Articles | Volume 22, issue 10
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-22-1881-2026
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-22-1881-2026
Review article
 | 
08 Oct 2026
Review article |  | 08 Oct 2026

Antarctic sea ice over the past 130 000 years – Part 2: A review of its role in the Earth system

Zanna Chase, Karen E. Kohfeld, Amy Leventer, David Lund, Xavier Crosta, Laurie Menviel, Helen C. Bostock, Matthew Chadwick, Samuel L. Jaccard, Jacob Jones, Alice Marzocchi, Katrin J. Meissner, Elisabeth Sikes, Louise C. Sime, and Luke Skinner

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Latest update: 08 Oct 2026
Short summary
The impacts of recent dramatic declines in Antarctic sea ice on the Earth system are uncertain. We reviewed how sea ice affects ocean circulation, ice sheets, winds, and the carbon cycle by considering theory and modern observations alongside paleo-proxy reconstructions. We found evidence of connections between sea ice and these systems, but also conflicting results, pointing to missing knowledge. Our work highlights the complex role of sea ice in the Earth system.
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