Articles | Volume 14, issue 11
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-1639-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-1639-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
07 Nov 2018
Research article |
| 07 Nov 2018
| 07 Nov 2018
Change in the North Atlantic circulation associated with the mid-Pleistocene transition
Gloria M. Martin-Garcia
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Geology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
Francisco J. Sierro
Department of Geology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
José A. Flores
Department of Geology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
Fátima Abrantes
Marine Geology and Georesources (DivGM), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, Lisbon, Portugal
Centre for Marine Sciences at University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
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Sandra Domingues Gomes, William Fletcher, Abi Stone, Teresa Rodrigues, Andreia Rebotim, Dulce Oliveira, Maria F. Sánchez Goñi, Fatima Abrantes, and Filipa Naughton
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3334, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3334, 2024
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Our study explores how rising CO2 at the end of the last ice age impacted vegetation in the Iberian Peninsula. By analyzing pollen and ocean temperatures in marine sediments, we found that higher CO2 helped forests expand, even in cool or dry conditions. This shows that CO2 played a key role in shaping ecosystems during climate shifts. Understanding this past response helps us see how different factors interact and provides insights into how today’s ecosystems might adapt to rapidly rising CO2.
Konstantina Agiadi, Niklas Hohmann, Elsa Gliozzi, Danae Thivaiou, Francesca R. Bosellini, Marco Taviani, Giovanni Bianucci, Alberto Collareta, Laurent Londeix, Costanza Faranda, Francesca Bulian, Efterpi Koskeridou, Francesca Lozar, Alan Maria Mancini, Stefano Dominici, Pierre Moissette, Ildefonso Bajo Campos, Enrico Borghi, George Iliopoulos, Assimina Antonarakou, George Kontakiotis, Evangelia Besiou, Stergios D. Zarkogiannis, Mathias Harzhauser, Francisco Javier Sierro, Angelo Camerlenghi, and Daniel García-Castellanos
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 4767–4775, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4767-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4767-2024, 2024
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We present a dataset of 23032 fossil occurrences of marine organisms from the Late Miocene to the Early Pliocene (~11 to 3.6 million years ago) from the Mediterranean Sea. This dataset will allow us, for the first time, to quantify the biodiversity impact of the Messinian salinity crisis, a major geological event that possibly changed global and regional climate and biota.
Thibauld M. Béjard, Andrés S. Rigual-Hernández, Javier P. Tarruella, José-Abel Flores, Anna Sanchez-Vidal, Irene Llamas-Cano, and Francisco J. Sierro
Biogeosciences, 21, 4051–4076, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4051-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4051-2024, 2024
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The Mediterranean Sea is regarded as a climate change hotspot. Documenting the population of planktonic foraminifera is crucial. In the Sicily Channel, fluxes are higher during winter and positively linked with chlorophyll a concentration and cool temperatures. A comparison with other Mediterranean sites shows the transitional aspect of the studied zone. Finally, modern populations significantly differ from those in the sediment, highlighting a possible effect of environmental change.
Judit Torner, Isabel Cacho, Heather Stoll, Ana Moreno, Joan O. Grimalt, Francisco J. Sierro, Hai Cheng, and R. Lawrence Edwards
Clim. Past Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2024-54, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2024-54, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for CP
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This study presents a new speleothem record of the western Mediterranean region that offers new insights into the timeline of glacial terminations TIV, TIII, and TIII.a. The comparison among the studied deglaciations reveals differences in terms of intensity and duration and opens the opportunity to evaluate marine sediment chronologies based on orbital tuning from the North Atlantic and the Western Mediterranean.
Elizabeth R. Lasluisa, Oriol Oms, Eduard Remacha, Alba González-Lanchas, Hug Blanchar-Roca, and José Abel Flores
J. Micropalaeontol., 43, 55–68, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-43-55-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-43-55-2024, 2024
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We studied sediment samples containing marine plankton under the polarized microscope from the Sabiñánigo sandstone formation, a geological formation located in the Jaca Basin in Spain. The main result of this work was a more precise age for the formation, the Bartonian age, in the Middle Eocene period. In addition, we obtained information on the temperature of the ocean water in which the plankton lived, resulting in the surface ocean waters in this area being warm and poor in nutrients.
