Articles | Volume 20, issue 9
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-1939-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-1939-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
11 Sep 2024
Research article |
| 11 Sep 2024
| 11 Sep 2024
The climate and vegetation of Europe, northern Africa, and the Middle East during the Last Glacial Maximum (21 000 yr BP) based on pollen data
Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
Marc Fasel
enviroSPACE lab, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, 1211, Switzerland
Jed O. Kaplan
Department of Earth Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
Emmanuele Russo
Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
Ariane Burke
Laboratoire d'Ecomorphologie et de Paleoanthropologie, Departement d'Anthropologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3C 3J7, Canada
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Short summary
During the last ice age (21 000 yr BP) in Europe, the composition and extent of forest and its associated climate remain unclear, with models indicating more forest north of the Alps and a warmer and somewhat wetter climate than suggested by the data. A new compilation of pollen records with improved dating suggests greater agreement with model climates but still suggests models overestimate forest cover, especially in the west.
During the last ice age (21 000 yr BP) in Europe, the composition and extent of forest and its...
