Climate of the Past
Climate of the Past
CP
Articles | Volume 21, issue 1
Articles | Volume 21, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-1-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-1-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 21, issue 1
Research article
 | 
07 Jan 2025
Research article |  | 07 Jan 2025

A novel explainable deep learning framework for reconstructing South Asian palaeomonsoons

Kieran M. R. Hunt and Sandy P. Harrison

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Short summary
In this study, we train machine learning models on tree rings, speleothems, and instrumental rainfall to estimate seasonal monsoon rainfall over India over the last 500 years. Our models highlight multidecadal droughts in the mid-17th and 19th centuries, and we link these to historical famines. Using techniques from explainable AI (artificial intelligence), we show that our models use known relationships between local hydroclimate and the monsoon circulation.
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