Articles | Volume 12, issue 10
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-1995-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-1995-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
19 Oct 2016
Research article |
| 19 Oct 2016
Orbital control on the timing of oceanic anoxia in the Late Cretaceous
Sietske J. Batenburg
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Institut für Geowissenschaften, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
David De Vleeschouwer
MARUM, Universität Bremen, Bremen, Germany
Earth System Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
Mario Sprovieri
IAMC-CNR Capo Granitola, Campobello di Mazara, Italy
Frederik J. Hilgen
Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Andrew S. Gale
School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
Brad S. Singer
Department of Geoscience, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
Christian Koeberl
Department of Lithospheric Research, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Natural History Museum Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Rodolfo Coccioni
Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università degli Studi “Carlo Bo”, Urbino, Italy
Philippe Claeys
Earth System Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
Alessandro Montanari
Osservatorio Geologico di Coldigioco, 62020 Frontale di Apiro, Italy
Related authors
Niklas Hohmann, David De Vleeschouwer, Sietske Batenburg, and Emilia Jarochowska
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2857, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2857, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Age-depth models assign ages to sampling locations (e.g., in drill cores), making them crucial to determined timing and pace of past changes. We present two methods to estimate age-depth models from sedimentological and stratigraphic information, resulting in richer and more empirically realistic age-depth models. As a use case, we determine (1) the timing of the Frasnian-Famennian extinction and (2) examine the duration of PETM, an potential deep time analogue for anthropogenic climate change.
Kirsty M. Edgar, Steven M. Bohaty, Helen K. Coxall, Paul R. Bown, Sietske J. Batenburg, Caroline H. Lear, and Paul N. Pearson
J. Micropalaeontol., 39, 117–138, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-39-117-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-39-117-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We identify the first continuous carbonate-bearing sediment record from the tropical ocean that spans the entirety of the global warming event, the Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum, ca. 40 Ma. We determine significant mismatches between middle Eocene calcareous microfossil datums from the tropical Pacific Ocean and established low-latitude zonation schemes. We highlight the potential of ODP Site 865 for future investigations into environmental and biotic changes throughout the early Paleogene.
Oliver Friedrich, Sietske J. Batenburg, Kazuyoshi Moriya, Silke Voigt, Cécile Cournède, Iris Möbius, Peter Blum, André Bornemann, Jens Fiebig, Takashi Hasegawa, Pincelli M. Hull, Richard D. Norris, Ursula Röhl, Thomas Westerhold, Paul A. Wilson, and IODP Expedition
Clim. Past Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2016-51, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2016-51, 2016
Manuscript not accepted for further review
Short summary
Short summary
A lack of knowledge on the timing of Late Cretaceous climatic change inhibits our understanding of underlying causal mechanisms. Therefore, we used an expanded deep ocean record from the North Atlantic that shows distinct sedimentary cyclicity suggesting orbital forcing. A high-resolution carbon-isotope record from bulk carbonates allows to identify global trends in the carbon cycle. Our new carbon isotope record and the established cyclostratigraphy may serve as a future reference site.
Niklas Hohmann, David De Vleeschouwer, Sietske Batenburg, and Emilia Jarochowska
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2857, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2857, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Age-depth models assign ages to sampling locations (e.g., in drill cores), making them crucial to determined timing and pace of past changes. We present two methods to estimate age-depth models from sedimentological and stratigraphic information, resulting in richer and more empirically realistic age-depth models. As a use case, we determine (1) the timing of the Frasnian-Famennian extinction and (2) examine the duration of PETM, an potential deep time analogue for anthropogenic climate change.
Nina M. A. Wichern, Or M. Bialik, Theresa Nohl, Lawrence M. E. Percival, R. Thomas Becker, Pim Kaskes, Philippe Claeys, and David De Vleeschouwer
Clim. Past, 20, 415–448, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-415-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-415-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Middle–Late Devonian sedimentary rocks are often punctuated by anoxic black shales. Due to their semi-regular nature, anoxic events may be linked to periodic changes in the Earth’s climate caused by astronomical forcing. We use portable X-ray fluorescence elemental records, measured on marine sediments from Germany, to construct an astrochronological framework for the Kellwasser ocean anoxic Crisis. Results suggest that the Upper Kellwasser event was preceded by a specific orbital configuration.
Johan Vellekoop, Daan Vanhove, Inge Jelu, Philippe Claeys, Linda C. Ivany, Niels J. de Winter, Robert P. Speijer, and Etienne Steurbaut
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-298, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-298, 2024
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
Stable oxygen and carbon isotope analyses of fossil bivalves, gastropods and fish ear bones (otoliths) is frequently used for seasonality reconstructions of past climates. We measured stable isotope compositions in multiple specimens of two bivalve species, a gastropod species, and two species of otoliths, from two early Eocene (49.2 million year old) shell layers. Our study demonstrates considerable variability between different taxa, which has implications for seasonality reconstructions.
