Articles | Volume 11, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-105-2015
© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-105-2015
© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
16 Jan 2015
Research article |
| 16 Jan 2015
Tree ring effects and ice core acidities clarify the volcanic record of the first millennium
M. G. L. Baillie
School of Geography, Archaeology and Palaeoecology, Elmwood Avenue, Queen's University, Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, UK
J. McAneney
Independent Researcher, Bangor, Northern Ireland, UK
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36 citations as recorded by crossref.
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- Tephra isochrons and chronologies of colonisation M. Schmid et al. 10.1016/j.quageo.2016.08.002
- Disparate impacts of the Eldgjá and Laki flood-lava eruptions C. Morison et al. 10.1177/09596836241254478
- Asynchrony in key Holocene chronologies: Evidence from Irish bog pines M. Torbenson et al. 10.1130/G36914.1
- The WAIS Divide deep ice core WD2014 chronology – Part 2: Annual-layer counting (0–31 ka BP) M. Sigl et al. 10.5194/cp-12-769-2016
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- A 1200+ year reconstruction of temperature extremes for the northeastern Mediterranean region L. Klippel et al. 10.1002/joc.5955
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- 2600-years of stratospheric volcanism through sulfate isotopes E. Gautier et al. 10.1038/s41467-019-08357-0
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- The impact of the volcanic double event in AD 536 and AD 539/540 on tree-ring growth and felling activity in Danish oak trees H. Ellegård Larsen et al. 10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104689
- The Eldgjá eruption: timing, long-range impacts and influence on the Christianisation of Iceland C. Oppenheimer et al. 10.1007/s10584-018-2171-9
- The effect of volcanic eruptions on the radial growth of trees in the forests of the Mari El Republic Y. Demakov 10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.4/16
36 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Holocene tephrostratigraphy in Vestfirðir, NW Iceland E. Gudmundsdóttir et al. 10.1002/jqs.3063
- Dust clouds, climate change and coins: consiliences of palaeoclimate and economy in the Late Antique southern Levant D. Fuks et al. 10.1080/00758914.2017.1379181
- Climatic and societal impacts of a volcanic double event at the dawn of the Middle Ages M. Toohey et al. 10.1007/s10584-016-1648-7
- Effects in North Africa of the 934–940 CE Eldgjá and 1783–1784 CE Laki eruptions (Iceland) revealed by previously unrecognized written sources V. Brugnatelli & A. Tibaldi 10.1007/s00445-020-01409-0
- Tephra isochrons and chronologies of colonisation M. Schmid et al. 10.1016/j.quageo.2016.08.002
- Disparate impacts of the Eldgjá and Laki flood-lava eruptions C. Morison et al. 10.1177/09596836241254478
- Asynchrony in key Holocene chronologies: Evidence from Irish bog pines M. Torbenson et al. 10.1130/G36914.1
- The WAIS Divide deep ice core WD2014 chronology – Part 2: Annual-layer counting (0–31 ka BP) M. Sigl et al. 10.5194/cp-12-769-2016
- Climate extremes and the Eastern Turkic Empire in Central Asia R. Ganiev & V. Kukarskih 10.1007/s10584-018-2236-9
- A 1200+ year reconstruction of temperature extremes for the northeastern Mediterranean region L. Klippel et al. 10.1002/joc.5955
- A revised age of ad 667–699 for the latest major eruption at Rabaul C. McKee et al. 10.1007/s00445-015-0954-7
- Timing and climate forcing of volcanic eruptions for the past 2,500 years M. Sigl et al. 10.1038/nature14565
- Securing timelines in the ancient Mediterranean using multiproxy annual tree-ring data C. Pearson et al. 10.1073/pnas.1917445117
- No evidence for tephra in Greenland from the historic eruption of Vesuvius in 79 CE: implications for geochronology and paleoclimatology G. Plunkett et al. 10.5194/cp-18-45-2022
- Lunar eclipses illuminate timing and climate impact of medieval volcanism S. Guillet et al. 10.1038/s41586-023-05751-z
