Articles | Volume 18, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1295-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1295-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
20 Jun 2022
Research article |
| 20 Jun 2022
| 20 Jun 2022
Late Paleocene CO2 drawdown, climatic cooling and terrestrial denudation in the southwest Pacific
Christopher J. Hollis
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
GNS Science, Lower Hutt, 5040, New Zealand
School of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
GNS Science, Lower Hutt, 5040, New Zealand
Christopher D. Clowes
GNS Science, Lower Hutt, 5040, New Zealand
B. David A. Naafs
Organic Geochemistry Unit, School of Chemistry, School of Earth
Sciences and Cabot Institute for the Environment, University of Bristol,
Bristol, UK
Richard D. Pancost
Organic Geochemistry Unit, School of Chemistry, School of Earth
Sciences and Cabot Institute for the Environment, University of Bristol,
Bristol, UK
Kyle W. R. Taylor
Organic Geochemistry Unit, School of Chemistry, School of Earth
Sciences and Cabot Institute for the Environment, University of Bristol,
Bristol, UK
Jenny Dahl
GNS Science, Lower Hutt, 5040, New Zealand
Xun Li
GNS Science, Lower Hutt, 5040, New Zealand
G. Todd Ventura
GNS Science, Lower Hutt, 5040, New Zealand
Department of Geology, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
Richard Sykes
GNS Science, Lower Hutt, 5040, New Zealand
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This study examines chemical and biological traces (biomarkers) of microscopic algae in Antarctic sediments. We show how sea ice conditions and different phytoplankton communities influence the types of biomarkers preserved on the seafloor, and how these records reveal an overall increase in sea ice duration in the Ross Sea over the past 200 years.
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Mike Vreeken, Megan N. Jenkins, Siwei Mai, Rebecca H. Peel, Yiming Zhang, Toby A. Halamka, Amelia Oakeshott, Simon M. K. Cheung, Panteleimon Prokopiou, Sam Rangdale, Jerome Blewett, D. Paola Alarcon Prado, Juan C. Benavides, Frank Kansiime, Ellen Kayendeke, Carol Kagaba Kairumba, B. David A. Naafs, Casey Bryce, Angela V. Gallego-Sala, and Richard D. Pancost
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Biogeosciences, 23, 21–38, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-21-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-21-2026, 2026
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Nick R. Hayes, Daniel J. Lunt, Yves Goddéris, Richard D. Pancost, and Heather Buss
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The breakdown of volcanic rocks by water helps balance the climate of the Earth by sequestering atmospheric CO2. The rate of CO2 sequestration is referred to as "weatherability". Our modelling study finds that continental position strongly impacts CO2 concentrations, that runoff strongly controls weatherability, that changes in weatherability may explain long-term trends in atmospheric CO2 concentrations, and that even relatively localised changes in weatherability may have global impacts.
Sara M. Defratyka, Julianne M. Fernandez, Getachew A. Adnew, Guannan Dong, Peter M. J. Douglas, Daniel L. Eldridge, Giuseppe Etiope, Thomas Giunta, Mojhgan A. Haghnegahdar, Alexander N. Hristov, Nicole Hultquist, Iñaki Vadillo, Josue Jautzy, Ji-Hyun Kim, Jabrane Labidi, Ellen Lalk, Wil Leavitt, Jiawen Li, Li-Hung Lin, Jiarui Liu, Lucía Ojeda, Shuhei Ono, Jeemin H. Rhim, Thomas Röckmann, Barbara Sherwood Lollar, Malavika Sivan, Jiayang Sun, Gregory T. Ventura, David T. Wang, Edward D. Young, Naizhong Zhang, and Tim Arnold
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Peter K. Bijl, Kasia K. Śliwińska, Bella Duncan, Arnaud Huguet, Sebastian Naeher, Ronnakrit Rattanasriampaipong, Claudia Sosa-Montes de Oca, Alexandra Auderset, Melissa A. Berke, Bum Soo Kim, Nina Davtian, Tom Dunkley Jones, Desmond D. Eefting, Felix J. Elling, Pierrick Fenies, Gordon N. Inglis, Lauren O'Connor, Richard D. Pancost, Francien Peterse, Addison Rice, Appy Sluijs, Devika Varma, Wenjie Xiao, and Yi Ge Zhang
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Many academic laboratories worldwide process environmental samples for analysis of membrane lipid molecules of archaea, for the reconstruction of past environmental conditions. However, the sample workup scheme involves many steps, each of which has a risk of contamination or bias, affecting the results. This paper reviews steps involved in sampling, extraction and analysis of lipids, interpretation and archiving of the data. This ensures reproducible, reusable, comparable and consistent data.
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We use plant wax compound specific stable isotopes to investigate how ancient Antarctic vegetation adapted to glacial conditions 23 million years ago. We find plants became less water efficient to prioritise photosynthesis during short, harsh growing seasons. Ecosystem changes also included enhanced aridity, and a shift to a stunted, low elevation vegetation. This shows the adaptability of ancient Antarctic vegetation under atmospheric CO2 conditions comparable to modern.
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Untangling the complex tectonic evolution in the Tibetan region can help us understand its impacts on climate, the Asian monsoon system, and the development of major biodiversity hotspots. We show that this “missing link” site between high elevation Tibet and low elevation coastal China had a dynamic environment but no temperature change, meaning its been at its current-day elevation for the past 34 million years.
Jeremy N. Bentley, Gregory T. Ventura, Clifford C. Walters, Stefan M. Sievert, and Jeffrey S. Seewald
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We demonstrate the TEX86 (TetraEther indeX of 86 carbon atoms) paleoclimate proxy can become heavily impacted by the ocean floor archaeal community. The impact results from source inputs, their diagenetic and catagenetic alteration, and further overprint by the additions of lipids from the ocean floor sedimentary archaeal community. We then present a method to correct the overprints by using IPLs (intact polar lipids) extracted from both water column and subsurface archaeal communities.
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Short summary
Previous studies of Paleogene greenhouse climates identified short-lived global warming events, termed hyperthermals, that provide insights into global warming scenarios. Within the same time period, we have identified a short-lived cooling event in the late Paleocene, which we term a hypothermal, that has potential to provide novel insights into the feedback mechanisms at work in a greenhouse climate.
Previous studies of Paleogene greenhouse climates identified short-lived global warming events,...