Thibauld M. Béjard, Andrés S. Rigual-Hernández, José A. Flores, Javier P. Tarruella, Xavier Durrieu de Madron, Isabel Cacho, Neghar Haghipour, Aidan Hunter, and Francisco J. Sierro
Biogeosciences, 20, 1505–1528, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1505-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1505-2023, 2023
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The Mediterranean Sea is undergoing a rapid and unprecedented environmental change. Planktic foraminifera calcification is affected on different timescales. On seasonal and interannual scales, calcification trends differ according to the species and are linked mainly to sea surface temperatures and carbonate system parameters, while comparison with pre/post-industrial assemblages shows that all three species have reduced their calcification between 10 % to 35 % according to the species.
José Guitián, Miguel Ángel Fuertes, José-Abel Flores, Iván Hernández-Almeida, and Heather Stoll
Biogeosciences, 19, 5007–5019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5007-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5007-2022, 2022
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The effect of environmental conditions on the degree of calcification of marine phytoplankton remains unclear. This study implements a new microscopic approach to quantify the calcification of ancient coccolithophores, using North Atlantic sediments. Results show significant differences in the thickness and shape factor of coccoliths for samples with minimum dissolution, providing the first evaluation of phytoplankton physiology adaptation to million-year-scale variable environmental conditions.
Molly O. Patterson, Richard H. Levy, Denise K. Kulhanek, Tina van de Flierdt, Huw Horgan, Gavin B. Dunbar, Timothy R. Naish, Jeanine Ash, Alex Pyne, Darcy Mandeno, Paul Winberry, David M. Harwood, Fabio Florindo, Francisco J. Jimenez-Espejo, Andreas Läufer, Kyu-Cheul Yoo, Osamu Seki, Paolo Stocchi, Johann P. Klages, Jae Il Lee, Florence Colleoni, Yusuke Suganuma, Edward Gasson, Christian Ohneiser, José-Abel Flores, David Try, Rachel Kirkman, Daleen Koch, and the SWAIS 2C Science Team
Sci. Dril., 30, 101–112, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-30-101-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-30-101-2022, 2022
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How much of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet will melt and how quickly it will happen when average global temperatures exceed 2 °C is currently unknown. Given the far-reaching and international consequences of Antarctica’s future contribution to global sea level rise, the SWAIS 2C Project was developed in order to better forecast the size and timing of future changes.
Andrés S. Rigual Hernández, Thomas W. Trull, Scott D. Nodder, José A. Flores, Helen Bostock, Fátima Abrantes, Ruth S. Eriksen, Francisco J. Sierro, Diana M. Davies, Anne-Marie Ballegeer, Miguel A. Fuertes, and Lisa C. Northcote
Biogeosciences, 17, 245–263, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-245-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-245-2020, 2020
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Coccolithophores account for a major fraction of the carbonate produced in the world's oceans. However, their contribution in the subantarctic Southern Ocean remains undocumented. We quantitatively partition calcium carbonate fluxes amongst coccolithophore species in the Australian–New Zealand sector of the Southern Ocean. We provide new insights into the importance of species other than Emiliania huxleyi in the carbon cycle and assess their possible response to projected environmental change.
Mariem Saavedra-Pellitero, Karl-Heinz Baumann, Miguel Ángel Fuertes, Hartmut Schulz, Yann Marcon, Nele Manon Vollmar, José-Abel Flores, and Frank Lamy
Biogeosciences, 16, 3679–3702, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3679-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3679-2019, 2019
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Open ocean phytoplankton include coccolithophore algae, a key element in carbon cycle regulation with important feedbacks to the climate system. We document latitudinal variability in both coccolithophore assemblage and the mass variation in one particular species, Emiliania huxleyi, for a transect across the Drake Passage (in the Southern Ocean). Coccolithophore abundance, diversity and maximum depth habitat decrease southwards, coinciding with changes in the predominant E. huxleyi morphotypes.
