asia and North America across the formed land bridge. From analyses of sediment cores and geophysical mapping data from Herald Canyon north of the Bering Strait, we show that the land bridge was flooded about 11 000 years ago.
Annette Hahn, Enno Schefuß, Sergio Andò, Hayley C. Cawthra, Peter Frenzel, Martin Kugel, Stephanie Meschner, Gesine Mollenhauer, and Matthias Zabel
Clim. Past, 13, 649–665, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-649-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-649-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Our study demonstrates that a source to sink analysis in the Gouritz catchment can be used to obtain valuable paleoclimatic information form the year-round rainfall zone. In combination with SST reconstructions these data are a valuable contribution to the discussion of Southern Hemisphere palaeoenvironments and climate variability (in particular atmosphere–ocean circulation and hydroclimate change) in the South African Holocene.
Janne Repschläger, Dieter Garbe-Schönberg, Mara Weinelt, and Ralph Schneider
Clim. Past, 13, 333–344, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-333-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-333-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We reconstruct changes in the warm water transport from the subtropical to the subpolar North Atlantic over the last 10 000 years. We use stable isotope and Mg / Ca ratios measured on surface and subsurface dwelling foraminifera. Results indicate an overall stable warm water transport at surface. The northward transport at subsurface evolves stepwise and stabilizes at 7 ka BP on the modern mode. These ocean transport changes seem to be controlled by the meltwater inflow into the North Atlantic.
Yannick Mary, Frédérique Eynaud, Christophe Colin, Linda Rossignol, Sandra Brocheray, Meryem Mojtahid, Jennifer Garcia, Marion Peral, Hélène Howa, Sébastien Zaragosi, and Michel Cremer
Clim. Past, 13, 201–216, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-201-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-201-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
In the boreal Atlantic, the subpolar and subtropical gyres (SPG and STG respectively) are key elements of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) cell and contribute to climate modulations over Europe. Here we document the last 10 kyr evolution of sea-surface temperatures over the North Atlantic with a focus on new data obtained from an exceptional sedimentary archive retrieved the southern Bay of Biscay, enabling the study of Holocene archives at (infra)centennial scales.
Quentin Dubois-Dauphin, Paolo Montagna, Giuseppe Siani, Eric Douville, Claudia Wienberg, Dierk Hebbeln, Zhifei Liu, Nejib Kallel, Arnaud Dapoigny, Marie Revel, Edwige Pons-Branchu, Marco Taviani, and Christophe Colin
Clim. Past, 13, 17–37, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-17-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-17-2017, 2017
Mercè Cisneros, Isabel Cacho, Jaime Frigola, Miquel Canals, Pere Masqué, Belen Martrat, Marta Casado, Joan O. Grimalt, Leopoldo D. Pena, Giulia Margaritelli, and Fabrizio Lirer
Clim. Past, 12, 849–869, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-849-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-849-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
We present a high-resolution multi-proxy study about the evolution of sea surface conditions along the last 2700 yr in the north-western Mediterranean Sea based on five sediment records from two different sites north of Minorca. The novelty of the results and the followed approach, constructing stack records from the studied proxies to preserve the most robust patterns, provides a special value to the study. This complex period appears to have significant regional changes in the climatic signal.
C. Consolaro, T. L. Rasmussen, G. Panieri, J. Mienert, S. Bünz, and K. Sztybor
Clim. Past, 11, 669–685, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-669-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-669-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
A sediment core collected from a pockmark field on the Vestnesa Ridge (~80N) in the Fram Strait is presented. Our results show an undisturbed sedimentary record for the last 14 ka BP and negative carbon isotope excursions (CIEs) during the Bølling-Allerød interstadials and during the early Holocene. Both CIEs relate to periods of ocean warming, sea-level rise and increased concentrations of methane (CH4) in the atmosphere, suggesting an apparent correlation with warm climatic events.
M. Łącka, M. Zajączkowski, M. Forwick, and W. Szczuciński
Clim. Past, 11, 587–603, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-587-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-587-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Storfjordrenna was deglaciated about 13,950 cal yr BP. During the transition from the sub-glacial to glaciomarine setting, Arctic Waters dominated its hydrography. However, the waters were not uniformly cold and experienced several warmer spells. Atlantic Water began to flow onto the shelves off Svalbard and into Storfjorden during the early Holocene, leading to progressive warming and significant glacial melting. A surface-water cooling and freshening occurred in late Holocene.
