Articles | Volume 22, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-22-709-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-22-709-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
31 Mar 2026
Research article |
| 31 Mar 2026
| 31 Mar 2026
Silicate weathering in the semi-arid Southern Pyrenees during the PETM: lithium isotope evidence
Rocio Jaimes-Gutierrez
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Geneva, Rue des Maraîchers 13, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
Marine Prieur
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Geneva, Rue des Maraîchers 13, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
David J. Wilson
London Geochemistry and Isotope Centre (LOGIC), Institute of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University College London and Birkbeck, University of London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
Philip A. E. Pogge von Strandmann
London Geochemistry and Isotope Centre (LOGIC), Institute of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University College London and Birkbeck, University of London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
Institute of Geosciences, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
Emmanuelle Pucéat
Biogéosciences Dijon, Université Bourgogne Franche – Comté, UMR CNRS 6282, Dijon, France
Thierry Adatte
Institute of Earth Sciences, Géopolis, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
Jorge E. Spangenberg
Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, Géopolis, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
Sébastien Castelltort
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Geneva, Rue des Maraîchers 13, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
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Amy I. Hsieh, Thierry Adatte, Shraddha Band, Li Lo, Romain Vaucher, Brahimsamba Bomou, Laszlo Kocsis, Pei-Ling Wang, and Samuel Jaccard
Clim. Past, 22, 227–246, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-22-227-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-22-227-2026, 2026
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Our study of late Miocene–early Pleistocene sedimentary records from the Taiwan Western Foreland Basin and the northern South China Sea found that physical erosion of tropical mountain belts by intense monsoon and tropical cyclone precipitation influences carbon burial by: 1) erosion and burial of organic carbon from land, and 2) supplying nutrients that enhance marine photosynthesis. This work links mountain building and erosion in tropical regions directly to carbon storage in nearby oceans.
Jelle Bijma, Mathilde Hagens, Jens S. Hammes, Noah Planavsky, Philip A. E. Pogge von Strandmann, Tom Reershemius, Christopher T. Reinhard, Phil Renforth, Tim J. Suhrhoff, Sara Vicca, Arthur Vienne, and Dieter Wolf-Gladrow
Biogeosciences, 23, 53–75, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-53-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-53-2026, 2026
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Enhanced rock weathering is a nature based negative emission technology, that permanently stores CO2. It requires rock-flour to be added to arable land with the help of farmers. To be eligible for carbon credits calls for a simple but scientifically solid, so called, Monitoring, Reporting & Verification” (MRV). We demonstrate that the commonly used carbon-based accounting is ill-suited to close the balance in open systems such as arable land, and argue for cation-based accounting strategy.
Jens S. Hammes, Jens Hartmann, Johannes A. C. Barth, Tobias Linke, Ingrid Smet, Mathilde Hagens, Philip A. E. Pogge von Strandmann, Tom Reershemius, Bruno Casimiro, Arthur Vienne, Anna A. Stoeckel, Ralf Steffens, and Dirk Paessler
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-5402, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-5402, 2025
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To test enhanced weathering's efficacy, we ran a two-year greenhouse study under warm, wet conditions, comparing several rock additives across farm soils. We tracked alkalinity and cation soil pools. Soil type was decisive: acidic, low-buffer soils exported more additional alkalinity, while alkaline or pH neutral soils retained it in cation pools. The results point to where enhanced weathering can deliver durable carbon removal and underscore the need for long, well-controlled trials.
Fien De Doncker, Frédéric Herman, Bruno Belotti, and Thierry Adatte
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-4695, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-4695, 2025
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Sediments carried by rivers can damage infrastructure, affect ecosystems, and alter landscapes, yet it is often unclear where these sediments come from, especially in regions hidden beneath ice. We developed a simple way to trace their origins by shining X-rays on crushed rocks and sediments. The resulting X-ray signals act like fingerprints that can be matched to source rocks, revealing where sediments come from and allowing us to map erosion across landscapes.
Amanda Lily Wild, Jean Braun, Alexander C. Whittaker, and Sebastien Castelltort
Earth Surf. Dynam., 13, 875–887, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-13-875-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-13-875-2025, 2025
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Sediments deposited within river channels form the stratigraphic record, which has been used to interpret tectonic events, basin subsidence, and changes in precipitation long after ancient mountain chains have eroded away. Our work combines methods for estimating gravel fining with a landscape evolution model in order to analyze the grain size preserved within the stratigraphic record with greater complexity (e.g. considering topography and channel dynamics) than past approaches.
