Articles | Volume 19, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-803-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-803-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
05 Apr 2023
Research article |
| 05 Apr 2023
| 05 Apr 2023
Holocene climates of the Iberian Peninsula: pollen-based reconstructions of changes in the west–east gradient of temperature and moisture
Mengmeng Liu
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Buckhurst Road, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK
Yicheng Shen
Geography & Environmental Science, Reading University, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AH, UK
Penelope González-Sampériz
Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología – CSIC, Avda. Montañana 1005, 50059, Zaragoza, Spain
Graciela Gil-Romera
Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología – CSIC, Avda. Montañana 1005, 50059, Zaragoza, Spain
Cajo J. F. ter Braak
Biometris (Applied Mathematics and Applied Statistics Centre), Wageningen University & Research, 6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
Iain Colin Prentice
Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Buckhurst Road, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK
Sandy P. Harrison
Geography & Environmental Science, Reading University, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AH, UK
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Cited
16 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Influence of environmental factors on pollen- and chironomid-based Holocene temperature inferences: A multisite comparison in eastern Canada J. Lesven et al.
- Pollen-based climatic reconstructions for the interglacial analogues of MIS 1 (MIS 19, 11, and 5) in the southwestern Mediterranean: insights from ODP Site 976 D. Sassoon et al.
- European tree cover during the Holocene reconstructed from pollen records L. Sweeney et al.
- Climate deterioration and subsistence economy in prehistoric Southern Iberia: an evaluation of potential links based on regional trajectories J. Schirrmacher et al.
- Exploratory Temporal and Evolutionary Insights into the Filoviridae Family Through Multiprotein Phylogeny T. Messias et al.
- The Prados del Cervunal morainic complex: Evidence of a MIS 2 glaciation in the Iberian Central System synchronous to the global LGM R. Carrasco et al.
- A global analysis of pollen-based reconstructions of land climate changes during Dansgaard–Oeschger events M. Liu et al.
- North–south Holocene seasonal contrast on the Italian peninsula: Clarification of the latitudinal transition zone based on the multi-proxy study of Lago Grande di Monticchio L. d’Oliveira et al.
- From terrestrialisation to disturbance: long-term trajectories of a fen ecosystem and its conservation implications in the Xistral Mountains, NW Iberia Á. Hernando Bartolomé et al.
- Holocene climate dynamics in the central Mediterranean inferred from pollen data L. d'Oliveira et al.
- Tree-ring stable isotopes from the European Alps reveal long-term summer drying over the Holocene T. Arosio et al.
- Sheep and goat management practices at Perdigões (Southern Portugal, 4th millennium BC) via sequential carbon and oxygen isotopic analyses of tooth enamel A. Leite et al.
- High-quality genome assembly of Chironomus riparius and its population history in European populations L. Pettrich et al.
- Pollen-based reconstructions of Holocene climate trends in the eastern Mediterranean region E. Cruz-Silva et al.
- Approaches to pollen taxonomic harmonisation in Quaternary palynology H. Birks et al.
- Syntheses of pollen-based temperature reconstructions with respect to seasonal and spatiotemporal change in Europe R. Geng et al.
16 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Influence of environmental factors on pollen- and chironomid-based Holocene temperature inferences: A multisite comparison in eastern Canada J. Lesven et al.
- Pollen-based climatic reconstructions for the interglacial analogues of MIS 1 (MIS 19, 11, and 5) in the southwestern Mediterranean: insights from ODP Site 976 D. Sassoon et al.
- European tree cover during the Holocene reconstructed from pollen records L. Sweeney et al.
- Climate deterioration and subsistence economy in prehistoric Southern Iberia: an evaluation of potential links based on regional trajectories J. Schirrmacher et al.
- Exploratory Temporal and Evolutionary Insights into the Filoviridae Family Through Multiprotein Phylogeny T. Messias et al.
- The Prados del Cervunal morainic complex: Evidence of a MIS 2 glaciation in the Iberian Central System synchronous to the global LGM R. Carrasco et al.
- A global analysis of pollen-based reconstructions of land climate changes during Dansgaard–Oeschger events M. Liu et al.
- North–south Holocene seasonal contrast on the Italian peninsula: Clarification of the latitudinal transition zone based on the multi-proxy study of Lago Grande di Monticchio L. d’Oliveira et al.
- From terrestrialisation to disturbance: long-term trajectories of a fen ecosystem and its conservation implications in the Xistral Mountains, NW Iberia Á. Hernando Bartolomé et al.
- Holocene climate dynamics in the central Mediterranean inferred from pollen data L. d'Oliveira et al.
- Tree-ring stable isotopes from the European Alps reveal long-term summer drying over the Holocene T. Arosio et al.
- Sheep and goat management practices at Perdigões (Southern Portugal, 4th millennium BC) via sequential carbon and oxygen isotopic analyses of tooth enamel A. Leite et al.
- High-quality genome assembly of Chironomus riparius and its population history in European populations L. Pettrich et al.
- Pollen-based reconstructions of Holocene climate trends in the eastern Mediterranean region E. Cruz-Silva et al.
- Approaches to pollen taxonomic harmonisation in Quaternary palynology H. Birks et al.
- Syntheses of pollen-based temperature reconstructions with respect to seasonal and spatiotemporal change in Europe R. Geng et al.
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 09 May 2026
Short summary
We reconstructed the Holocene climates in the Iberian Peninsula using a large pollen data set and found that the west–east moisture gradient was much flatter than today. We also found that the winter was much colder, which can be expected from the low winter insolation during the Holocene. However, summer temperature did not follow the trend of summer insolation, instead, it was strongly correlated with moisture.
We reconstructed the Holocene climates in the Iberian Peninsula using a large pollen data set...