Sarah Wauthy, Jean-Louis Tison, Mana Inoue, Saïda El Amri, Sainan Sun, François Fripiat, Philippe Claeys, and Frank Pattyn
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 35–58, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-35-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-35-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The datasets presented are the density, water isotopes, ions, and conductivity measurements, as well as age models and surface mass balance (SMB) from the top 120 m of two ice cores drilled on adjacent ice rises in Dronning Maud Land, dating from the late 18th century. They offer many development possibilities for the interpretation of paleo-profiles and for addressing the mechanisms behind the spatial and temporal variability of SMB and proxies observed at the regional scale in East Antarctica.
David De Vleeschouwer, Theresa Nohl, Christian Schulbert, Or M. Bialik, and Gerald Auer
Sci. Dril., 32, 43–54, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-32-43-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-32-43-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Differences exist in International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) sediment lithification depending on the coring tool used. Advanced piston corers (APCs) display less pronounced lithification compared to extended core barrels (XCBs) of the same formation. The difference stems from the destruction of early cements between sediment grains and an
acoustic compactioncaused by the piston-core pressure wave. XCB cores provide a more accurate picture of the lithification of the original formation.
Richard M. Besen, Kathleen Schindler, Andrew S. Gale, and Ulrich Struck
J. Micropalaeontol., 42, 117–146, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-42-117-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-42-117-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Turonian–Coniacian agglutinated foraminiferal assemblages from calcareous deposits from the temperate European shelf realm were studied. Acmes of agglutinated foraminifera correlate between different sections and can be used for paleoenvironmental analysis expressing inter-regional changes. Agglutinated foraminiferal morphogroups display a gradual shift from Turonian oligotrophic environments towards more mesotrophic conditions in the latest Turonian and Coniacian.
Nina M. A. Wichern, Niels J. de Winter, Andrew L. A. Johnson, Stijn Goolaerts, Frank Wesselingh, Maartje F. Hamers, Pim Kaskes, Philippe Claeys, and Martin Ziegler
Biogeosciences, 20, 2317–2345, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2317-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2317-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Fossil bivalves are an excellent climate archive due to their rapidly forming growth increments and long lifespan. Here, we show that the extinct bivalve species Angulus benedeni benedeni can be used to reconstruct past temperatures using oxygen and clumped isotopes. This species has the potential to provide seasonally resolved temperature data for the Pliocene to Oligocene sediments of the North Sea basin. In turn, these past climates can improve our understanding of future climate change.
David De Vleeschouwer, Marion Peral, Marta Marchegiano, Angelina Füllberg, Niklas Meinicke, Heiko Pälike, Gerald Auer, Benjamin Petrick, Christophe Snoeck, Steven Goderis, and Philippe Claeys
Clim. Past, 18, 1231–1253, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1231-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1231-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The Leeuwin Current transports warm water along the western coast of Australia: from the tropics to the Southern Hemisphere midlatitudes. Therewith, the current influences climate in two ways: first, as a moisture source for precipitation in southwestern Australia; second, as a vehicle for Equator-to-pole heat transport. In this study, we study sediment cores along the Leeuwin Current pathway to understand its ocean–climate interactions between 4 and 2 Ma.
Matthias Sinnesael, Alfredo Loi, Marie-Pierre Dabard, Thijs R. A. Vandenbroucke, and Philippe Claeys
Geochronology, 4, 251–267, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-251-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-251-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We used new geochemical measurements to study the expression of astronomical climate cycles recorded in the Ordovician (~ 460 million years ago) geological sections of the Crozon Peninsula (France). This type of geological archive is not often studied in this way, but as they become more important going back in time, a better understanding of their potential astronomical cycles is crucial to advance our knowledge of deep-time climate dynamics and to construct high-resolution timescales.
David J. Anastasio, Frank J. Pazzaglia, Josep M. Parés, Kenneth P. Kodama, Claudio Berti, James A. Fisher, Alessandro Montanari, and Lorraine K. Carnes
Solid Earth, 12, 1125–1142, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1125-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1125-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) technique provides an effective way to interpret deforming mountain belts. In both the Betics, Spain, and Apennines, Italy, weak but well-organized AMS fabrics were recovered from young unconsolidated and unburied rocks that could not be analyzed with more traditional methods. Collectively, these studies demonstrate the novel ways that AMS can be combined with other data to resolve earthquake hazards in space and time.
Marine Fau, Loïc Villier, Timothy A. M. Ewin, and Andrew S. Gale
Foss. Rec., 23, 141–149, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-141-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-141-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Forcipulatacea is one of the major clades of extant sea stars with 400 extant species described, but with fewer than 25 fossil species known. Thus, the identification of any new fossil representatives is significant. We reappraise Ophidiaster davidsoni from the Tithonian of Boulogne, France, which was assigned to another major extant group, and reassign it within a new forcipulatacean genus Psammaster gen. nov. A phylogenetic analysis does not place it within any existing forcipulatacean family.
