Articles | Volume 17, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-253-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-253-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| Highlight paper
| 
27 Jan 2021
Research article | Highlight paper |
| 27 Jan 2021
| 27 Jan 2021
Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) climate forcing and ocean dynamical feedback and their implications for estimating climate sensitivity
Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory, National Center for
Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
Christopher J. Poulsen
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Cited
24 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Impact of Dust on Climate and AMOC During the Last Glacial Maximum Simulated by CESM1.2 M. Zhang et al.
- Small Impact of Stratospheric Dynamics and Chemistry on the Surface Temperature of the Last Glacial Maximum in CESM2(WACCM6ma) J. Zhu et al.
- Snowball Earth transitions from Last Glacial Maximum conditions provide an independent upper limit on Earth's climate sensitivity M. Renoult et al.
- Global variability in LGM cooling amongst paleoclimate datasets affects biome reconstructions in mountains E. Rentier et al.
- LGM Paleoclimate Constraints Inform Cloud Parameterizations and Equilibrium Climate Sensitivity in CESM2 J. Zhu et al.
- Does Disabling Cloud Radiative Feedbacks Change Spatial Patterns of Surface Greenhouse Warming and Cooling? J. Chalmers et al.
- Developing Guidelines for working with Multi-Model Ensembles in CMIP A. Katzenberger et al.
- Asymmetric Warming/Cooling Response to CO2 Increase/Decrease Mainly Due To Non‐Logarithmic Forcing, Not Feedbacks I. Mitevski et al.
- Quaternary glaciations in Southern Africa? A “moraine” in the Lesotho highland revisited V. Bayer et al.
- Multi-model assessment of the deglacial climatic evolution at high southern latitudes T. Obase et al.
- Lessons from paleoclimates for recent and future climate change: opportunities and insights M. Kageyama et al.
- Simulating surface warming in Earth's three polar regions during the Middle Miocene Climatic Optimum using isotopic and non-isotopic versions of the Community Earth System Model Y. Sun et al.
- network-based constraint to evaluate climate sensitivity L. Ricard et al.
- Large-ensemble simulations of the North American and Greenland ice sheets at the Last Glacial Maximum with a coupled atmospheric general circulation–ice sheet model S. Sherriff-Tadano et al.
- Impact-induced initiation of Snowball Earth: A model study M. Fu et al.
- The Glacier‐Climate Interaction Over the Tibetan Plateau and Its Surroundings During the Last Glacial Maximum Q. Wei et al.
- Last Glacial Maximum pattern effects reduce climate sensitivity estimates V. Cooper et al.
- Sea ice feedbacks cause more greenhouse cooling than greenhouse warming at high northern latitudes on multi-century timescales J. Kay et al.
- Objectively combining climate sensitivity evidence N. Lewis
- Global and Regional Climate Feedbacks in Response to Uniform Warming and Cooling M. Ringer et al.
- Drivers of the δ18O changes in Indian Summer Monsoon precipitation between the Last Glacial Maximum and pre-industrial period T. Tharammal et al.
- Paleoclimate pattern effects help constrain climate sensitivity and 21st-century warming V. Cooper et al.
- Northern Hemisphere vegetation change drives a Holocene thermal maximum A. Thompson et al.
- Causes of the weak emergent constraint on climate sensitivity at the Last Glacial Maximum M. Renoult et al.
24 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Impact of Dust on Climate and AMOC During the Last Glacial Maximum Simulated by CESM1.2 M. Zhang et al.
- Small Impact of Stratospheric Dynamics and Chemistry on the Surface Temperature of the Last Glacial Maximum in CESM2(WACCM6ma) J. Zhu et al.
- Snowball Earth transitions from Last Glacial Maximum conditions provide an independent upper limit on Earth's climate sensitivity M. Renoult et al.
- Global variability in LGM cooling amongst paleoclimate datasets affects biome reconstructions in mountains E. Rentier et al.
- LGM Paleoclimate Constraints Inform Cloud Parameterizations and Equilibrium Climate Sensitivity in CESM2 J. Zhu et al.
- Does Disabling Cloud Radiative Feedbacks Change Spatial Patterns of Surface Greenhouse Warming and Cooling? J. Chalmers et al.
- Developing Guidelines for working with Multi-Model Ensembles in CMIP A. Katzenberger et al.
- Asymmetric Warming/Cooling Response to CO2 Increase/Decrease Mainly Due To Non‐Logarithmic Forcing, Not Feedbacks I. Mitevski et al.
- Quaternary glaciations in Southern Africa? A “moraine” in the Lesotho highland revisited V. Bayer et al.
- Multi-model assessment of the deglacial climatic evolution at high southern latitudes T. Obase et al.
- Lessons from paleoclimates for recent and future climate change: opportunities and insights M. Kageyama et al.
- Simulating surface warming in Earth's three polar regions during the Middle Miocene Climatic Optimum using isotopic and non-isotopic versions of the Community Earth System Model Y. Sun et al.
- network-based constraint to evaluate climate sensitivity L. Ricard et al.
- Large-ensemble simulations of the North American and Greenland ice sheets at the Last Glacial Maximum with a coupled atmospheric general circulation–ice sheet model S. Sherriff-Tadano et al.
- Impact-induced initiation of Snowball Earth: A model study M. Fu et al.
- The Glacier‐Climate Interaction Over the Tibetan Plateau and Its Surroundings During the Last Glacial Maximum Q. Wei et al.
- Last Glacial Maximum pattern effects reduce climate sensitivity estimates V. Cooper et al.
- Sea ice feedbacks cause more greenhouse cooling than greenhouse warming at high northern latitudes on multi-century timescales J. Kay et al.
- Objectively combining climate sensitivity evidence N. Lewis
- Global and Regional Climate Feedbacks in Response to Uniform Warming and Cooling M. Ringer et al.
- Drivers of the δ18O changes in Indian Summer Monsoon precipitation between the Last Glacial Maximum and pre-industrial period T. Tharammal et al.
- Paleoclimate pattern effects help constrain climate sensitivity and 21st-century warming V. Cooper et al.
- Northern Hemisphere vegetation change drives a Holocene thermal maximum A. Thompson et al.
- Causes of the weak emergent constraint on climate sensitivity at the Last Glacial Maximum M. Renoult et al.
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 24 May 2026
Short summary
Climate sensitivity has been directly calculated from paleoclimate data. This approach relies on good understandings of climate forcings and interactions within the Earth system. We conduct Last Glacial Maximum simulations using a climate model to quantify the forcing and efficacy of ice sheets and greenhouse gases and to directly estimate climate sensitivity in the model. Results suggest that the direct calculation overestimates the truth by 25 % due to neglecting ocean dynamical feedback.
Climate sensitivity has been directly calculated from paleoclimate data. This approach relies on...