I. Hessler, S. P. Harrison, M. Kucera, C. Waelbroeck, M.-T. Chen, C. Anderson, A. de Vernal, B. Fréchette, A. Cloke-Hayes, G. Leduc, and L. Londeix
Clim. Past, 10, 2237–2252, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-2237-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-2237-2014, 2014
A. D. Tegzes, E. Jansen, and R. J. Telford
Clim. Past, 10, 1887–1904, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1887-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1887-2014, 2014
D. E. Groot, S. Aagaard-Sørensen, and K. Husum
Clim. Past, 10, 51–62, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-51-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-51-2014, 2014
C. V. Dylmer, J. Giraudeau, F. Eynaud, K. Husum, and A. De Vernal
Clim. Past, 9, 1505–1518, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-1505-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-1505-2013, 2013
C. Giry, T. Felis, M. Kölling, W. Wei, G. Lohmann, and S. Scheffers
Clim. Past, 9, 841–858, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-841-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-841-2013, 2013
G. Siani, M. Magny, M. Paterne, M. Debret, and M. Fontugne
Clim. Past, 9, 499–515, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-499-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-499-2013, 2013
Cited articles
Agrawal, D. P.: The Indus Civilization: an interdisciplinary perspective,
Aryan Books International, New Delhi, India, 2007.
Ahmad, N., Mohammad, A., and Khan, S. T.: Country Report on Water resources
of Pakistan, in: South Asia Water Balance Workshop, 30 April–2 May 2001, San
Diego, California, USA, Hansen Institute for World Peace, 2001.
Banse, K.: Overview of the hydrography and associated biological phenomena in
the Arabian Sea off Pakistan, in Marine Geology and Oceanography of the
Arabian Sea and Coastal Pakistan, edited by: Haq, B. U. and Milliman, J. D.,
Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, USA, 273–301, 1984.
Bar-Matthews, M. and Ayalon, A.: Mid-Holocene climate variations revealed by
high-resolution speleothem records from Soreq Cave, Israel and their
correlation with cultural changes, Holocene, 21, 163–171, 2011.
Bar-Matthews, M., Ayalon, A., Gilmour, M., Matthews, A., and Hawkesworth, C.
J.: Sea–land oxygen isotopic relationships from planktonic foraminifera and
speleothems in the Eastern Mediterranean region and their implication for
paleorainfall during interglacial intervals, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 67,
3181–3199, 2003.
Bé, A. W. and Hutson, W. H.: Ecology of planktonic foraminifera and
biogeographic patterns of life and fossil assemblages in the Indian Ocean,
Micropaleontology, 23, 369–414, 1977.
Bemis, B. E., Spero, H. J., Bijma, J., and Lea, D. W.: Reevaluation of the
oxygen isotopic composition of planktonic foraminifera: Experimental results
and revised paleotemperature equations, Paleoceanography, 13, 150–160, 1998.
Berkelhammer, M., Sinha, A., Stott, L., Cheng, H., Pausata, F. S., and
Yoshimura, K.: An abrupt shift in the Indian monsoon 4000 years ago, Geophys.
Monogr. Ser, 198, 75–87, 2012.
Billups, K., Ravelo, A. C., Zachos, J. C., and Norris, R. D.: Link between
oceanic heat transport, thermohaline circulation, and the Intertropical
Convergence Zone in the early Pliocene Atlantic, Geology, 27, 319–322, 1999.
Blaauw, M. and Christen, J. A.: Flexible paleoclimate age-depth models using
an autoregressive gamma process, Bayesian Anal., 6, 457–474, 2011.
Cannariato, K. G. and Ravelo, A. C.: Pliocene-Pleistocene evolution of
eastern tropical Pacific surface water circulation and thermocline depth,
Paleoceanography, 12, 805–820, https://doi.org/10.1029/97PA02514, 1997.
Cayre, O. and Bassinot, F.: Oxygen isotope composition of planktonic
foraminiferal shells over the Indian Ocean: calibration to modern
oceanographic data, Mineral. Mag., 62, 288–289, 1998.