Kirsty M. Edgar, Steven M. Bohaty, Helen K. Coxall, Paul R. Bown, Sietske J. Batenburg, Caroline H. Lear, and Paul N. Pearson
J. Micropalaeontol., 39, 117–138, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-39-117-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-39-117-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We identify the first continuous carbonate-bearing sediment record from the tropical ocean that spans the entirety of the global warming event, the Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum, ca. 40 Ma. We determine significant mismatches between middle Eocene calcareous microfossil datums from the tropical Pacific Ocean and established low-latitude zonation schemes. We highlight the potential of ODP Site 865 for future investigations into environmental and biotic changes throughout the early Paleogene.
Niels J. de Winter, Clemens V. Ullmann, Anne M. Sørensen, Nicolas Thibault, Steven Goderis, Stijn J. M. Van Malderen, Christophe Snoeck, Stijn Goolaerts, Frank Vanhaecke, and Philippe Claeys
Biogeosciences, 17, 2897–2922, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2897-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2897-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we present a detailed investigation of the chemical composition of 12 specimens of very well preserved, 78-million-year-old oyster shells from southern Sweden. The chemical data show how the oysters grew, the environment in which they lived and how old they became and also provide valuable information about which chemical measurements we can use to learn more about ancient climate and environment from such shells. In turn, this can help improve climate reconstructions and models.
Stef Vansteenberge, Niels J. de Winter, Matthias Sinnesael, Sophie Verheyden, Steven Goderis, Stijn J. M. Van Malderen, Frank Vanhaecke, and Philippe Claeys
Clim. Past, 16, 141–160, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-141-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-141-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We measured the chemical composition (trace-element concentrations and stable-isotope ratios) of a Belgian speleothem that deposited annual layers. Our sub-annual resolution dataset allows us to investigate how the chemistry of this speleothem recorded changes in the environment and climate in northwestern Europe. We then use this information to reconstruct climate change during the 16th and 17th century on the seasonal scale and demonstrate that environmental change drives speleothem chemistry.
Niels J. de Winter, Johan Vellekoop, Robin Vorsselmans, Asefeh Golreihan, Jeroen Soete, Sierra V. Petersen, Kyle W. Meyer, Silvio Casadio, Robert P. Speijer, and Philippe Claeys
Clim. Past, 14, 725–749, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-725-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-725-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
In this work, we apply a range of methods to measure the geochemical composition of the calcite from fossil shells of Pycnodonte vesicularis (so-called honeycomb oysters). The goal is to investigate how the composition of these shells reflect the environment in which the animals grew. Ultimately, we propose a methodology to check whether the shells of pycnodonte oysters are well-preserved and to reconstruct meaningful information about the seasonal changes in the past climate and environment.
Helen M. Beddow, Diederik Liebrand, Douglas S. Wilson, Frits J. Hilgen, Appy Sluijs, Bridget S. Wade, and Lucas J. Lourens
Clim. Past, 14, 255–270, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-255-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-255-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We present two astronomy-based timescales for climate records from the Pacific Ocean. These records range from 24 to 22 million years ago, a time period when Earth was warmer than today and the only land ice was located on Antarctica. We use tectonic plate-pair spreading rates to test the two timescales, which shows that the carbonate record yields the best timescale. In turn, this implies that Earth’s climate system and carbon cycle responded slowly to changes in incoming solar radiation.
Sudeep Kanungo, Paul R. Bown, Jeremy R. Young, and Andrew S. Gale
J. Micropalaeontol., 37, 231–247, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-37-231-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-37-231-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
This paper documents a regional warming event in the Albian of the Anglo-Paris Basin and its palaeoclimatic and palaeoceanographic implications. This multi-proxy study utilizes three independent datasets to confirm the warming event that lasted ~ 500 kyr around the middle–upper Albian boundary. The research involved a field study of the Gault Clay (UK) with an in-depth analysis of nannofossils, bulk sediment carbon and oxygen isotopes, and an investigation of ammonites from the formation.
Morgane Philippe, Jean-Louis Tison, Karen Fjøsne, Bryn Hubbard, Helle A. Kjær, Jan T. M. Lenaerts, Reinhard Drews, Simon G. Sheldon, Kevin De Bondt, Philippe Claeys, and Frank Pattyn
The Cryosphere, 10, 2501–2516, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-2501-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-2501-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The reconstruction of past snow accumulation rates is crucial in the context of recent climate change and sea level rise. We measured ~ 250 years of snow accumulation using a 120 m ice core drilled in coastal East Antarctica, where such long records are very scarce. This study is the first to show an increase in snow accumulation, beginning in the 20th and particularly marked in the last 50 years, thereby confirming model predictions of increased snowfall associated with climate change.
