Climate of the Past
Climate of the Past
CP
Articles | Volume 22, issue 4
Articles | Volume 22, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-22-891-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-22-891-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 22, issue 4
Research article
 | 
22 Apr 2026
Research article |  | 22 Apr 2026

Impact of the temperature-cloud phase relationship on the simulated Arctic warming during the Last Interglacial

Nozomi Arima, Masakazu Yoshimori, Ayako Abe-Ouchi, Ryouta O'ishi, Wing-Le Chan, Sam Sherriff-Tadano, and Tomoo Ogura

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Short summary
During the Last Interglacial period, spanning 129 000 to 116 000 years ago, the Arctic was considered warmer than during the preindustrial period. Many climate models do not simulate an ice-free Arctic Ocean in summer, as suggested by recent reconstructions. Here, we examine the importance of how the liquid or solid phase of cloud particles is determined in models. It is found that the representation of cloud phase indeed has a substantial impact on the simulation of summer sea ice cover.
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