Ariadna Salabarnada, Carlota Escutia, Ursula Röhl, C. Hans Nelson, Robert McKay, Francisco J. Jiménez-Espejo, Peter K. Bijl, Julian D. Hartman, Stephanie L. Strother, Ulrich Salzmann, Dimitris Evangelinos, Adrián López-Quirós, José Abel Flores, Francesca Sangiorgi, Minoru Ikehara, and Henk Brinkhuis
Clim. Past, 14, 991–1014, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-991-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-991-2018, 2018
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Here we reconstruct ice sheet and paleoceanographic configurations in the East Antarctic Wilkes Land margin based on a multi-proxy study conducted in late Oligocene (26–25 Ma) sediments from IODP Site U1356. The new obliquity-forced glacial–interglacial sedimentary model shows that, under the high CO2 values of the late Oligocene, ice sheets had mostly retreated to their terrestrial margins and the ocean was very dynamic with shifting positions of the polar fronts and associated water masses.
Andrés S. Rigual Hernández, José A. Flores, Francisco J. Sierro, Miguel A. Fuertes, Lluïsa Cros, and Thomas W. Trull
Biogeosciences, 15, 1843–1862, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1843-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1843-2018, 2018
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Long-term and annual field observations on key organisms are a critical basis for predicting changes in Southern Ocean ecosystems. Coccolithophores are the most abundant calcium-carbonate-producing phytoplankton and play an important role in Southern Ocean biogeochemical cycles. In this study we document the composition, degree of calcification and annual cycle of coccolithophore communities in one of the largest unexplored regions of the world oceans: the Antarctic zone.
Saúl González-Lemos, José Guitián, Miguel-Ángel Fuertes, José-Abel Flores, and Heather M. Stoll
Biogeosciences, 15, 1079–1091, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1079-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1079-2018, 2018
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Changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide affect ocean chemistry and the ability of marine organisms to manufacture shells from calcium carbonate. We describe a technique to obtain more reproducible measurements of the thickness of calcium carbonate shells made by microscopic marine algae called coccolithophores, which will allow researchers to compare how the shell thickness responds to variations in ocean chemistry in the past and present.
Blanca Ausín, Diana Zúñiga, Jose A. Flores, Catarina Cavaleiro, María Froján, Nicolás Villacieros-Robineau, Fernando Alonso-Pérez, Belén Arbones, Celia Santos, Francisco de la Granda, Carmen G. Castro, Fátima Abrantes, Timothy I. Eglinton, and Emilia Salgueiro
Biogeosciences, 15, 245–262, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-245-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-245-2018, 2018
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A systematic investigation of the coccolithophore ecology was performed for the first time in the NW Iberian Margin to broaden our knowledge on the use of fossil coccoliths in marine sediment records to infer environmental conditions in the past. Coccolithophores proved to be significant primary producers and their abundance and distribution was favoured by warmer and nutrient–depleted waters during the upwelling regime, seasonally controlled offshore and influenced by coastal processes onshore.
Fátima Abrantes, Teresa Rodrigues, Marta Rufino, Emília Salgueiro, Dulce Oliveira, Sandra Gomes, Paulo Oliveira, Ana Costa, Mário Mil-Homens, Teresa Drago, and Filipa Naughton
Clim. Past, 13, 1901–1918, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-1901-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-1901-2017, 2017
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Reconstructions of the last 2000-year climatic conditions along the Iberian Margin, a vulnerable region regarding current global warming, reveal a long-term cooling in sea surface temperature (SST) ending with the 19th century and centennial-scale variability that exposes warm SSTs throughout the first 1300 years followed by the colder Little Ice Age. The Industrial Era starts by 1800 CE, with an SST rise and a second increase in SST at ca. 1970 CE, particularly marked in the southern region.