Matthias Sinnesael, Miroslav Zivanovic, David De Vleeschouwer, Philippe Claeys, and Johan Schoukens
Geosci. Model Dev., 9, 3517–3531, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-3517-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-3517-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Classical spectral analysis often relies on methods based on (Fast) Fourier Transformation. This technique has no unique solution separating variations in amplitude and frequency. This drawback is circumvented by using a polynomial approach (ACE v.1 model) to estimate instantaneous amplitude and frequency in orbital components. The model is illustrated and validated using a synthetic insolation signal and tested on two case studies: a benthic δ18O record and a magnetic susceptibility record.
Mathieu Martinez, Sergey Kotov, David De Vleeschouwer, Damien Pas, and Heiko Pälike
Clim. Past, 12, 1765–1783, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-1765-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-1765-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Identification of Milankovitch cycles within the sedimentary record depends on spectral analyses, but these can be biased because there are always slight uncertainties in the sample position within a sedimentary column. Here, we simulate uncertainties in the sample position and show that a tight control on the inter-sample distance together with a density of 6–12 samples per precession cycle are needed to accurately reconstruct the contribution of the orbital forcing on past climate changes.
Stef Vansteenberge, Sophie Verheyden, Hai Cheng, R. Lawrence Edwards, Eddy Keppens, and Philippe Claeys
Clim. Past, 12, 1445–1458, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-1445-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-1445-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The use of stalagmites for last interglacial continental climate reconstructions in Europe has been successful in the past; however to expand the geographical coverage, additional data from Belgium is presented. It has been shown that stalagmite growth, morphology and stable isotope content reflect regional and local climate conditions, with Eemian optimum climate occurring between 125.3 and 117.3 ka. The start the Weichselian is expressed by a stop of growth caused by a drying climate.
Oliver Friedrich, Sietske J. Batenburg, Kazuyoshi Moriya, Silke Voigt, Cécile Cournède, Iris Möbius, Peter Blum, André Bornemann, Jens Fiebig, Takashi Hasegawa, Pincelli M. Hull, Richard D. Norris, Ursula Röhl, Thomas Westerhold, Paul A. Wilson, and IODP Expedition
Clim. Past Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2016-51, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2016-51, 2016
Manuscript not accepted for further review
Short summary
Short summary
A lack of knowledge on the timing of Late Cretaceous climatic change inhibits our understanding of underlying causal mechanisms. Therefore, we used an expanded deep ocean record from the North Atlantic that shows distinct sedimentary cyclicity suggesting orbital forcing. A high-resolution carbon-isotope record from bulk carbonates allows to identify global trends in the carbon cycle. Our new carbon isotope record and the established cyclostratigraphy may serve as a future reference site.
C. Nehme, S. Verheyden, S. R. Noble, A. R. Farrant, D. Sahy, J. Hellstrom, J. J. Delannoy, and P. Claeys
Clim. Past, 11, 1785–1799, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-1785-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-1785-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
The Levant is a key area to study palaeoclimatic responses over G-IG cycles. A precisely dated MIS 5 stalagmite (129–84ka) from Kanaan Cave, Lebanon, with growth rate and isotopic records variations indicate a warm humid phase at the last interglacial (~129-125ka). A shift in δ18O values (125-122ka) is driven by the source effect of the eastern Med. during sapropel 5 (S5). Low growth rates and high δ18O-δ13C values (~122-84ka) mark the onset of glacial inception and transition to drier phase.
J. H. C. Bosmans, F. J. Hilgen, E. Tuenter, and L. J. Lourens
Clim. Past, 11, 1335–1346, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-1335-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-1335-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Our study shows that the influence of obliquity (the tilt of Earth's rotational axis) can be explained through changes in the insolation gradient across the tropics. This explanation is fundamentally different from high-latitude mechanisms that were previously often inferred to explain obliquity signals in low-latitude paleoclimate records, for instance glacial fluctuations. Our study is based on state-of-the-art climate model experiments.
A. Marzocchi, D. J. Lunt, R. Flecker, C. D. Bradshaw, A. Farnsworth, and F. J. Hilgen
Clim. Past, 11, 1271–1295, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-1271-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-1271-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
This paper investigates the climatic response to orbital forcing through the analysis of an ensemble of simulations covering a late Miocene precession cycle. Including orbital variability in our model–data comparison reduces the mismatch between the proxy record and model output. Our results indicate that ignoring orbital variability could lead to miscorrelations in proxy reconstructions. The North African summer monsoon's sensitivity is high to orbits, moderate to paleogeography and low to CO2.