Chaudhuri, P. and Marron, J. S.: SiZer for exploration of structures in
curves, J. Am. Stat. Assoc., 94, 807–823, 1999.
Cheng, H., Sinha, A., Verheyden, S., Nader, F. H., Li, X. L., Zhang, P. Z.,
Yin, J. J., Yi, L., Peng., Y. B., Rao, Z. G., Ning, Y. F., and Edwards, R.
L.: The climate variability in northern Levant over the past 20,000 years,
Geophys. Res. Lett., 42, 8641–8650, 2015.
Cullen, H. M., deMenocal, P. B., Hemming, S., Hemming, G., Brown, F. H.,
Guilderson, T., and Sirocko, F.: Climate change and the collapse of the
Akkadian empire: Evidence from the deep sea, Geology, 28, 379–382, 2000.
Curry, W. B., Ostermann, D. R., Guptha, M. V. S., and Ittekkot, V.:
Foraminiferal production and monsoonal upwelling in the Arabian Sea: evidence
from sediment traps, Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., 64, 93–106, 1992.
Dahl, K. A. and Oppo, D. W.: Sea surface temperature pattern reconstructions
in the Arabian Sea, Paleoceanography, 21, PA1014, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005PA001162,
2006.
Deotare, B. C., Kajale, M. D., Rajaguru, S. N., Kusumgar, S., Jull, A. J. T.,
and Donahue, J. D.: Palaeoenvironmental history of Bap-Malar and Kanod playas
of western Rajasthan, Thar desert, J. Earth Syst. Sci., 113, 403–425, 2004.
Dimri, A. P.: Surface and upper air fields during extreme winter
precipitation over the western Himalayas, Pure Appl. Geophys., 163,
1679–1698, 2006.
Dimri, A. P. and Dash, S. K.: Wintertime climatic trends in the western
Himalayas, Climatic Change, 111, 775–800, 2012.
Dixit, Y., Hodell, D. A., and Petrie, C. A.: Abrupt weakening of the summer
monsoon in northwest India ∼4100 yr ago, Geology, 42, 339–342, 2014.
Dixit, Y., Hodell, D. A., Giesche, A., Tandon, S. K., Gázquez, F., Saini,
H. S., Skinner, L. C., Mujtaba, S. A. I., Pawar, V., Singh, R. N., and
Petrie, C. A.: Intensified summer monsoon and the urbanization of Indus
Civilization in northwest India, Sci. Rep., 8, 4225,
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-22504-5, 2018.
Doose-Rolinski, H., Rogalla, U., Scheeder, G., Lückge, A., and Rad, U.:
High-resolution temperature and evaporation changes during the late Holocene
in the northeastern Arabian Sea, Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 16,
358–367, 2001.
Duplessy, J. C., Labeyrie, L., Arnold, M., Paterne, M., Duprat, J., and van
Weering, T. C.: Changes in surface salinity of the North Atlantic Ocean
during the last deglaciation, Nature, 358, 485–488, https://doi.org/10.1038/358485a0,
1992.
Enzel, Y., Ely, L. L., Mishra, S., Ramesh, R., Amit, R., Lazar, B., Rajaguru,
S. N., Baker, V. R., and Sandler, A.: High-resolution Holocene environmental
changes in the Thar Desert, northwestern India, Science, 284, 125–128, 1999.
Farmer, E. C., Kaplan, A., de Menocal, P. B., and Lynch-Stieglitz, J.:
Corroborating ecological depth preferences of planktonic foraminifera in the
tropical Atlantic with the stable oxygen isotope ratios of core top
specimens, Paleoceanography, 22, PA3205, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006PA001361, 2007.
Finné, M., Holmgren, K., Sundqvist, H. S., Weiberg, E., and Lindblom, M.:
Climate in the eastern Mediterranean, and adjacent regions, during the past
6000 years – A review, J. Archaeol. Sci., 38, 3153–3173, 2011.
Fleitmann, D., Burns, S. J., Mudelsee, M., Neff, U., Kramers, J., Mangini,
A., and Matter, A.: Holocene forcing of the Indian monsoon recorded in a
stalagmite from southern Oman, Science, 300, 1737–1739, 2003.