Fátima Abrantes, Teresa Rodrigues, Marta Rufino, Emília Salgueiro, Dulce Oliveira, Sandra Gomes, Paulo Oliveira, Ana Costa, Mário Mil-Homens, Teresa Drago, and Filipa Naughton
Clim. Past Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2017-39, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2017-39, 2017
Manuscript not accepted for further review
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This work presents proxy reconstructions of the last 2000 yr climatic conditions along the eastern Margin of the Iberian Peninsula, a vulnerable region regarding current global warming. Sea Surface Temperature shows a long-term cooling ending with the 19th century, and centennial scale variability that exposes 1300 yr of warm conditions, up to the end of the Medieval Warm Period (MWP), followed by a 1 ºC colder Little Ice Age. The Industrial Era starts by 1800 CE with a rise to MWP values.
Diana Zúñiga, Celia Santos, María Froján, Emilia Salgueiro, Marta M. Rufino, Francisco De la Granda, Francisco G. Figueiras, Carmen G. Castro, and Fátima Abrantes
Biogeosciences, 14, 1165–1179, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1165-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1165-2017, 2017
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Diatoms are one of the most important primary producers in highly productive coastal regions. Their silicified valves are susceptible to escape from the upper water column and be preserved in the sediment record, and thus are frequently used to reconstruct environmental conditions in the past from sediment cores. Here, we assess how water column diatom’s community in the NW Iberian coastal upwelling system is seasonally transferred from the surface to the seafloor sediments.
Fatima Abrantes, Pedro Cermeno, Cristina Lopes, Oscar Romero, Lélia Matos, Jolanda Van Iperen, Marta Rufino, and Vitor Magalhães
Biogeosciences, 13, 4099–4109, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-4099-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-4099-2016, 2016
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Diatoms are the dominant primary producers of the most productive and best fishing areas of the modern ocean, the coastal upwelling systems. This turns them into important contributors to the biological pump and climate change. To help untangle their response to warming climate, we compare the worldwide diatom sedimentary abundance (SDA) to environmental variables and find that the capacity of diatoms to take up silicic acid sets an upper limit on global export production in these ocean regions.
B. Ausín, I. Hernández-Almeida, J.-A. Flores, F.-J. Sierro, M. Grosjean, G. Francés, and B. Alonso
Clim. Past, 11, 1635–1651, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-1635-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-1635-2015, 2015
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Coccolithophore distribution in 88 surface sediment samples in the Atlantic Ocean and western Mediterranean was mainly influenced by salinity at 10m depth. A quantitative coccolithophore-based transfer function was developed and applied to a fossil sediment core to estimate sea surface salinity (SSS). The quality of this function and the reliability of the SSS reconstruction were assessed by statistical analyses and discussed. Several centennial SSS changes are identified for the last 15.5 ka.
O. Rama-Corredor, B. Martrat, J. O. Grimalt, G. E. López-Otalvaro, J. A. Flores, and F. Sierro
Clim. Past, 11, 1297–1311, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-1297-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-1297-2015, 2015
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The alkenone sea surface temperatures in the Guiana Basin show a rapid transmission of the climate variability from arctic to tropical latitudes during the last two interglacials (MIS1 and MIS5e) and warm long interstadials (MIS5d-a). In contrast, the abrupt variability of the glacial interval does follow the North Atlantic climate but is also shaped by precessional changes. This arctic to tropical decoupling occurs when the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation is substantially reduced.
I. Hernández-Almeida, F.-J. Sierro, I. Cacho, and J.-A. Flores
Clim. Past, 11, 687–696, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-687-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-687-2015, 2015
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This manuscript presents new Mg/Ca and previously published δ18O measurements of Neogloboquadrina pachyderma sinistral for MIS 31-19, from a sediment core from the subpolar North Atlantic. The mechanism proposed here involves northward subsurface transport of warm and salty subtropical waters during periods of weaker AMOC, leading to ice-sheet instability and IRD discharge. This is the first time that these rapid climate oscillations are described for the early Pleistocene.