M. Van Rampelbergh, S. Verheyden, M. Allan, Y. Quinif, H. Cheng, L. R. Edwards, E. Keppens, and P. Claeys
Clim. Past, 11, 789–802, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-789-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-789-2015, 2015
M. Van Rampelbergh, S. Verheyden, M Allan, Y. Quinif, E. Keppens, and P. Claeys
Clim. Past, 10, 1871–1885, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1871-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1871-2014, 2014
N. J. de Winter, C. Zeeden, and F. J. Hilgen
Clim. Past, 10, 1001–1015, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1001-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1001-2014, 2014
Related subject area
Subject: Carbon Cycle | Archive: Marine Archives | Timescale: Milankovitch
Glacial state of the global carbon cycle: time-slice simulations for the last glacial maximum with an Earth-system model
Astronomical tunings of the Oligocene–Miocene transition from Pacific Ocean Site U1334 and implications for the carbon cycle
Deep ocean ventilation, carbon isotopes, marine sedimentation and the deglacial CO2 rise
A synthesis of marine sediment core δ13C data over the last 150 000 years
Takasumi Kurahashi-Nakamura, André Paul, Ute Merkel, and Michael Schulz
Clim. Past, 18, 1997–2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1997-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1997-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
With a comprehensive Earth-system model including the global carbon cycle, we simulated the climate state during the last glacial maximum. We demonstrated that the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere both in the modern (pre-industrial) age (~280 ppm) and in the glacial age (~190 ppm) can be reproduced by the model with a common configuration by giving reasonable model forcing and total ocean inventories of carbon and other biogeochemical matter for the respective ages.
Helen M. Beddow, Diederik Liebrand, Douglas S. Wilson, Frits J. Hilgen, Appy Sluijs, Bridget S. Wade, and Lucas J. Lourens
Clim. Past, 14, 255–270, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-255-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-255-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We present two astronomy-based timescales for climate records from the Pacific Ocean. These records range from 24 to 22 million years ago, a time period when Earth was warmer than today and the only land ice was located on Antarctica. We use tectonic plate-pair spreading rates to test the two timescales, which shows that the carbonate record yields the best timescale. In turn, this implies that Earth’s climate system and carbon cycle responded slowly to changes in incoming solar radiation.
T. Tschumi, F. Joos, M. Gehlen, and C. Heinze
Clim. Past, 7, 771–800, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-7-771-2011, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-7-771-2011, 2011
K. I. C. Oliver, B. A. A. Hoogakker, S. Crowhurst, G. M. Henderson, R. E. M. Rickaby, N. R. Edwards, and H. Elderfield
Clim. Past, 6, 645–673, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-6-645-2010, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-6-645-2010, 2010
Cited articles
Adams, D., Hurtgen, M., and Sageman, B.: Volcanic triggering of a biogeochemical cascade during Oceanic Anoxic Event 2, Nat. Geosci., 3, 201–204, 2010.
Alvarez, W., Montanari, A., and Shimabukuro, D.: Ex Libro Lapidum Historia Mundi: Reading History Written in Rocks, in: Evolution: A Big History Perspective, edited by: Grinin, L. E., Korotayev, A. V., and Rodrigue, B. H., Uchitel Publishing House, Volgograd, 145–157, 2011.
Beaudouin, B., M'Ban, E. P., Montanari, A., and Pinault, M.: Lithostratigraphie haute résolution (< 20 ka) dans le Cénomanien du bassin d'Ombrie-Marches (Italie), C. R. Acad. Sci., 323, 689–696, 1996.
Berger, A., Loutre, M. F., and Laskar, J.: Stability of the Astronomical Frequencies Over the Earth's History for Paleoclimate Studies, Science, 255, 560–566, 1992.
Caron, M., Dall'Agnolo, S., Accarie, H., Barrera, E., Kauffman, E., Amédro, F., and Robaszynski, F.: High-resolution stratigraphy of the Cenomanian–Turonian boundary interval at Pueblo (USA) and wadi Bahloul (Tunisia): stable isotope and bio-events correlation, Geobios, 39, 171–200, 2006.
Cleveland, W. S.: Robust Locally Weighted Regression and Smoothing Scatterplots, J. Am. Stat. Assoc., 74, 829–836, 1979.
Coccioni, R.: The Cretaceous of the Umbria–Marche Apennines (Central Italy). Jost Wiedmann Symposium “Cretaceous Stratigraphy, Paleobiology and Paleobiogeography”, Tübingen, 7–10 March 1996, 129–136, 1996.
de Boer, P. L.: Cyclicity and the Storage of Organic Matter in Middle Cretaceous Pelagic Sediments, in: Cyclic and Event Stratification, edited by: Einsele, G. and Seilacher, A., Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg, 456–475, 1982.
de Boer, P. L.: Aspects of middle cretaceous pelagic sedimentation in Southern Europe: production and storage of organic matter, stable isotopes, and astronomical influences, Geol. Ultra., 31, 1–112, 1983.
Du Vivier, A., Selby, D., Sageman, B., Jarvis, I., Gröcke, D., and Voigt, S.: Marine 187Os/188Os isotope stratigraphy reveals the interaction of volcanism and ocean circulation during Oceanic Anoxic Event 2, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 389, 23–33, 2014.
