Climate of the Past
Climate of the Past
CP
Articles | Volume 21, issue 11
Articles | Volume 21, issue 11
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-2205-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-2205-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 21, issue 11
Research article
 | 
13 Nov 2025
Research article |  | 13 Nov 2025

A five-century tree-ring record from Spain reveals recent intensification of western Mediterranean precipitation extremes

Marcos Marín-Martín, Ernesto Tejedor, Gerardo Benito, Miguel A. Saz, Mariano Barriendos, Edurne Martínez del Castillo, Jan Esper, and Martín de Luis

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Short summary
The Mediterranean faces more extreme weather. To understand these changes beyond short modern records, we studied Spanish pine tree rings, reconstructing over 500 years of rainfall. Our findings show that while past centuries had wet and dry periods, recent decades have experienced an unprecedented surge in both severe droughts and extreme wet events. This long-term view helps assess current climate shifts and their impact on ecosystems and water resources, highlighting the need for adaptation.
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