Articles | Volume 12, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-749-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-749-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
23 Mar 2016
Research article |
| 23 Mar 2016
Arctic sea ice simulation in the PlioMIP ensemble
Fergus W. Howell
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
Alan M. Haywood
School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
Bette L. Otto-Bliesner
National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA
Fran Bragg
School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
Wing-Le Chan
Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
Mark A. Chandler
Columbia University – NASA/GISS-E2-R, New York, NY, USA
Camille Contoux
Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, CEREGE UM34, Aix en Provence, France
Youichi Kamae
Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
Ayako Abe-Ouchi
Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokohama, Japan
Nan A. Rosenbloom
National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA
Christian Stepanek
Alfred Wegener Institute – Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
Zhongshi Zhang
Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway
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Cited
14 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Contribution of the coupled atmosphere–ocean–sea ice–vegetation model COSMOS to the PlioMIP2 C. Stepanek et al.
- How to reduce long-term drift in present-day and deep-time simulations? M. Brunetti & C. Vérard
- Simulation of the mid-Pliocene Warm Period using HadGEM3: experimental design and results from model–model and model–data comparison C. Williams et al.
- Evaluation of Arctic warming in mid-Pliocene climate simulations W. de Nooijer et al.
- Influence of Model Bias on Simulating North Atlantic Sea Surface Temperature During the Mid‐Pliocene Z. Song et al.
- The Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2: large-scale climate features and climate sensitivity A. Haywood et al.
- Sensitivity of Pliocene climate simulations in MRI-CGCM2.3 to respective boundary conditions Y. Kamae et al.
- Seasonal sea ice cover during the warm Pliocene: Evidence from the Iceland Sea (ODP Site 907) C. Clotten et al.
- Quantifying the developed and developing worlds’ carbon reduction contributions to Northern Hemisphere cryosphere change S. Yang et al.
- PlioMIP2 simulations with NorESM-L and NorESM1-F X. Li et al.
- Modeling a modern-like pCO2 warm period (Marine Isotope Stage KM5c) with two versions of an Institut Pierre Simon Laplace atmosphere–ocean coupled general circulation model N. Tan et al.
- Amplified North Atlantic warming in the late Pliocene by changes in Arctic gateways B. Otto‐Bliesner et al.
- Sensitivity of mid-Pliocene climate to changes in orbital forcing and PlioMIP's boundary conditions E. Samakinwa et al.
- Amplified Late Pliocene terrestrial warmth in northern high latitudes from greater radiative forcing and closed Arctic Ocean gateways R. Feng et al.
14 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Contribution of the coupled atmosphere–ocean–sea ice–vegetation model COSMOS to the PlioMIP2 C. Stepanek et al.
- How to reduce long-term drift in present-day and deep-time simulations? M. Brunetti & C. Vérard
- Simulation of the mid-Pliocene Warm Period using HadGEM3: experimental design and results from model–model and model–data comparison C. Williams et al.
- Evaluation of Arctic warming in mid-Pliocene climate simulations W. de Nooijer et al.
- Influence of Model Bias on Simulating North Atlantic Sea Surface Temperature During the Mid‐Pliocene Z. Song et al.
- The Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2: large-scale climate features and climate sensitivity A. Haywood et al.
- Sensitivity of Pliocene climate simulations in MRI-CGCM2.3 to respective boundary conditions Y. Kamae et al.
- Seasonal sea ice cover during the warm Pliocene: Evidence from the Iceland Sea (ODP Site 907) C. Clotten et al.
- Quantifying the developed and developing worlds’ carbon reduction contributions to Northern Hemisphere cryosphere change S. Yang et al.
- PlioMIP2 simulations with NorESM-L and NorESM1-F X. Li et al.
- Modeling a modern-like pCO2 warm period (Marine Isotope Stage KM5c) with two versions of an Institut Pierre Simon Laplace atmosphere–ocean coupled general circulation model N. Tan et al.
- Amplified North Atlantic warming in the late Pliocene by changes in Arctic gateways B. Otto‐Bliesner et al.
- Sensitivity of mid-Pliocene climate to changes in orbital forcing and PlioMIP's boundary conditions E. Samakinwa et al.
- Amplified Late Pliocene terrestrial warmth in northern high latitudes from greater radiative forcing and closed Arctic Ocean gateways R. Feng et al.
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 17 May 2026
Short summary
Simulations of pre-industrial and mid-Pliocene Arctic sea ice by eight GCMs are analysed. Ensemble variability in sea ice extent is greater in the mid-Pliocene summer, when half of the models simulate sea-ice-free conditions. Weaker correlations are seen between sea ice extent and temperatures in the pre-industrial era compared to the mid-Pliocene. The need for more comprehensive sea ice proxy data is highlighted, in order to better compare model performances.
Simulations of pre-industrial and mid-Pliocene Arctic sea ice by eight GCMs are analysed....