Eldrett, J. S., Ma, C., Bergman, S. C., Lutz, B., Gregory, F. J., Dodsworth, P., Phipps, M., Hardas, P., Minisini, D., Ozkan, A., Ramezani, J., Bowring, S. A., Kamo, S. L., Ferguson, K., Macaulay, C., and Kelly, A. E.: An astronomically calibrated stratigraphy of the Cenomanian, Turonian and earliest Coniacian from the Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway, USA: Implications for global chronostratigraphy, Cret. Res., 56, 316–344, 2015.
Gale, A., Voigt, S., Sageman, B., and Kennedy, W.: Eustatic sea-level record for the Cenomanian (Late Cretaceous) – extension to the Western Interior Basin, USA, Geology, 36, 859–862, 2008.
Gambacorta, G., Jenkyns, H. C., Russo, F., Tsikos, H., Wilson, P. A., Faucher, G., and Erba, E.: Carbon- and oxygen-isotope records of mid-Cretaceous Tethyan pelagic sequences from the Umbria-Marche and Belluno Basins (Italy), Newsletters on Stratigraphy, 48, 299–323, 2015.
Giorgioni, M., Weissert, H., Bernasconi, S. M., Hochuli, P. A., Coccioni, R., and Keller, C. E.: Orbital control on carbon cycle and oceanography in the mid-Cretaceous greenhouse, Paleoceanography, 27, PA1024, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011PA002163, 2012.
Herbert, T. D. and Fischer, A. G.: Milankovitch climatic origin of mid-Cretaceous black shale rhythms in central Italy, Nature, 321, 739–743, 1986.
Hilgen, F., Aziz, H. A., Krijgsman, W., Raffi, I., and Turco, E.: Integrated stratigraphy and astronomical tuning of the Serravallian and lower Tortonian at Monte dei Corvi (Middle–Upper Miocene, northern Italy), Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol., 199, 229–264, 2003.
Jarvis, I., Gale, A., Jenkyns, H., and Pearce, M.: Secular variation in Late Cretaceous carbon isotopes: a new δ13C carbonate reference curve for the Cenomanian-Campanian (99.6–70.6 Ma), Geol. Mag., 143, 561–608, 2006.
Jenkyns, H. C., Gale, A. S., and Corfield, R. M.: Carbon- and oxygen-isotope stratigraphy of the English Chalk and Italian Scaglia and its palaeoclimatic significance, Geol. Mag., 131, 1–34, 1994.
Jenkyns, H. C., Matthews, A., Tsikos, H., and Erel, Y.: Nitrate reduction, sulfate reduction, and sedimentary iron isotope evolution during the Cenomanian-Turonian oceanic anoxic event, Paleoceanography, 22, PA3208, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006PA001355, 2007.
Kuiper, K., Deino, A., Hilgen, F., Krijgsman, W., Renne, P., and Wijbrans, J.: Synchronizing rock clocks of Earth history, Science, 320, 500–504, 2008.
Kuroda, J., Ogawa, N. O., Tanimizu, M., Coffin, M. F., Tokuyama, H., Kitazato, H., and Ohkouchi, N.: Contemporaneous massive subaerial volcanism and late cretaceous Oceanic Anoxic Event 2, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 256, 211–223, 2007.
Lanci, L., Muttoni, G., and Erba, E.: Astronomical tuning of the Cenomanian Scaglia Bianca Formation at Furlo, Italy, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 292, 231–237, 2010.
Laskar, J., Robutel, P., Joutel, F., Gastineau, M., Correia, A., and Levrard, B.: A long-term numerical solution for the insolation quantities of the Earth, Astron. Astrophys., 428, 261–285, 2004.
Laskar, J., Fienga, A., Gastineau, M., and Manche, H.: La2010: a new orbital solution for the long-term motion of the Earth, Astron. Astrophys., 532, A89, 2011a.
Laskar, J., Gastineau, M., Delisle, J., Farrés, A., and Fienga, A.: Strong chaos induced by close encounters with Ceres and Vesta, Astron. Astrophys., 532, L4, 2011b.
Laurin, J., Meyers, S., Uličný, D., Jarvis, I., and Sageman, B.: Axial obliquity control on the greenhouse carbon budget through middle- to high-latitude reservoirs, Paleoceanography, 30, 133–149, 2015.
Laurin, J., Meyers, S. R., Galeotti, S., and Lanci, L.: Frequency modulation reveals the phasing of orbital eccentricity during Cretaceous Oceanic Anoxic Event II and the Eocene hyperthermals, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 442, 143–156, 2016.
