Articles | Volume 14, issue 10
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-1427-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-1427-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
17 Oct 2018
Research article |
| 17 Oct 2018
| 17 Oct 2018
Middle Miocene climate of southwestern Anatolia from multiple botanical proxies
Johannes Martin Bouchal
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Palaeobiology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, 10405 Stockholm, Sweden
Department of Palaeontology, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
Tuncay Hüseyin Güner
Faculty of Forestry, Department of Forest Botany, Istanbul University Cerrahpaşa, 34473 Bahçeköy, Istanbul, Turkey
Department of Palaeobiology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, 10405 Stockholm, Sweden
Thomas Denk
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Palaeobiology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, 10405 Stockholm, Sweden
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Cited
20 citations as recorded by crossref.
- New Fagaceous pollen taxa from the Miocene Søby flora of Denmark and their biogeographic implications T. Denk & J. Bouchal https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.1716
- Paleovegetation and paleoclimate inferences of the early late Sarmatian palynoflora from the Gleisdorf Fm. at Gratkorn, Styria, Austria C. Geier et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2022.104767
- SEM pollen analysis of Miocene deposits of Entrischenbrunn (Bavaria, Germany) reveal considerable amounts of pollen of subhumid and sclerophyllous together with azonal water plants reflecting the vegetation mosaic of a braided river system C. Hofmann & M. Sachse https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2022.104787
- Messinian vegetation and climate of the intermontane Florina–Ptolemais–Servia Basin, NW Greece inferred from palaeobotanical data: how well do plant fossils reflect past environments? J. Bouchal et al. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.192067
- Patterns of insect damage types reflect complex environmental signal in Miocene forest biomes of Central Europe and the Mediterranean B. Adroit et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2021.103451
- Bringing Tegenaria boitanii stat. rev. back to life with a review of the Tegenaria percuriosa-complex (Araneae: Agelenidae), description of a new species and insight into their phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary history D. Dimitrov et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2021.2012297
- Clay mineral assemblages of the oceanic red beds in the northern South China Sea and their responses to the Middle Miocene Climate Transition L. He et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-021-9878-0
- Early evidence of continental aridity and open-habitat grasslands in Europe as revealed by the Middle Miocene microflora of the Madrid Basin M. Casas-Gallego et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2021.110603
- A case of long-term herbivory: specialized feeding trace on Parrotia (Hamamelidaceae) plant species B. Adroit et al. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.201449
- Fossil fruits of Firmiana and Tilia from the middle Miocene of South Korea and the efficacy of the Bering land bridge for the migration of mesothermal plants L. Jia et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2020.12.006
- Early Miocene palaeoclimatic reconstruction of Tunçbilek basin H. Güner https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.517228
- Bearing Fruit: Miocene Apes and Rosaceous Fruit Evolution R. Spengler et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13752-022-00413-1
- Early Miocene climate and biomes of Turkey: Evidence from leaf fossils, dispersed pollen, and petrified wood T. Denk et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2019.05.042
- A re-examination of the angiosperm wood record from the early and middle Miocene of Turkey, and new species descriptions Ü. Akkemik https://doi.org/10.35535/acpa-2021-0004
- A Mediterranean woody species composition from Late Miocene-Early Pliocene deposits of northeastern Turkey with newly described fossil-taxa palaeoclimatically evaluated Ü. Akkemik et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2023.104916
- Miocene Aulacoseira species from the Virgin Valley Formation, Nevada, U.S.A. P. Siver https://doi.org/10.5507/fot.2024.005
- Miocene vegetation and climate in the eastern North Sea Basin, onshore Denmark, compared to the present K. Śliwińska et al. https://doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v57.8365
- Middle Miocene Climate and Stable Oxygen Isotopes in Europe Based on Numerical Modeling S. Botsyun et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022PA004442
- Catalogue of revised and new plant macrofossils from the Aquitanian-Burdigalian of Soma (W Turkey) – Biogeographic and palaeoclimatic implications T. Denk et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2021.104550
- Occupancy models reveal regional differences in detectability and improve relative abundance estimations in fossil pollen assemblages A. Lawing et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106747
20 citations as recorded by crossref.