Amanda Lily Wild, Jean Braun, Alexander C. Whittaker, Marine Prieur, and Sebastien Castelltort
Earth Surf. Dynam., 13, 889–905, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-13-889-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-13-889-2025, 2025
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Sediments deposited within river channels form the stratigraphic record, which has been used to interpret tectonic events, basin subsidence, and changes in precipitation long after ancient mountain chains have eroded away. Our work combines methods for estimating gravel fining with a Landscape Evolution Model in order to analyze the grain size preserved within the stratigraphic record with greater complexity (e.g. considering topography and channel dynamics) than past approaches.
Amanda Lily Wild, Jean Braun, Alexander C. Whittaker, and Sebastien Castelltort
Earth Surf. Dynam., 13, 907–922, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-13-907-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-13-907-2025, 2025
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Sediments deposited within river channels form the stratigraphic record, which has been used to interpret tectonic events, basin subsidence, and changes in precipitation long after ancient mountain chains have eroded away. Our work combines methods for estimating gravel fining with a landscape evolution model in order to analyze the grain size preserved within the stratigraphic record with greater complexity (e.g. considering topography and channel dynamics) than past approaches.
Florian Franziskakis, Christian Vérard, Sébastien Castelltort, and Grégory Giuliani
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-4-W13-2025, 111–118, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-4-W13-2025-111-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-4-W13-2025-111-2025, 2025
Sune G. Nielsen, Frieder Klein, Horst R. Marschall, Philip A. E. Pogge von Strandmann, and Maureen Auro
Solid Earth, 15, 1143–1154, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-15-1143-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-15-1143-2024, 2024
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Magnesium isotope ratios of arc lavas have been proposed as a proxy for serpentinite subduction, but uncertainties remain regarding their utility. Here we show that bulk serpentinite Mg isotope ratios are identical to the mantle, whereas the serpentinite mineral brucite is enriched in heavy Mg isotopes. Thus, Mg isotope ratios may only be used as serpentinite subduction proxies if brucite is preferentially mobilized from the slab at pressures and temperatures within the arc magma source region.
Nikhil Sharma, Jorge E. Spangenberg, Thierry Adatte, Torsten Vennemann, László Kocsis, Jean Vérité, Luis Valero, and Sébastien Castelltort
Clim. Past, 20, 935–949, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-935-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-935-2024, 2024
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The Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO) is an enigmatic global warming event with scarce terrestrial records. To contribute, this study presents a new comprehensive geochemical record of the MECO in the fluvial Escanilla Formation, Spain. In addition to identifying the regional preservation of the MECO, results demonstrate continental sedimentary successions, as key archives of past climate and stable isotopes, to be a powerful tool in correlating difficult-to-date fluvial successions.
Cécile Charles, Nora Khelidj, Lucia Mottet, Bao Ngan Tu, Thierry Adatte, Brahimsamba Bomou, Micaela Faria, Laetitia Monbaron, Olivier Reubi, Natasha de Vere, Stéphanie Grand, and Gianalberto Losapio
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-991, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-991, 2024
Preprint archived
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We found that novel ecosystems created by glacier retreat are first characterized by an increase in plant diversity that is driven by a shift in soil texture. Plant diversity in turn increases soil organic matter and nutrient. Soils gradually acidifies and leads to a final stage where a dominance of few plant species reduces plant diversity. Understanding plant–soil interactions is crucial to anticipate how glacier retreat shapes biodiversity and landscapes.
Ariel Henrique do Prado, David Mair, Philippos Garefalakis, Chantal Schmidt, Alexander Whittaker, Sebastien Castelltort, and Fritz Schlunegger
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 28, 1173–1190, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-1173-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-1173-2024, 2024
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Engineering structures known as check dams are built with the intention of managing streams. The effectiveness of such structures can be expressed by quantifying the reduction of the sediment flux after their implementation. In this contribution, we estimate and compare the volumes of sediment transported in a mountain stream for engineered and non-engineered conditions. We found that without check dams the mean sediment flux would be ca. 10 times larger in comparison with the current situation.
Axelle Gardin, Emmanuelle Pucéat, Géraldine Garcia, Jean-Renaud Boisserie, Adélaïde Euriat, Michael M. Joachimski, Alexis Nutz, Mathieu Schuster, and Olga Otero
Biogeosciences, 21, 437–454, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-437-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-437-2024, 2024
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We introduce a novel approach using stable oxygen isotopes from crocodilian fossil teeth to unravel palaeohydrological changes in past continental contexts. Applying it to the Plio-Pleistocene Ethiopian Shungura Formation, we found a significant increase in δ18O in the last 3 million years, likely due to monsoonal shifts and reduced rainfall, and that the local diversity of waterbodies (lakes, rivers, ponds) became restricted.