Gadgil, S.: The Indian monsoon and its variability, Annu. Rev. Earth Pl. Sc.,
31, 429–467, 2003.
Giesche, A., Staubwasser, M., Petrie, C. A., and Hodell, D. A.:
63KA_DataFile_CP.xlsx, available at:
http://eprints.esc.cam.ac.uk/4371/, last access: 22 December 2018.
Giosan, L., Clift, P. D., Macklin, M. G., Fuller, D. Q., Constantinescu, S.,
Durcan, J. A., Stevens, T., Duller, G. A. T., Tabrez, A. R., Gangal, K.,
Adhikari, R., Alizai, A., Filip, F., VanLaningham, S., and Syvitski, J. P.
M.: Fluvial landscapes of the Harappan civilization, P. Natl. Acad. Sci.,
109, E1688–E1694, 2012.
Giosan, L., Orsi, W. D., Coolen, M., Wuchter, C., Dunlea, A. G., Thirumalai,
K., Munoz, S. E., Clift, P. D., Donnelly, J. P., Galy, V., and Fuller, D. Q.:
Neoglacial climate anomalies and the Harappan metamorphosis, Clim. Past, 14,
1669–1686, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-1669-2018, 2018.
Green, A. S. and Petrie, C. A.: Landscapes of Urbanization and
De-Urbanization: A Large-Scale Approach to Investigating the Indus
Civilization's Settlement Distributions in Northwest India, J. Field
Archaeol., 43, 284–299, https://doi.org/10.1080/00934690.2018.1464332, 2018.
Green, A. S., Bates, J., Acabado, S., Coutros, P., Glover, J., Miller, N.,
Sharratt, N., and Petrie, C. A.: How to Last a Millennium; Or a Global
Perspective on the Long-Term Dynamics of Human Sustainability, under review
for Nature Sustainability, 2018.
Gupta, A. K., Anderson, D. M., and Overpeck, J. T.: Abrupt changes in the
Asian southwest monsoon during the Holocene and their links to the North
Atlantic Ocean, Nature, 421, 354–357, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01340, 2003.
Hastenrath, S. and Lamb, P. J.: Climatic atlas of the Indian Ocean. Part II:
The oceanic heat budget, Wisconsin University Press, Madison, Wisconsin, USA,
18, 97 pp., 1979.
Hatwar, H. R., Yadav, B. P., and Rao, Y. R.: Prediction of western
disturbances and associated weather over Western Himalayas, Curr. Sci., 88,
913–920, 2005.
Hemleben, C., Spindler, M., and Anderson, O. R.: Modern planktonic
foraminifera, Springer Science and Business Media, New York, NY, USA, 2012.
Joseph, S. and Freeland, H. J.: Salinity variability in the Arabian Sea,
Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L09607, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GL022972, 2005.
Karim, A. and Veizer, J.: Water balance of the Indus River Basin and moisture
source in the Karakoram and western Himalayas: Implications from hydrogen and
oxygen isotopes in river water, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 107, 4362,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JD000253, 2002.
Kathayat, G., Cheng, H., Sinha, A., Yi, L., Li, X., Zhang, H., Li, H., Ning,
Y., and Edwards, R. L.: The Indian monsoon variability and civilization
changes in the Indian subcontinent, Sci. Adv., 3, e1701296,
https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1701296, 2017.
Kim, S. T. and O'Neil, J. R.: Equilibrium and nonequilibrium oxygen isotope
effects in synthetic carbonates, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 61, 3461–3475,
1997.
Kumar, S. P. and Prasad, T. G.: Formation and spreading of Arabian Sea
high-salinity water mass, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 104, 1455–1464, 1999.
Lemcke, G. and Sturm, M.: δ18O and trace element
measurements as proxy for the reconstruction of climate changes at Lake Van
(Turkey): Preliminary results, in Third millennium BC climate change and Old
World collapse, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany, 653–678, 1997.
Locarnini, R. A., Mishonov, A. V., Antonov, J. I., Boyer, T. P., Garcia, H.
E., Baranova, O. K., Zweng, M. M., Paver, C. R., Reagan, J. R., Johnson, D.
