Articles | Volume 18, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-845-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-845-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
20 Apr 2022
Research article |
| 20 Apr 2022
| 20 Apr 2022
Evaluating seasonal sea-ice cover over the Southern Ocean at the Last Glacial Maximum
Climate Change Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science, Sydney, Australia
Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, USA
Laurie Menviel
Climate Change Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
The Australian Centre for Excellence in Antarctic Science, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
Katrin J. Meissner
Climate Change Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science, Sydney, Australia
Xavier Crosta
Université de Bordeaux EPOC, UMR 5805, Pessac, France
Deepak Chandan
Department of Physics, University of Toronto, 60 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A7, Canada
Gerrit Lohmann
Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven, Germany
Institute for Environmental Physics, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
W. Richard Peltier
Department of Physics, University of Toronto, 60 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A7, Canada
Xiaoxu Shi
Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven, Germany
Jiang Zhu
Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado, USA
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Cited
12 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Last Glacial Maximum pattern effects reduce climate sensitivity estimates V. Cooper et al. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adk9461
- Antarctic sea ice over the past 130 000 years – Part 1: a review of what proxy records tell us X. Crosta et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1729-2022
- Mid-to-late Pleistocene Depositional Environments at the Ross Sea Continental margin: Implications for Antarctic Ice Sheet Dynamics C. Dash et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2025.113355
- Multi-model assessment of the deglacial climatic evolution at high southern latitudes T. Obase et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-1443-2025
- Evolution of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation since the last glaciation: model simulations and relevance to present and future Z. Liu https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2022.0190
- Evaluation of geomagnetic relative palaeointensity as a chronostratigraphic tool in the Southern Ocean: Refined Plio-/Pleistocene chronology of IODP Site U1533 (Amundsen Sea, West Antarctica) B. Hopkins et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2023.108460
- Compilation of Southern Ocean sea-ice records covering the last glacial-interglacial cycle (12–130 ka) M. Chadwick et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1815-2022
- Deglacial and Holocene sea-ice and climate dynamics in the Bransfield Strait, northern Antarctic Peninsula M. Vorrath et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-1061-2023
- Zonally asymmetric changes in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current strength over the past million years S. Wu et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-025-01901-2
- Early sea ice decline off East Antarctica at the last glacial–interglacial climate transition H. Sadatzki et al. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adh9513
- Terrestrial dominance of sedimentary organic carbon sink in the Antarctic Weddell Sea since MIS 5 Y. Hu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2026.123369
- Southern Ocean glacial conditions and their influence on deglacial events E. Sikes et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43017-023-00436-7
12 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Last Glacial Maximum pattern effects reduce climate sensitivity estimates V. Cooper et al. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adk9461
- Antarctic sea ice over the past 130 000 years – Part 1: a review of what proxy records tell us X. Crosta et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1729-2022
- Mid-to-late Pleistocene Depositional Environments at the Ross Sea Continental margin: Implications for Antarctic Ice Sheet Dynamics C. Dash et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2025.113355
- Multi-model assessment of the deglacial climatic evolution at high southern latitudes T. Obase et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-1443-2025
- Evolution of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation since the last glaciation: model simulations and relevance to present and future Z. Liu https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2022.0190
- Evaluation of geomagnetic relative palaeointensity as a chronostratigraphic tool in the Southern Ocean: Refined Plio-/Pleistocene chronology of IODP Site U1533 (Amundsen Sea, West Antarctica) B. Hopkins et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2023.108460
- Compilation of Southern Ocean sea-ice records covering the last glacial-interglacial cycle (12–130 ka) M. Chadwick et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1815-2022
- Deglacial and Holocene sea-ice and climate dynamics in the Bransfield Strait, northern Antarctic Peninsula M. Vorrath et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-1061-2023
- Zonally asymmetric changes in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current strength over the past million years S. Wu et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-025-01901-2
- Early sea ice decline off East Antarctica at the last glacial–interglacial climate transition H. Sadatzki et al. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adh9513
- Terrestrial dominance of sedimentary organic carbon sink in the Antarctic Weddell Sea since MIS 5 Y. Hu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2026.123369
- Southern Ocean glacial conditions and their influence on deglacial events E. Sikes et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43017-023-00436-7
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 13 Jun 2026
Short summary
Climate models are used to predict future climate changes and as such, it is important to assess their performance in simulating past climate changes. We analyze seasonal sea-ice cover over the Southern Ocean simulated from numerical PMIP3, PMIP4 and LOVECLIM simulations during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Comparing these simulations to proxy data, we provide improved estimates of LGM seasonal sea-ice cover. Our estimate of summer sea-ice extent is 20 %–30 % larger than previous estimates.
Climate models are used to predict future climate changes and as such, it is important to assess...
