Articles | Volume 22, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-22-825-2026
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-22-825-2026
Research article
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17 Apr 2026
Research article | Highlight paper |  | 17 Apr 2026

Growth and decay of the Iceland Ice Sheet through the last glacial cycle

Alexis Arturo Goffin, Lev Tarasov, Ívar Örn Benediktsson, and Joseph M. Licciardi

Data sets

Iceland ice sheet paleo-constraint database A. A. Goffin, L. Tarasov, Í. Ö. Benediktsson, and J. Licciardi, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19453940

Model code and software

The glacial systems model (GSM) Version 25G, code archive L. Tarasov, B. S. Lecavalier, K. Hank, and D. Pollard https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17364330

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Editorial statement
The expansion of the glacial ice shield on Iceland and its lateral expansion is a big unknown in paleoclimate and paleoceanography. Its expansion into the Denmark Strait region has major implication on the water mass exchange across the Strait, in particular for the outlfow of Denmark Strait Overflow Water. This modeling study is bringing exciting new insights and constrains on the behavior of the Iceland ice cap throughout the last glacial cycle.
Short summary
We simulated the Icelandic Ice Sheet over the last 120 kyr using an ice sheet model constrained by geological data with robust uncertainty assessment. At the Last Glacial Maximum, ice reached the continental shelf break, with a potential ice bridge connecting to the Greenland Ice Sheet. Model consistency with geological constraints during deglaciation is only possible with meltwater-driven ice fracture at the ice sheet margin, destabilizing the marine ice sheet and accelerating its collapse.
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