R., Hamilton, M., and Seidov, D.: World Ocean Atlas 2013, Volume 1:
Temperature, edited by: Levitus, S. and Mishonov, A., NOAA Atlas NESDIS 73,
Silver Spring, MD, USA, 40 pp., 2013.
Lynch-Stieglitz, J.: Tracers of past ocean circulation, in: Treatise on
geochemistry, 6, edited by: Elderfield, H., Holland, H. D., and Turekian, K.
K., Elsevier, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, 433–451, 2006.
Madella, M. and Fuller, D. Q.: Palaeoecology and the Harappan Civilisation of
South Asia: a reconsideration, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 25, 1283–1301, 2006.
Madhupratap, M., Kumar, S. P., Bhattathiri, P. M. A., Kumar, M. D.,
Raghukumar, S., Nair, K. K. C., and Ramaiah, N.: Mechanism of the biological
response to winter cooling in the northeastern Arabian Sea, Nature, 384,
549–552, 1996.
Maslin, M. A., Shackleton, N. J., and Pflaumann, U.: Surface water
temperature, salinity, and density changes in the northeast Atlantic during
the last 45,000 years: Heinrich events, deep water formation, and climatic
rebounds, Paleoceanography, 10, 527–544, 1995.
Mayewski, P. A., Rohling, E. E., Stager, J. C., Karlén, W., Maasch, K.
A., Meeker, L. D., Meyerson, E. A., Gasse, F., van Kreveld, S., Holmgren, K.,
Lee-Thorp, J., Rosqvist, G., Rack, F., Staubwasser, M., Schneider, R. R., and
Steig, E. J.: Holocene climate variability, Quaternary Res., 62, 243–255,
2004.
Menzel, P., Gaye, B., Mishra, P. K., Anoop, A., Basavaiah, N., Marwan, N.,
Plessen, B., Prasad, S., Riedel, N., Stebich, M., and Wiesner, M. G.: Linking
Holocene drying trends from Lonar Lake in monsoonal central India to North
Atlantic cooling events, Palaeogeogr. Palaeocl., 410, 164–178, 2014.
Nakamura, A., Yokoyama, Y., Maemoku, H., Yagi, H., Okamura, M., Matsuoka, H.,
Miyake, N., Osada, T., Adhikari, D. P., Dangol, V., Ikehara, M., Miyairi, Y.,
and Matsuzaki, H.: Weak monsoon event at 4.2 ka recorded in sediment from
Lake Rara, Himalayas, Quatern. Int., 397, 349–359, 2016.
Norris, R. D.: Planktonic foraminifer biostratigraphy: eastern equatorial
Atlantic, in: Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program: Scientific results,
159, 445–479, 1998.
Overpeck, J., Anderson, D., Trumbore, S., and Prell, W.: The southwest Indian
Monsoon over the last 18000 years, Clim. Dynam., 12, 213–225, 1996.
Petrie, C. A. and Bates, J.: `Multi-cropping', Intercropping and Adaptation
to Variable Environments in Indus South Asia, J. World Prehist., 30, 81–130,
2017.
Petrie, C. A., Bates, J., Higham, T., and Singh, R. N.: Feeding ancient
cities in South Asia: dating the adoption of rice, millet and tropical pulses
in the Indus civilisation, Antiquity, 90, 1489–1504, 2016.
Petrie, C. A., Singh, R. N., Bates, J., Dixit, Y., French, C. A., Hodell, D.
A., Pandey, A. K., Parikh, D., Pawar, V., Redhouse, D. I., and Singh, D. P.:
Adaptation to variable environments, resilience to climate change:
Investigating land, water and settlement in Indus Northwest India, Curr.
Anthropol., 58, 2017.
Phadtare, N. R.: Sharp decrease in summer monsoon strength
4000–3500 cal yr BP in the Central Higher Himalaya of India based on
pollen evidence from alpine peat, Quaternary Res., 53, 122–129, 2000.
Pokharia, A. K., Agnihotri, R., Sharma, S., Bajpai, S., Nath, J., Kumaran, R.
N., and Negi, B. C.: Altered cropping pattern and cultural continuation with
declined prosperity following abrupt and extreme arid event at
Ponton, C., Giosan, L., Eglinton, T. I., Fuller, D. Q., Johnson, J. E.,
Kumar, P., and Collett, T. S.: Holocene aridification of India, Geophys. Res.
