Climate of the Past
Climate of the Past
CP
Articles | Volume 21, issue 6
Articles | Volume 21, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-1079-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-1079-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 21, issue 6
Rapid communication
 | 
25 Jun 2025
Rapid communication |  | 25 Jun 2025

Rapid communication: Nonlinear sensitivity of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation across climate states

Gabriel M. Pontes, Pedro L. da Silva Dias, and Laurie Menviel

Viewed

Total article views: 1,957 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
HTML PDF XML Total Supplement BibTeX EndNote
1,150 247 560 1,957 123 61 85
  • HTML: 1,150
  • PDF: 247
  • XML: 560
  • Total: 1,957
  • Supplement: 123
  • BibTeX: 61
  • EndNote: 85
Views and downloads (calculated since 11 Oct 2024)
Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 11 Oct 2024)

Viewed (geographical distribution)

Total article views: 1,957 (including HTML, PDF, and XML) Thereof 1,957 with geography defined and 0 with unknown origin.
Country # Views %
  • 1
1
 
 
 
 
Latest update: 09 Feb 2026
Download
Short summary
El Niño events are the main drivers of year-to-year climate variability. Understanding how El Niño activity is affected by different climate states is of great relevance to agriculture, water, ecosystem, and climate risk management. Through analysis of past and future climate simulations, we show that the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) sensitivity to mean state changes is nonlinear and, to some extent, shaped by atmospheric CO2 levels.
Read more
Share