Related subject area
Subject: Ocean Dynamics | Archive: Marine Archives | Timescale: Pleistocene
Planktonic foraminiferal assemblages as tracers of paleoceanographic changes within the northern Benguela current system since the Early Pleistocene
Glacial–interglacial Circumpolar Deep Water temperatures during the last 800 000 years: estimates from a synthesis of bottom water temperature reconstructions
Sea-level and monsoonal control on the Maldives carbonate platform (Indian Ocean) over the last 1.3 million years
Changes in the Red Sea overturning circulation during Marine Isotope Stage 3
Bottom water oxygenation changes in the southwestern Indian Ocean as an indicator for enhanced respired carbon storage since the last glacial inception
An Intertropical Convergence Zone shift controlled the terrestrial material supply on the Ninetyeast Ridge
Sea ice changes in the southwest Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean during the last 140 000 years
Summer sea-ice variability on the Antarctic margin during the last glacial period reconstructed from snow petrel (Pagodroma nivea) stomach-oil deposits
Variations in export production, lithogenic sediment transport and iron fertilization in the Pacific sector of the Drake Passage over the past 400 kyr
Lower oceanic δ13C during the last interglacial period compared to the Holocene
Thermocline state change in the eastern equatorial Pacific during the late Pliocene/early Pleistocene intensification of Northern Hemisphere glaciation
A multi-proxy analysis of Late Quaternary ocean and climate variability for the Maldives, Inner Sea
Central Arctic Ocean paleoceanography from ∼ 50 ka to present, on the basis of ostracode faunal assemblages from the SWERUS 2014 expedition
Deglacial sea level history of the East Siberian Sea and Chukchi Sea margins
Mediterranean Outflow Water variability during the Early Pleistocene
Last Glacial Maximum and deglacial abyssal seawater oxygen isotopic ratios
Subsurface North Atlantic warming as a trigger of rapid cooling events: evidence from the early Pleistocene (MIS 31–19)
Photic zone changes in the north-west Pacific Ocean from MIS 4–5e
Seasonal changes in glacial polynya activity inferred from Weddell Sea varves
High-latitude obliquity as a dominant forcing in the Agulhas current system
Sensitivity of Red Sea circulation to sea level and insolation forcing during the last interglacial
Sea-surface salinity variations in the northern Caribbean Sea across the Mid-Pleistocene Transition
Oceanic tracer and proxy time scales revisited
Variations in mid-latitude North Atlantic surface water properties during the mid-Brunhes (MIS 9–14) and their implications for the thermohaline circulation
A simple mixing explanation for late Pleistocene changes in the Pacific-South Atlantic benthic δ13C gradient
High Arabian Sea productivity conditions during MIS 13 – odd monsoon event or intensified overturning circulation at the end of the Mid-Pleistocene transition?
Arianna V. Del Gaudio, Aaron Avery, Gerald Auer, Werner E. Piller, and Walter Kurz
Clim. Past, 20, 2237–2266, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-2237-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-2237-2024, 2024
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The Benguela Upwelling System is a region in the SE Atlantic Ocean of high biological productivity. It comprises several water masses such as the Benguela Current, South Atlantic Central Water, and Indian Ocean Agulhas waters. We analyzed planktonic foraminifera from IODP Sites U1575 and U1576 to characterize water masses and their interplay in the Pleistocene. This defined changes in the local thermocline, which were linked to long-term Benguela Niño- and Niña-like and deglaciation events.
David M. Chandler and Petra M. Langebroek
Clim. Past, 20, 2055–2080, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-2055-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-2055-2024, 2024
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Sea level rise and global climate change caused by ice melt in Antarctica represent a puzzle of feedbacks between the climate, ocean, and ice sheets over tens to thousands of years. Antarctic Ice Sheet melting is caused mainly by warm deep water from the Southern Ocean. Here, we analyse close relationships between deep water temperatures and global climate over the last 800 000 years. This knowledge can help us to better understand how climate and sea level are likely to change in the future.
Montserrat Alonso-Garcia, Jesus Reolid, Francisco J. Jimenez-Espejo, Or M. Bialik, Carlos A. Alvarez Zarikian, Juan Carlos Laya, Igor Carrasquiera, Luigi Jovane, John J. G. Reijmer, Gregor P. Eberli, and Christian Betzler
Clim. Past, 20, 547–571, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-547-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-547-2024, 2024
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The Maldives Inner Sea (northern Indian Ocean) offers an excellent study site to explore the impact of climate and sea-level changes on carbonate platforms. The sediments from International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Site U1467 have been studied to determine the drivers of carbonate production in the atolls over the last 1.3 million years. Even though sea level is important, the intensity of the summer monsoon and the Indian Ocean dipole probably modulated the production at the atolls.