Lett., 39, L03704, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL050722, 2012.
Possehl, G. L.: The transformation of the Indus civilization, J. World
Prehist., 11, 425–472, 1997.
Possehl, G. L.: The Indus Civilization: a Contemporary Perspective, Rowman
Altamira, Walnut Creek, CA, USA, 2002.
Possehl, G. L.: The Indus Civilization: an introduction to environment,
subsistence, and cultural history, Indus ethnobiology, Lexington, Lanham, MD,
USA, 1–20, 2003.
Prasad, S. and Enzel, Y.: Holocene paleoclimates of India, Quaternary Res.,
66, 442–453, 2006.
Ramasastri, K. S.: Snow melt modeling studies in India, in: The Himalayan
Environment, edited by: Dash, S. K. and Bahadur, J., New Age International,
New Delhi, India, 59–70, 1999.
Rangachary, N. and Bandyopadhyay, B. K.: An analysis of the synoptic weather
pattern associated with extensive avalanching in Western Himalaya, Int.
Assoc. Hydrol. Sci. Publ, 162, 311–316, 1987.
Ravelo, A. C. and Hillaire-Marcel, C.: Chapter Eighteen the use of oxygen and
carbon isotopes of foraminifera in Paleoceanography, Dev. Mar. Geol., 1,
735–764, 2007.
Ravelo, A. C. and Shackleton, N. J.: Evidence for surface-water circulation
changes at Site 851 in the eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean, in: Proceedings of
the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX, USA
(Ocean Drilling Program), edited by: Pisias, N. G., Mayer, L. A., Janecek, T.
R., Palmer-Julson, A., van Andel, T. H., 138, 503–514,
https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.138.126.1995, 1995.
Reimer, P. J., Bard, E., Bayliss, A., Beck, J. W., Blackwell, P. G., Ramsey,
C. B., Buck, C. E., Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., Friedrich, M., Grootes, P. M.,
Guilderson, T. P., Haflidason, H., Hajdas, I., Hatté, C., Heaton, T. J.,
Hoffmann, D. L., Hogg, A. G., Hughen, K. A., Kaiser, K. F., Kromer, B.,
Manning, St.W., Niu, M., Reimer, R. W., Richards, D. A., Scott, E. M.,
Southon, J. R., Staff, R. A., Turney, C. S. M., and van der Plicht, J.:
IntCal13 and Marine13 radiocarbon age calibration curves 0–50,000 years cal
BP, Radiocarbon, 55, 1869–1887, 2013.
Rohling, E. J.: Paleosalinity: confidence limits and future applications,
Mar. Geol., 163, 1–11, 2000.
Sautter, L. R. and Thunell, R. C.: Seasonal variability in the δ18O and δ13C of planktonic foraminifera from an
upwelling environment: sediment trap results from the San Pedro Basin,
Southern California Bight, Paleoceanography, 6, 307–334, 1991.
Schneider, U., Becker, A., Finger, P., Meyer-Christoffer, A., Bruno, R., and
Ziese, M.: GPCC Full Data Reanalysis Version 7.0 at 0.5∘: Monthly
Land-Surface Precipitation from Rain-Gauges built on GTS-based and Historic
Data, Deutscher Wetterdienst/Global Precipitation Climatology Centre,
Offenbach, Germany, 2015.
Schulz, H., von Rad, U., and Ittekkot, V.: Planktic foraminifera, particle
flux and oceanic productivity off Pakistan, NE Arabian Sea: modern analogues
and application to the palaeoclimatic record, Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., 195,
499–516, 2002.
Shackleton, N. J.: Attainment of isotopic equilibrium between ocean water and
the benthonic foraminifera genus Uvigerina: isotopic changes in the ocean
during the last glacial, Colloques Internationaux du C.N.R.S., Paris, France,
219, 203–209, 1974.
Shenoi, S. S. C., Shankar, D., and Shetye, S. R.: Differences in heat budgets
of the near-surface Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal: Implications for the
summer monsoon, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 107, 3052,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JC000679, 2002.
Singh, G., Wasson, R. J., and Agrawal, D. P.: Vegetational and seasonal
climatic changes since the last full glacial in the Thar Desert, northwestern
India, Rev. Palaeobot. Palyno., 64, 351–358, 1990.