Leckie, R. M.: Foraminifera of the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary interval, Greenhorn Formation, Rock Canyon Anticline, Pueblo, Colorado, in: Fine-grained deposits and biofacies of the Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway: Evidence of cyclic sedimentary processess: SEPM Field Trip Guidebook No. 4, edited by: Pratt, L., Kauffman, E., and Zelt, F., 139–155, 1985.
Ma, C., Meyers, S. R., Sageman, B. B., Singer, B. S., and Jicha, B. R.: Testing the astronomical time scale for oceanic anoxic event 2, and its extension into Cenomanian strata of the Western Interior Basin (USA), Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 126, 974–989, 2014.
Martin, E. E., MacLeod, K. G., Berrocoso, A. J., and Bourbon, E.: Water mass circulation on Demerara Rise during the Late Cretaceous based on Nd isotopes, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 327, 111–120, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2012.01.037, 2012.
Meyers, S. and Sageman, B.: Quantification of deep-time orbital forcing by average spectral misfit, Am. J. Sci., 307, 773–792, 2007.
Meyers, S., Sageman, B., and Arthur, M.: Obliquity forcing of organic matter accumulation during Oceanic Anoxic Event 2, Paleoceanography, 27, PA3212, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012PA002286, 2012a.
Meyers, S., Siewert, S., Singer, B., Sageman, B., Condon, D., Obradovich, J., Jicha, B., and Sawyer, D.: Intercalibration of radioisotopic and astrochronologic time scales for the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary interval, Western Interior Basin, USA, Geology, 40, 7–10, 2012b.
Meyers, S. R.: Seeing red in cyclic stratigraphy: Spectral noise estimation for astrochronology, Paleoceanography, 27, PA3228, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012PA002307, 2012.
Meyers, S. R.: Astrochron: An R Package for Astrochronology, http://cran.r-project.org/package=astrochron (last access: 26 September 2016), 2014.
Min, K., Mundil, R., Renne, P. R., and Ludwig, K. R.: A test for systematic errors in 40Ar/39Ar geochronology through comparison with U/Pb analysis of a 1.1-Ga rhyolite, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 64, 73–98, 2000.
Mitchell, R., Bice, D., Montanari, A., Cleaveland, L., Christianson, K., Coccioni, R., and Hinnov, L.: Oceanic anoxic cycles? Orbital prelude to the Bonarelli Level (OAE 2), Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 267, 1–16, 2008.
Montanari, A., Chan, L., and Alvarez, W.: Synsedimentary Tectonics in the Late Cretaceous Early Tertiary Pelagic Basin of the Northern Apennines, Italy, in: Controls on Carbonate Platform and Basin Development, edited by: Crevello, P. D., Wilson, J. L., Sarg, J. F., and Read, J. F., The Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Spec. Publ., 44, 379–399, 1989.
Obradovich, J.: A Cretaceous time scale, in: Evolution of the Western Interior Basin, edited by: Caldzell, W. G. E., and Kauffman, E., Geological Association of Canada, 379–396, 1993.
Paillard, D., Labeyrie, L., and Yiou, P.: Macintosh program performs time-series analysis, Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union, 77, p. 379, 1996.
Reimold, W. U., Koeberl, C., and Bishop, J.: Roter Kamm impact crater, Namibia: Geochemistry of basement rocks and breccias, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 58, 2689–2710, 1994.
Renne, P., Deino, A., Hilgen, F., Kuiper, K., Mark, D., Mitchell, W., Morgan, L., Mundil, R., and Smit, J.: Time Scales of Critical Events Around the Cretaceous-Paleogene Boundary, Science, 339, 684–687, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1230492, 2013.
Renne, P. R., Swisher, C. C., Deino, A. L., Karner, D. B., Owens, T. L., and DePaolo, D. J.: Intercalibration of standards, absolute ages and uncertainties in 40Ar/39Ar dating, Chem. Geol., 145, 117–152, 1998.
Ruckstuhl, A. F., Jacobson, M. P., Field, R. W., and Dodd, J. A.: Baseline subtraction using robust local regression estimation, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Rad. Transf., 68, 179–193, 2001.
Sageman, B., Meyers, S., and Arthur, M.: Orbital time scale and new C-isotope record for Cenomanian-Turonian boundary stratotype, Geology, 34, 125–128, 2006.
Sageman, B. B., Singer, B. S., Meyers, S. R., Siewert, S. E., Walaszczyk, I., Condon, D. J., Jicha, B. R., Obradovich, J. D., and Sawyer, D. A.: Integrating 40Ar/39Ar, U-Pb, and astronomical clocks in the Cretaceous Niobrara Formation, Western Interior Basin, USA, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 126, 956–973, 2014.
Schwarzacher, W.: Cyclostratigraphy of the Cenomanian in the Gubbio district, Italy: a field study, in: Orbital forcing and cyclic sequences, edited by: De Boer, P. L. and Smith, D. G., Blackwell Publishing Ltd., Oxford, 87–97, 1994.