- New Fagaceous pollen taxa from the Miocene Søby flora of Denmark and their biogeographic implications T. Denk & J. Bouchal https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.1716
- Paleovegetation and paleoclimate inferences of the early late Sarmatian palynoflora from the Gleisdorf Fm. at Gratkorn, Styria, Austria C. Geier et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2022.104767
- SEM pollen analysis of Miocene deposits of Entrischenbrunn (Bavaria, Germany) reveal considerable amounts of pollen of subhumid and sclerophyllous together with azonal water plants reflecting the vegetation mosaic of a braided river system C. Hofmann & M. Sachse https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2022.104787
- Messinian vegetation and climate of the intermontane Florina–Ptolemais–Servia Basin, NW Greece inferred from palaeobotanical data: how well do plant fossils reflect past environments? J. Bouchal et al. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.192067
- Patterns of insect damage types reflect complex environmental signal in Miocene forest biomes of Central Europe and the Mediterranean B. Adroit et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2021.103451
- Bringing Tegenaria boitanii stat. rev. back to life with a review of the Tegenaria percuriosa-complex (Araneae: Agelenidae), description of a new species and insight into their phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary history D. Dimitrov et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2021.2012297
- Clay mineral assemblages of the oceanic red beds in the northern South China Sea and their responses to the Middle Miocene Climate Transition L. He et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-021-9878-0
- Early evidence of continental aridity and open-habitat grasslands in Europe as revealed by the Middle Miocene microflora of the Madrid Basin M. Casas-Gallego et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2021.110603
- A case of long-term herbivory: specialized feeding trace on Parrotia (Hamamelidaceae) plant species B. Adroit et al. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.201449
- Fossil fruits of Firmiana and Tilia from the middle Miocene of South Korea and the efficacy of the Bering land bridge for the migration of mesothermal plants L. Jia et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2020.12.006
- Early Miocene palaeoclimatic reconstruction of Tunçbilek basin H. Güner https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.517228
- Bearing Fruit: Miocene Apes and Rosaceous Fruit Evolution R. Spengler et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13752-022-00413-1
- Early Miocene climate and biomes of Turkey: Evidence from leaf fossils, dispersed pollen, and petrified wood T. Denk et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2019.05.042
- A re-examination of the angiosperm wood record from the early and middle Miocene of Turkey, and new species descriptions Ü. Akkemik https://doi.org/10.35535/acpa-2021-0004
- A Mediterranean woody species composition from Late Miocene-Early Pliocene deposits of northeastern Turkey with newly described fossil-taxa palaeoclimatically evaluated Ü. Akkemik et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2023.104916
- Miocene Aulacoseira species from the Virgin Valley Formation, Nevada, U.S.A. P. Siver https://doi.org/10.5507/fot.2024.005
- Miocene vegetation and climate in the eastern North Sea Basin, onshore Denmark, compared to the present K. Śliwińska et al. https://doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v57.8365
- Middle Miocene Climate and Stable Oxygen Isotopes in Europe Based on Numerical Modeling S. Botsyun et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022PA004442
- Catalogue of revised and new plant macrofossils from the Aquitanian-Burdigalian of Soma (W Turkey) – Biogeographic and palaeoclimatic implications T. Denk et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2021.104550
- Occupancy models reveal regional differences in detectability and improve relative abundance estimations in fossil pollen assemblages A. Lawing et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106747
Saved (final revised paper)
Discussed (final revised paper)
Latest update: 17 Jun 2026
Short summary
Verterbate fossils suggest tropical climates and environments for the middle Miocene of western Anatolia (mammal zone MN6). We used three palaeobotanical proxies and inferred warm temperate climates. The onset of Miocene cooling (middle Miocene climate transition, MMCT, 14.7–13.9 Ma) is characterized by fluctuating ratios of woody and herbaceous pollen types, while a herb-rich pollen zone indicates pronounced cooling at 13.9–13.8 Ma. Prior to the MMCT (MN5), forest vegetation prevailed.
Verterbate fossils suggest tropical climates and environments for the middle Miocene of western...
