Articles | Volume 22, issue 9
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-22-1585-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-22-1585-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
31 Aug 2026
Research article |
| 31 Aug 2026
| 31 Aug 2026
Anatolia (Türkiye) during the late Eocene and the Eocene–Oligocene Transition: successive warming and cooling, aridification, and implications for the westward dispersal of Asian terrestrial mammals
Aix Marseille University, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France
Alexis Licht
Aix Marseille University, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France
Anne-Lise Jourdan
Aix Marseille University, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France
Leny Montheil
Aix Marseille University, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France
François Demory
Aix Marseille University, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France
Mustafa Kaya
Geological Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
Faruk Ocakoğlu
Department of Geological Engineering, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Türkiye
Mehmet Serkan Akkiraz
Department of Geological Engineering, Kütahya Dumlupınar University, Kütahya, Türkiye
Deniz İbilioğlu
Department of Geological Engineering, Kütahya Dumlupınar University, Kütahya, Türkiye
Pauline Coster
Réserve naturelle nationale géologique du Luberon, Unesco Global Geopark, Parc naturel régional du Luberon, Apt, France
Grégoire Métais
Centre de recherche en paléontologie - Paris (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Paris, France
Benjamin Raynaud
Centre de recherche en paléontologie - Paris (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Paris, France
K. Christopher Beard
Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
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Short summary
The Eocene–Oligocene Transition (EOT; ~34 Ma) marks a major global cooling that transformed terrestrial ecosystems and influenced mammalian dispersals. A continental record from Anatolia reveals a Late Eocene warming followed by abrupt cooling at the EOT, documented by geochemistry and sedimentology. This interval is also characterized by increasing aridity, which likely contributed to the decline of endemic taxa and facilitated the westward expansion of Asian mammals into western Europe.
The Eocene–Oligocene Transition (EOT; ~34 Ma) marks a major global cooling that transformed...