Raphaël Hubert-Huard, Nils Andersen, Helge W. Arz, Werner Ehrmann, and Gerhard Schmiedl
Clim. Past, 20, 267–280, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-267-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-267-2024, 2024
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We have studied the geochemistry of benthic foraminifera (micro-fossils) from a sediment core from the Red Sea. Our data show that the circulation and carbon cycling of the Red Sea during the last glacial period responded to high-latitude millennial-scale climate variability and to the orbital influence of the African–Indian monsoon system. This implies a sensitive response of the Red Sea to climate changes.
Helen Eri Amsler, Lena Mareike Thöle, Ingrid Stimac, Walter Geibert, Minoru Ikehara, Gerhard Kuhn, Oliver Esper, and Samuel Laurent Jaccard
Clim. Past, 18, 1797–1813, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1797-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1797-2022, 2022
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We present sedimentary redox-sensitive trace metal records from five sediment cores retrieved from the SW Indian Ocean. These records are indicative of oxygen-depleted conditions during cold periods and enhanced oxygenation during interstadials. Our results thus suggest that deep-ocean oxygenation changes were mainly controlled by ocean ventilation and that a generally more sluggish circulation contributed to sequestering remineralized carbon away from the atmosphere during glacial periods.
Xudong Xu, Jianguo Liu, Yun Huang, Lanlan Zhang, Liang Yi, Shengfa Liu, Yiping Yang, Li Cao, and Long Tan
Clim. Past, 18, 1369–1384, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1369-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1369-2022, 2022
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Terrestrial materials in marine environments record source information and help us understand how climate and ocean impact sediment compositions. Here, we use evidence on the Ninetyeast Ridge to analyze the relationship between terrestrial material supplementation and climatic change. We find that the ITCZ controlled the rainfall in the Burman source area and that closer connections occurred between the Northern–Southern Hemisphere in the eastern Indian Ocean during the late LGM.
Jacob Jones, Karen E. Kohfeld, Helen Bostock, Xavier Crosta, Melanie Liston, Gavin Dunbar, Zanna Chase, Amy Leventer, Harris Anderson, and Geraldine Jacobsen
Clim. Past, 18, 465–483, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-465-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-465-2022, 2022
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We provide new winter sea ice and summer sea surface temperature estimates for marine core TAN1302-96 (59° S, 157° E) in the Southern Ocean. We find that sea ice was not consolidated over the core site until ~65 ka and therefore believe that sea ice may not have been a major contributor to early glacial CO2 drawdown. Sea ice does appear to have coincided with Antarctic Intermediate Water production and subduction, suggesting it may have influenced intermediate ocean circulation changes.
Erin L. McClymont, Michael J. Bentley, Dominic A. Hodgson, Charlotte L. Spencer-Jones, Thomas Wardley, Martin D. West, Ian W. Croudace, Sonja Berg, Darren R. Gröcke, Gerhard Kuhn, Stewart S. R. Jamieson, Louise Sime, and Richard A. Phillips
Clim. Past, 18, 381–403, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-381-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-381-2022, 2022
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Sea ice is important for our climate system and for the unique ecosystems it supports. We present a novel way to understand past Antarctic sea-ice ecosystems: using the regurgitated stomach contents of snow petrels, which nest above the ice sheet but feed in the sea ice. During a time when sea ice was more extensive than today (24 000–30 000 years ago), we show that snow petrel diet had varying contributions of fish and krill, which we interpret to show changing sea-ice distribution.
María H. Toyos, Gisela Winckler, Helge W. Arz, Lester Lembke-Jene, Carina B. Lange, Gerhard Kuhn, and Frank Lamy
Clim. Past, 18, 147–166, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-147-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-147-2022, 2022
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Past export production in the southeast Pacific and its link to Patagonian ice dynamics is unknown. We reconstruct biological productivity changes at the Pacific entrance to the Drake Passage, covering the past 400 000 years. We show that glacial–interglacial variability in export production responds to glaciogenic Fe supply from Patagonia and silica availability due to shifts in oceanic fronts, whereas dust, as a source of lithogenic material, plays a minor role.