- Comprehensive Record of Volcanic Eruptions in the Holocene (11,000 years) From the WAIS Divide, Antarctica Ice Core J. Cole‐Dai et al. 10.1029/2020JD032855
- Volcanic climate impacts can act as ultimate and proximate causes of Chinese dynastic collapse C. Gao et al. 10.1038/s43247-021-00284-7
- No Coincident Nitrate Enhancement Events in Polar Ice Cores Following the Largest Known Solar Storms F. Mekhaldi et al. 10.1002/2017JD027325
- Volcanic stratospheric sulfur injections and aerosol optical depth from 500 BCE to 1900 CE M. Toohey & M. Sigl 10.5194/essd-9-809-2017
- ‘Tangled up in Blue’: The Death, Dress and Identity of an Early Viking-Age Female Settler from Ketilsstaðir, Iceland M. SMITH et al. 10.1080/00766097.2019.1589816
- Reconciling multiple ice-core volcanic histories: The potential of tree-ring and documentary evidence, 670–730 CE C. Gao et al. 10.1016/j.quaint.2015.11.098
- Reply to the comment on “Effects in North Africa of the 934–940 CE Eldgjá and 1783–1784 CE Laki eruptions (Iceland) revealed by previously unrecognized written sources” V. Brugnatelli & A. Tibaldi 10.1007/s00445-021-01479-8
- A new archive of large volcanic events over the past millennium derived from reconstructed summer temperatures L. Schneider et al. 10.1088/1748-9326/aa7a1b
- AD536 – Back to Nature? J. Moreland 10.1111/j.1600-0390.2018.12194.x
- DETECTING VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS IN TEMPERATURE RECONSTRUCTIONS BY DESIGNED BREAK‐INDICATOR SATURATION F. Pretis et al. 10.1111/joes.12148
- Absolute tree-ring dates for the Late Bronze Age eruptions of Aniakchak and Thera in light of a proposed revision of ice-core chronologies J. McAneney & M. Baillie 10.15184/aqy.2018.165
- Comment on “Effects in North Africa of the 934–940 CE Eldgjá and 1783–1784 CE Laki eruptions (Iceland) revealed by previously unrecognized written sources” by Brugnatelli, V., and Tibaldi, A. [Bull. Volcanol. (2020) 82:73] T. Newfield & C. Oppenheimer 10.1007/s00445-021-01478-9
- Faut-il réhabiliter le climat et les microbes ? F. Trément 10.3917/hsr.053.0115
- Ritual responses to catastrophic volcanism in Viking Age Iceland: Reconsidering Surtshellir Cave through Bayesian analyses of AMS dates, tephrochronology, and texts K. Smith et al. 10.1016/j.jas.2020.105316
- Tephra productivity and eruption flux of the subglacial Katla volcano, Iceland B. Óladóttir et al. 10.1007/s00445-018-1236-y
- 2600-years of stratospheric volcanism through sulfate isotopes E. Gautier et al. 10.1038/s41467-019-08357-0
- Late Pleistocene and Holocene tephrostratigraphy of interior Alaska and Yukon: Key beds and chronologies over the past 30,000 years L. Davies et al. 10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.05.026
- Alpine ice-core evidence for the transformation of the European monetary system, AD 640–670 C. Loveluck et al. 10.15184/aqy.2018.110
- The impact of the volcanic double event in AD 536 and AD 539/540 on tree-ring growth and felling activity in Danish oak trees H. Ellegård Larsen et al. 10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104689
- The Eldgjá eruption: timing, long-range impacts and influence on the Christianisation of Iceland C. Oppenheimer et al. 10.1007/s10584-018-2171-9
- The effect of volcanic eruptions on the radial growth of trees in the forests of the Mari El Republic Y. Demakov 10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.4/16
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Latest update: 19 Jan 2025
Short summary
Ice core acidities agree with historical volcanic eruptions and tree ring effects in recent centuries, but in the 1st millennium, ice acid dates appear offset from tree ring evidence. This offset appears real between AD 1000 and 50 BC. If correct, then current identification of Vesuvius tephra at AD 79 is erroneous, and geophysicists are working with a false volcanic record especially regarding multiple eruptions in AD 536 and 540-541, highlighting a major global hazard in proximate eruptions.
Ice core acidities agree with historical volcanic eruptions and tree ring effects in recent...