Scopelliti, G., Bellanca, A., Neri, R., Baudin, F., and Coccioni, R.: Comparative high-resolution chemostratigraphy of the Bonarelli Level from the reference Bottaccione section (Umbria-Marche Apennines) and from an equivalent section in NW Sicily: Consistent and contrasting responses to the OAE 2, Chem. Geol., 228, 266–285, 2006.
Sinton, C. and Duncan, R.: Potential links between ocean plateau volcanism and global ocean anoxia at the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary, Econ. Geol., 92, 836–842, 1997.
Sissingh, W.: Biostratigraphy of Cretaceous calcareous nannoplankton, Geologie en mijnbouw, 56, 37–65, 1977.
Snow, L., Duncan, R., and Bralower, T.: Trace element abundances in the Rock Canyon Anticline, Pueblo, Colorado, marine sedimentary section and their relationship to Caribbean plateau construction and oxygen anoxic event 2, Paleoceanography, 20, PA3005, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004PA001093, 2005.
Sprovieri, M., Sabatino, N., Pelosi, N., Batenburg, S. J., Coccioni, R., Iavarone, M., and Mazzola, S.: Late Cretaceous orbitally-paced carbon isotope stratigraphy from the Bottaccione Gorge (Italy), Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol., 379–380, 81–94, 2013.
Stoll, H. and Schrag, D.: High-resolution stable isotope records from the Upper Cretaceous rocks of Italy and Spain: Glacial episodes in a greenhouse planet?, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 112, 308–319, 2000.
Takashima, R., Nishi, H., Hayashi, K., Okada, H., Kawahata, H., Yamanaka, T., Fernando, A. G., and Mampuku, M.: Litho-, bio- and chemostratigraphy across the Cenomanian–Turonian boundary (OAE 2) in the Vocontian Basin of southeastern France, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol., 273, 61–74, 2009.
Thomson, D. J.: Spectrum Estimation and Harmonic-Analysis, Proc. IEEE, 70, 1055–1096, 1982.
Trabucho-Alexandre, J., Tuenter, E., Henstra, G., van der Zwan, K., van de Wal, R., Dijkstra, H., and de Boer, P.: The mid-Cretaceous North Atlantic nutrient trap: Black shales and OAEs, Paleoceanography, 25, PA4201, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010pa001925, 2010.
Trabucho-Alexandre, J., Negri, A., and de Boer, P. L.: Early Turonian pelagic sedimentation at Moria (Umbria-Marche, Italy): Primary and diagenetic controls on lithological oscillations, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol., 311, 200–214, 2011.
Tsikos, H., Jenkyns, H. C., Walsworth-Bell, B., Petrizzo, M. R., Forster, A., Kolonic, S., Erba, E., Silva, I. P., Baas, M., Wagner, T., and Damste, J. S. S.: Carbon-isotope stratigraphy recorded by the Cenomanian-Turonian Oceanic Anoxic Event: correlation and implications based on three key localities, J. Geol. Soc., 161, 711–719, 2004.
Turgeon, S. and Creaser, R.: Cretaceous oceanic anoxic event 2 triggered by a massive magmatic episode, Nature, 454, 323–326, 2008.
Voigt, S., Gale, A., and Voigt, T.: Sea-level change, carbon cycling and palaeoclimate during the Late Cenomanian of northwest Europe; an integrated palaeoenvironmental analysis, Cret. Res., 27, 836–858, 2006.
Voigt, S., Erbacher, J., Mutterlose, J., Weiss, W., Westerhold, T., Wiese, F., Wilmsen, M., and Wonik, T.: The Cenomanian Turonian of the Wunstorf section (North Germany): global stratigraphic reference section and new orbital time scale for Oceanic Anoxic Event 2, Newsletters on Stratigraphy, 43, 65–89, 2008.
Zachos, J. C., McCarren, H., Murphy, B., Röhl, U., and Westerhold, T.: Tempo and scale of late Paleocene and early Eocene carbon isotope cycles: Implications for the origin of hyperthermals, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 299, 242–249, 2010.
Zheng, X.-Y., Jenkyns, H., Gale, A., Ward, D., and Henderson, G.: Changing ocean circulation and hydrothermal inputs during Ocean Anoxic Event 2 (Cenomanian–Turonian): evidence from Nd-isotopes in the European shelf sea, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 375, 338–348, 2013.
Short summary
The relative contributions of astronomical forcing and tectonics to ocean anoxia in the Cretaceous are unclear. This study establishes the pacing of Late Cretaceous black cherts and shales. We present a 6-million-year astrochronology from the Furlo and Bottaccione sections in Italy that spans the Cenomanian–Turonian transition and OAE2. Together with a new radioisotopic age for the mid-Cenomanian event, we show that astronomical forcing determined the timing of these carbon cycle perturbations.
The relative contributions of astronomical forcing and tectonics to ocean anoxia in the...