Shannon A. Bengtson, Laurie C. Menviel, Katrin J. Meissner, Lise Missiaen, Carlye D. Peterson, Lorraine E. Lisiecki, and Fortunat Joos
Clim. Past, 17, 507–528, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-507-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-507-2021, 2021
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The last interglacial was a warm period that may provide insights into future climates. Here, we compile and analyse stable carbon isotope data from the ocean during the last interglacial and compare it to the Holocene. The data show that Atlantic Ocean circulation was similar during the last interglacial and the Holocene. We also establish a difference in the mean oceanic carbon isotopic ratio between these periods, which was most likely caused by burial and weathering carbon fluxes.
Kim Alix Jakob, Jörg Pross, Christian Scholz, Jens Fiebig, and Oliver Friedrich
Clim. Past, 14, 1079–1095, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-1079-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-1079-2018, 2018
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Eastern equatorial Pacific (EEP) thermocline dynamics during the intensification of Northern Hemisphere glaciation (iNHG; ~ 2.5 Ma) currently remain unclear. In light of this uncertainty, we generated geochemical, faunal and sedimentological data for EEP Site 849 (~ 2.75–2.4 Ma). We recorded a thermocline depth change shortly before the final phase of the iNHG, which supports the hypothesis that tropical thermocline shoaling may have contributed to substantial Northern Hemisphere ice growth.
Dorothea Bunzel, Gerhard Schmiedl, Sebastian Lindhorst, Andreas Mackensen, Jesús Reolid, Sarah Romahn, and Christian Betzler
Clim. Past, 13, 1791–1813, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-1791-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-1791-2017, 2017
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We investigated a sediment core from the Maldives to unravel the interaction between equatorial climate and ocean variability of the past 200 000 years. The sedimentological, geochemical and foraminiferal data records reveal enhanced dust, which was transported by intensified winter monsoon winds during glacial conditions. Precessional fluctuations of bottom water oxygen suggests an expansion of the Arabian Sea OMZ and a varying inflow of Antarctic Intermediate Water.
Laura Gemery, Thomas M. Cronin, Robert K. Poirier, Christof Pearce, Natalia Barrientos, Matt O'Regan, Carina Johansson, Andrey Koshurnikov, and Martin Jakobsson
Clim. Past, 13, 1473–1489, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-1473-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-1473-2017, 2017
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Continuous, highly abundant and well-preserved fossil ostracodes were studied from radiocarbon-dated sediment cores collected on the Lomonosov Ridge (Arctic Ocean) that indicate varying oceanographic conditions during the last ~50 kyr. Ostracode assemblages from cores taken during the SWERUS-C3 2014 Expedition, Leg 2, reflect paleoenvironmental changes during glacial, deglacial, and interglacial transitions, including changes in sea-ice cover and Atlantic Water inflow into the Eurasian Basin.
Thomas M. Cronin, Matt O'Regan, Christof Pearce, Laura Gemery, Michael Toomey, Igor Semiletov, and Martin Jakobsson
Clim. Past, 13, 1097–1110, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-1097-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-1097-2017, 2017
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Global sea level rise during the last deglacial flooded the Siberian continental shelf in the Arctic Ocean. Sediment cores, radiocarbon dating, and microfossils show that the regional sea level in the Arctic rose rapidly from about 12 500 to 10 700 years ago. Regional sea level history on the Siberian shelf differs from the global deglacial sea level rise perhaps due to regional vertical adjustment resulting from the growth and decay of ice sheets.
Stefanie Kaboth, Patrick Grunert, and Lucas Lourens
Clim. Past, 13, 1023–1035, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-1023-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-1023-2017, 2017
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This study is devoted to reconstructing Mediterranean Outflow Water (MOW) variability and the interplay between the Mediterranean and North Atlantic climate systems during the Early Pleistocene. We find indication that the increasing production of MOW aligns with the intensification of the North Atlantic overturning circulation, highlighting the potential of MOW to modulate the North Atlantic salt budget. Our results are based on new stable isotope and grain-size data from IODP 339 Site U1389.
