Articles | Volume 11, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-605-2015
© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-605-2015
© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
27 Mar 2015
Research article |
| 27 Mar 2015
Interannual climate variability seen in the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project
Department of Geography, University College London, Gower St, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
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Cited
19 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Southeastern marginal West Pacific Warm Pool sea-surface and thermocline dynamics during the Pleistocene (2.5–0.5 Ma) J. Raddatz et al. 10.1016/j.palaeo.2017.01.024
- Lithology of lacustrine deposits in the Colca Valley J. Kukulak et al. 10.1016/j.jsames.2016.03.008
- Modeling the stable water isotope expression of El Niño in the Pliocene: Implications for the interpretation of proxy data J. Tindall et al. 10.1002/2016PA003059
- Mid-Pliocene not analogous to high-CO2 climate when considering Northern Hemisphere winter variability A. Oldeman et al. 10.5194/wcd-5-395-2024
- Planktic foraminifera shell chemistry response to seawater chemistry: Pliocene–Pleistocene seawater Mg/Ca, temperature and sea level change D. Evans et al. 10.1016/j.epsl.2016.01.013
- Strengthened African summer monsoon in the mid-Piacenzian R. Zhang et al. 10.1007/s00376-016-5215-y
- Non-uniform spatial difference in the South Asian summer monsoon during the mid-Piacenzian R. ZHANG & Q. ZHANG 10.1080/16742834.2017.1309953
- Similar North Pacific variability despite suppressed El Niño variability in the warm mid-Pliocene climate A. Oldeman et al. 10.5194/esd-15-1037-2024
- Asymmetric Pacific variability in the Pliocene: An unchanged PDO relative to a suppressed ENSO K. Canal-Solis et al. 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104932
- Accounting for centennial-scale variability when detecting changes in ENSO: A study of the Pliocene J. Tindall et al. 10.1002/2016PA002951
- Pliocene Warmth Consistent With Greenhouse Gas Forcing J. Tierney et al. 10.1029/2019GL083802
- Reduced El Niño variability in the mid-Pliocene according to the PlioMIP2 ensemble A. Oldeman et al. 10.5194/cp-17-2427-2021
- Risky business: The impact of climate and climate variability on human population dynamics in Western Europe during the Last Glacial Maximum A. Burke et al. 10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.04.001
- Modeling the late Pliocene global monsoon response to individual boundary conditions R. Zhang et al. 10.1007/s00382-019-04834-w
- A Review of Paleo El Niño-Southern Oscillation Z. Lu et al. 10.3390/atmos9040130
- Reduced Atlantic variability in the mid-Pliocene G. Pontes et al. 10.1007/s10584-020-02675-9
- Integrating geological archives and climate models for the mid-Pliocene warm period A. Haywood et al. 10.1038/ncomms10646
- The hydrological cycle and ocean circulation of the Maritime Continent in the Pliocene: results from PlioMIP2 X. Ren et al. 10.5194/cp-19-2053-2023
- Influence of seaway changes during the Pliocene on tropical Pacific climate in the Kiel climate model: mean state, annual cycle, ENSO, and their interactions Z. Song et al. 10.1007/s00382-016-3298-x
18 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Southeastern marginal West Pacific Warm Pool sea-surface and thermocline dynamics during the Pleistocene (2.5–0.5 Ma) J. Raddatz et al. 10.1016/j.palaeo.2017.01.024
- Lithology of lacustrine deposits in the Colca Valley J. Kukulak et al. 10.1016/j.jsames.2016.03.008
- Modeling the stable water isotope expression of El Niño in the Pliocene: Implications for the interpretation of proxy data J. Tindall et al. 10.1002/2016PA003059
- Mid-Pliocene not analogous to high-CO2 climate when considering Northern Hemisphere winter variability A. Oldeman et al. 10.5194/wcd-5-395-2024
- Planktic foraminifera shell chemistry response to seawater chemistry: Pliocene–Pleistocene seawater Mg/Ca, temperature and sea level change D. Evans et al. 10.1016/j.epsl.2016.01.013
- Strengthened African summer monsoon in the mid-Piacenzian R. Zhang et al. 10.1007/s00376-016-5215-y
- Non-uniform spatial difference in the South Asian summer monsoon during the mid-Piacenzian R. ZHANG & Q. ZHANG 10.1080/16742834.2017.1309953
- Similar North Pacific variability despite suppressed El Niño variability in the warm mid-Pliocene climate A. Oldeman et al. 10.5194/esd-15-1037-2024
- Asymmetric Pacific variability in the Pliocene: An unchanged PDO relative to a suppressed ENSO K. Canal-Solis et al. 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104932
- Accounting for centennial-scale variability when detecting changes in ENSO: A study of the Pliocene J. Tindall et al. 10.1002/2016PA002951
- Pliocene Warmth Consistent With Greenhouse Gas Forcing J. Tierney et al. 10.1029/2019GL083802
- Reduced El Niño variability in the mid-Pliocene according to the PlioMIP2 ensemble A. Oldeman et al. 10.5194/cp-17-2427-2021
- Risky business: The impact of climate and climate variability on human population dynamics in Western Europe during the Last Glacial Maximum A. Burke et al. 10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.04.001
- Modeling the late Pliocene global monsoon response to individual boundary conditions R. Zhang et al. 10.1007/s00382-019-04834-w
- A Review of Paleo El Niño-Southern Oscillation Z. Lu et al. 10.3390/atmos9040130
- Reduced Atlantic variability in the mid-Pliocene G. Pontes et al. 10.1007/s10584-020-02675-9
- Integrating geological archives and climate models for the mid-Pliocene warm period A. Haywood et al. 10.1038/ncomms10646
- The hydrological cycle and ocean circulation of the Maritime Continent in the Pliocene: results from PlioMIP2 X. Ren et al. 10.5194/cp-19-2053-2023
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 30 Jul 2025
Short summary
Previously, model ensembles have shown little consensus in the response of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) to imposed forcings – either for the past or future. The recent coordinated experiment on the warm Pliocene (~3 million years ago) shows surprising agreement that there was a robustly weaker ENSO with a shift to lower frequencies. Suggested physical mechanisms cannot explain this coherent signal, and it warrants further investigation.
Previously, model ensembles have shown little consensus in the response of the El...