Morgan T. Jones, Ella W. Stokke, Alan D. Rooney, Joost Frieling, Philip A. E. Pogge von Strandmann, David J. Wilson, Henrik H. Svensen, Sverre Planke, Thierry Adatte, Nicolas Thibault, Madeleine L. Vickers, Tamsin A. Mather, Christian Tegner, Valentin Zuchuat, and Bo P. Schultz
Clim. Past, 19, 1623–1652, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-1623-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-1623-2023, 2023
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There are periods in Earth’s history when huge volumes of magma are erupted at the Earth’s surface. The gases released from volcanic eruptions and from sediments heated by the magma are believed to have caused severe climate changes in the geological past. We use a variety of volcanic and climatic tracers to assess how the North Atlantic Igneous Province (56–54 Ma) affected the oceans and atmosphere during a period of extreme global warming.
Sabí Peris Cabré, Luis Valero, Jorge E. Spangenberg, Andreu Vinyoles, Jean Verité, Thierry Adatte, Maxime Tremblin, Stephen Watkins, Nikhil Sharma, Miguel Garcés, Cai Puigdefàbregas, and Sébastien Castelltort
Clim. Past, 19, 533–554, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-533-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-533-2023, 2023
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The Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO) was a global warming event that took place 40 Myr ago and lasted ca. 500 kyr, inducing physical, chemical, and biotic changes on the Earth. We use stable isotopes to identify the MECO in the Eocene deltaic deposits of the Southern Pyrenees. Our findings reveal enhanced deltaic progradation during the MECO, pointing to the important impact of global warming on fluvial sediment transport with implications for the consequences of current climate change.
Robin Fentimen, Eline Feenstra, Andres Rüggeberg, Efraim Hall, Valentin Rime, Torsten Vennemann, Irka Hajdas, Antonietta Rosso, David Van Rooij, Thierry Adatte, Hendrik Vogel, Norbert Frank, and Anneleen Foubert
Clim. Past, 18, 1915–1945, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1915-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1915-2022, 2022
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The investigation of a 9 m long sediment core recovered at ca. 300 m water depth demonstrates that cold-water coral mound build-up within the East Melilla Coral Province (southeastern Alboran Sea) took place during both interglacial and glacial periods. Based on the combination of different analytical methods (e.g. radiometric dating, micropaleontology), we propose that corals never thrived but rather developed under stressful environmental conditions.
Moussa Moustapha, Loris Deirmendjian, David Sebag, Jean-Jacques Braun, Stéphane Audry, Henriette Ateba Bessa, Thierry Adatte, Carole Causserand, Ibrahima Adamou, Benjamin Ngounou Ngatcha, and Frédéric Guérin
Biogeosciences, 19, 137–163, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-137-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-137-2022, 2022
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We monitor the spatio-temporal variability of organic and inorganic carbon (C) species in the tropical Nyong River (Cameroon), across groundwater and increasing stream orders. We show the significant contribution of wetland as a C source for tropical rivers. Thus, ignoring the river–wetland connectivity might lead to the misrepresentation of C dynamics in tropical watersheds. Finally, total fluvial carbon losses might offset ~10 % of the net C sink estimated for the whole Nyong watershed.
Markus Adloff, Andy Ridgwell, Fanny M. Monteiro, Ian J. Parkinson, Alexander J. Dickson, Philip A. E. Pogge von Strandmann, Matthew S. Fantle, and Sarah E. Greene
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 4187–4223, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-4187-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-4187-2021, 2021
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We present the first representation of the trace metals Sr, Os, Li and Ca in a 3D Earth system model (cGENIE). The simulation of marine metal sources (weathering, hydrothermal input) and sinks (deposition) reproduces the observed concentrations and isotopic homogeneity of these metals in the modern ocean. With these new tracers, cGENIE can be used to test hypotheses linking these metal cycles and the cycling of other elements like O and C and simulate their dynamic response to external forcing.
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Short summary
How do semi-arid landscapes respond to rapid global warming? During the Palaeocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum – an extreme warming event 56 Ma ago – global lithium isotope records show a negative δ7Li excursion, suggesting an increase in weathering fluxes. In the Southern Pyrenees, we find the opposite behaviour: clay δ7Li values became ~1‰ heavier, indicating enhanced clay formation. These results suggest that regional hydroclimatic conditions can decouple regional signals from global averages.
How do semi-arid landscapes respond to rapid global warming? During the Palaeocene-Eocene...