Carl Wunsch
Clim. Past, 12, 1281–1296, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-1281-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-1281-2016, 2016
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This paper examines the oxygen isotope data in several deep-sea cores. The question addressed is whether those data support an inference that the abyssal ocean in the Last Glacial Maximum period was significantly colder than it is today. Along with a separate analysis of salinity data in the same cores, it is concluded that a cold, saline deep ocean is consistent with the available data but so is an abyss much more like that found today. LGM model testers should beware.
I. Hernández-Almeida, F.-J. Sierro, I. Cacho, and J.-A. Flores
Clim. Past, 11, 687–696, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-687-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-687-2015, 2015
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This manuscript presents new Mg/Ca and previously published δ18O measurements of Neogloboquadrina pachyderma sinistral for MIS 31-19, from a sediment core from the subpolar North Atlantic. The mechanism proposed here involves northward subsurface transport of warm and salty subtropical waters during periods of weaker AMOC, leading to ice-sheet instability and IRD discharge. This is the first time that these rapid climate oscillations are described for the early Pleistocene.
G. E. A. Swann and A. M. Snelling
Clim. Past, 11, 15–25, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-15-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-15-2015, 2015
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New diatom isotope records are presented alongside existing geochemical and isotope records to document changes in the photic zone, including nutrient supply and the efficiency of the soft-tissue biological pump, between MIS 4 and MIS 5e in the subarctic north-west Pacific Ocean. The results provide evidence for temporal changes in the strength and efficiency of the regional soft-tissue biological pump, altering the ratio of regenerated to preformed nutrients in the water.
D. Sprenk, M. E. Weber, G. Kuhn, V. Wennrich, T. Hartmann, and K. Seelos
Clim. Past, 10, 1239–1251, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1239-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1239-2014, 2014
T. Caley, J.-H. Kim, B. Malaizé, J. Giraudeau, T. Laepple, N. Caillon, K. Charlier, H. Rebaubier, L. Rossignol, I. S. Castañeda, S. Schouten, and J. S. Sinninghe Damsté
Clim. Past, 7, 1285–1296, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-7-1285-2011, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-7-1285-2011, 2011
G. Trommer, M. Siccha, E. J. Rohling, K. Grant, M. T. J. van der Meer, S. Schouten, U. Baranowski, and M. Kucera
Clim. Past, 7, 941–955, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-7-941-2011, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-7-941-2011, 2011
S. Sepulcre, L. Vidal, K. Tachikawa, F. Rostek, and E. Bard
Clim. Past, 7, 75–90, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-7-75-2011, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-7-75-2011, 2011
C. Siberlin and C. Wunsch
Clim. Past, 7, 27–39, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-7-27-2011, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-7-27-2011, 2011
A. H. L. Voelker, T. Rodrigues, K. Billups, D. Oppo, J. McManus, R. Stein, J. Hefter, and J. O. Grimalt
Clim. Past, 6, 531–552, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-6-531-2010, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-6-531-2010, 2010
L. E. Lisiecki
Clim. Past, 6, 305–314, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-6-305-2010, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-6-305-2010, 2010
M. Ziegler, L. J. Lourens, E. Tuenter, and G.-J. Reichart
Clim. Past, 6, 63–76, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-6-63-2010, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-6-63-2010, 2010
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Short summary
This work documents major oceanographic changes that occurred in the N. Atlantic from 812 to 530 ka and were related to the mid-Pleistocene transition. Since ~ 650 ka, glacials were more prolonged and intense than before. Larger ice sheets may have worked as a positive feedback mechanism to prolong the duration of glacials. We explore the connection between the change in the N. Atlantic oceanography and the enhanced ice-sheet growth, which contributed to the change of cyclicity in climate.
This work documents major oceanographic changes that occurred in the N. Atlantic from 812 to...
