New insights into the  ∼ 74&thinsp;ka Toba eruption from sulfur isotopes of polar ice cores

Crick, Laura; Burke, Andrea; Hutchison, William; Kohno, Mika; Moore, Kathryn A.; Savarino, Joel; Doyle, Emily A.; Mahony, Sue; Kipfstuhl, Sepp; Rae, James W. B.; Steele, Robert C. J.; Sparks, R. Stephen J.; Wolff, Eric W.

doi:https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2119-2021

Articles | Volume 17, issue 5

https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2119-2021

© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Special issue:

Interdisciplinary studies of volcanic impacts on climate and...

https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2119-2021

© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 17, issue 5

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18 Oct 2021

Research article | Highlight paper |

| 18 Oct 2021

New insights into the ∼ 74 ka Toba eruption from sulfur isotopes of polar ice cores

Laura Crick, Andrea Burke, William Hutchison, Mika Kohno, Kathryn A. Moore, Joel Savarino, Emily A. Doyle, Sue Mahony, Sepp Kipfstuhl, James W. B. Rae, Robert C. J. Steele, R. Stephen J. Sparks, and Eric W. Wolff

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Jun 2021	64	30	0	94
Jul 2021	50	26	2	78
Aug 2021	84	31	3	118
Sep 2021	44	33	0	77
Oct 2021	527	175	5	707
Nov 2021	223	93	2	318
Dec 2021	164	68	4	236
Jan 2022	157	74	2	233
Feb 2022	115	64	2	181
Mar 2022	115	43	3	161
Apr 2022	89	33	1	123
May 2022	78	31	0	109
Jun 2022	66	25	0	91
Jul 2022	89	20	0	109
Aug 2022	131	24	2	157
Sep 2022	91	26	0	117
Oct 2022	119	67	2	188
Nov 2022	97	36	0	133
Dec 2022	85	23	1	109
Jan 2023	79	40	2	121
Feb 2023	73	28	2	103
Mar 2023	54	20	1	75

Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 14 Apr 2021)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Apr 2021	284	67	3	354
May 2021	132	42	4	178
Jun 2021	64	30	0	94
Jul 2021	50	26	2	78
Aug 2021	84	31	3	118
Sep 2021	44	33	0	77
Oct 2021	527	175	5	707
Nov 2021	223	93	2	318
Dec 2021	164	68	4	236
Jan 2022	157	74	2	233
Feb 2022	115	64	2	181
Mar 2022	115	43	3	161
Apr 2022	89	33	1	123
May 2022	78	31	0	109
Jun 2022	66	25	0	91
Jul 2022	89	20	0	109
Aug 2022	131	24	2	157
Sep 2022	91	26	0	117
Oct 2022	119	67	2	188
Nov 2022	97	36	0	133
Dec 2022	85	23	1	109
Jan 2023	79	40	2	121
Feb 2023	73	28	2	103
Mar 2023	54	20	1	75

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Short summary

The ~ 74 ka eruption of Toba was one of the largest eruptions of the last 100 ka. We have measured the sulfur isotopic composition for 11 Toba eruption candidates in two Antarctic ice cores. Sulfur isotopes allow us to distinguish between large eruptions that have erupted material into the stratosphere and smaller ones that reach lower altitudes. Using this we have identified the events most likely to be Toba and place the eruption on the transition into a cold period in the Northern Hemisphere.