Sinha, R., Smykatz-Kloss, W., Stüben, D., Harrison, S. P., Berner, Z.,
and Kramar, U.: Late Quaternary palaeoclimatic reconstruction from the
lacustrine sediments of the Sambhar playa core, Thar Desert margin, India,
Palaeogeogr. Palaeocl., 233, 252–270, 2006.
Sirocko, F.: Deep-sea sediments of the Arabian Sea: A paleoclimatic record of
the southwest-Asian summer monsoon, Geol. Rundsch., 80, 557–566, 1991.
Sonderegger, D. L., Wang, H., Clements, W. H., and Noon, B. R.: Using SiZer
to detect thresholds in ecological data, Front. Ecol. Environ., 7, 190–195,
2009.
Staubwasser, M.: Late Holocene drought pattern over West Asia, Climates,
Landscapes, and Civilizations, Geophys. Monogr. Ser., 198, 89–96, 2012.
Staubwasser, M. and Weiss, H.: Holocene climate and cultural evolution in
late prehistoric–early historic West Asia, Quaternary Res., 66, 372–387,
2006.
Staubwasser, M., Sirocko, F., Grootes, P. M., and Erlenkeuser, H.: South
Asian monsoon climate change and radiocarbon in the Arabian Sea during early
and middle Holocene, Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 17, 1063,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2000PA000608, 2002.
Staubwasser, M., Sirocko, F., Grootes, P. M., and Segl, M.: Climate change at
the 4.2 ka BP termination of the Indus valley civilization and Holocene
south Asian monsoon variability, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30, 1425,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2002GL016822, 2003.
Steinke, S., Mohtadi, M., Groeneveld, J., Lin, L. C., Löwemark, L., Chen,
M. T., and Rendle-Bühring, R.: Reconstructing the southern South China
Sea upper water column structure since the Last Glacial Maximum: Implications
for the East Asian winter monsoon development, Paleoceanography and
Paleoclimatology, 25, PA2219, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009PA001850, 2010.
Steph, S., Regenberg, M., Tiedemann, R., Mulitza, S., and Nürnberg, D.:
Stable isotopes of planktonic foraminifera from tropical Atlantic/Caribbean
core-tops: Implications for reconstructing upper ocean stratification, Mar.
Micropaleontol., 71, 1–19, 2009.
Tian, J., Wang, P., Chen, R., and Cheng, X.: Quaternary upper ocean thermal
gradient variations in the South China Sea: Implications for east Asian
monsoon climate, Paleoceanography, 20, PA4007, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004PA001115,
2005.
Von Rad, U.: Physical oceanography during SONNE cruise SO90, PANGAEA,
https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.805802, 2013.
Von Rad, U., Schulz, H., Khan, A. A., Ansari, M., Berner, U., Čepek, P.,
Cowie, G., Dietrich, P., Erlenkeuser, H., Geyh, M., Jennerjahn, T.,
Lückge, A., Marchig, V., Riech, V., Rösch, H., Schäfer, P.,
Schulte, S., Sirocko, F., and Tahir, M.: Sampling the oxygen minimum zone off
Pakistan: glacial-interglacial variations of anoxia and productivity
(preliminary results, SONNE 90 cruise), Mar. Geol., 125, 7–19, 1995.
Walker, M. J., Berkelhammer, M., Björck, S., Cwynar, L. C., Fisher, D.
A., Long, A. J., Lowe, J. J., Newnham, R. M., Rasmussen, S. O., and Weiss,
H.: Formal subdivision of the Holocene Series/Epoch: a Discussion Paper by a
Working Group of INTIMATE (Integration of ice-core, marine and terrestrial
records) and the Subcommission on Quaternary Stratigraphy (International
Commission on Stratigraphy), J. Quaternary Sci., 27, 649–659, 2012.
Walker, M. J., Head, J. H., Berkelhammer, M., Björck, S., Cheng, H.,
Cwynar, L., Fisher, D., Gkinis, V., Long, A., Lowe, J., Newnham, R.,
Rasmussen, S. O., and Weiss, H.: Formal ratification of the subdivision of
the Holocene Series/Epoch (Quaternary System/Period): two new Global Boundary
Stratotype Sections and Points (GSSPs) and three new stages/subseries,
Episodes, 41, 213–223, https://doi.org/10.18814/epiiugs/2018/018016, 2018.
Wang, L., Sarnthein, M., Duplessy, J. C., Erlenkeuser, H., Jung, S., and
Pflaumann, U.: Paleo sea surface salinities in the low-latitude Atlantic: The
δ18O record of Globigerinoides ruber (white),
Paleoceanography, 10, 749–761, 1995.
Wanner, H., Beer, J., Bütikofer, J., Crowley, T. J., Cubasch, U.,
Flückiger, J., Goosse, H., Grosjean, M., Joos, F., Kaplan, J. O.,
Küttel, M., Müller, S. A., Prentice, C., Solomina, O., Stocker, T.
F., Tarasov, P., Wagner, M., and Widmann, M.: Mid-to Late Holocene climate
change: an overview, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 27, 1791–1828, 2008.
Weatherall, P., Marks, K., Jakobsson, M., Schmitt, T., Tani, S., Arndt, J.
E., Rovere, M., Chayes, D., Ferrini, V., and Wigley, R.: A new digital
bathymetric model of the world's oceans, Earth and Space Science, 2,
331–345, 2015.
Weber, S. A.: Seeds of urbanism: palaeoethnobotany and the Indus
Civilization, Antiquity, 73, 813–826, 1999.
Weber, S. A.: Archaeobotany at Harappa: Indications for Change, Indus
Ethnobiology: New Perspectives from the Field, edited by: Weber, S. and
Belcher, B., Lexington Books, Lanham, MD, USA, 175–198, 2003.
Weber, S. A., Barela, T., and Lehman, H.: Ecological continuity: An
explanation for agricultural diversity in the Indus Civilization and beyond,
Man and Environment, 35, 62–75, 2010.
Weiss, H.: Global megadrought, societal collapse and resilience at
4.2–3.9 ka BP across the Mediterranean and West asia, Clim. Chang. Cult.
Evol., PAGES Mag., 24, 62–63, https://doi.org/10.22498/pages.24.2.62, 2016.
Wick, L., Lemcke, G., and Sturm, M.: Evidence of Lateglacial and Holocene
climatic change and human impact in eastern Anatolia: high-resolution pollen,
charcoal, isotopic and geochemical records from the laminated sediments of
Lake Van, Turkey, Holocene, 13, 665–675, 2003.
Wright, R. P.: The ancient Indus: Urbanism, economy and society, Case Studies
in Early Societies, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 10, 416 pp.,
2010.
Yadav, R. K., Kumar, K. R., and Rajeevan, M.: Characteristic features of
winter precipitation and its variability over northwest India, J. Earth Syst.
Sci., 121, 611–623, 2012.
Yu, W., Yang, Y. C., Savitsky, A., Alford, D., Brown, C., Wescoat, J.,
Debowicz, D., and Robinson, S.: The Indus basin of Pakistan: The impacts of
climate risks on water and agriculture, The World Bank, Washington, D.C.,
USA, 2013.
Zaric, S.: Planktic foraminiferal flux of sediment trap EAST-86/90_trap,
PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.264508, 2005.
Zweng, M. M., Reagan, J. R., Antonov, J. I., Locarnini, R. A., Mishonov, A.
V., Boyer, T. P., Garcia, H. E., Baranova, O. K., Johnson, D. R., Seidov, D.,
and Biddle, M. M.: World Ocean Atlas 2013, Volume 2: Salinity, edited by:
Levitus, S. and Mishonov, A., NOAA Atlas NESDIS 74, 39 pp., 2013.
Short summary
A foraminifer oxygen isotope record from the northeastern Arabian Sea was used to reconstruct winter and summer monsoon strength from 5.4 to 3.0 ka. We found a 200-year period of strengthened winter monsoon (4.5–4.3 ka) that coincides with the earliest phase of the Mature Harappan period of the Indus Civilization, followed by weakened winter and summer monsoons by 4.1 ka. Aridity spanning both rainfall seasons at 4.1 ka may help to explain some of the observed archaeological shifts.
A foraminifer oxygen isotope record from the northeastern Arabian Sea was used to reconstruct...
Special issue