Articles | Volume 9, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-1111-2013
© Author(s) 2013. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-1111-2013
© Author(s) 2013. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
16 May 2013
Research article |
| 16 May 2013
Historical and idealized climate model experiments: an intercomparison of Earth system models of intermediate complexity
M. Eby
School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
A. J. Weaver
School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
K. Alexander
School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
K. Zickfeld
Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
A. Abe-Ouchi
Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
Research Institute for Global Change, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokohama, Japan
A. A. Cimatoribus
Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, De Bilt, the Netherlands
E. Crespin
Georges Lemaître Centre for Earth and Climate Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
S. S. Drijfhout
Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, De Bilt, the Netherlands
N. R. Edwards
The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK
A. V. Eliseev
A. M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, RAS, Moscow, Russia
G. Feulner
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Potsdam, Germany
T. Fichefet
Georges Lemaître Centre for Earth and Climate Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
C. E. Forest
Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, USA
H. Goosse
Georges Lemaître Centre for Earth and Climate Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
P. B. Holden
The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK
Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
M. Kawamiya
Research Institute for Global Change, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokohama, Japan
D. Kicklighter
The Ecosystems Center, MBL, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA
H. Kienert
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Potsdam, Germany
K. Matsumoto
University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
I. I. Mokhov
A. M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, RAS, Moscow, Russia
E. Monier
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
S. M. Olsen
Danish Meteorological Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
J. O. P. Pedersen
National Space Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
M. Perrette
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Potsdam, Germany
G. Philippon-Berthier
Georges Lemaître Centre for Earth and Climate Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
A. Ridgwell
School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
A. Schlosser
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
T. Schneider von Deimling
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Potsdam, Germany
G. Shaffer
Department of Geophysics, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
R. S. Smith
National Centre for Atmospheric Science – Climate, University of Reading, Reading, UK
R. Spahni
Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
A. P. Sokolov
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
M. Steinacher
Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
K. Tachiiri
Research Institute for Global Change, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokohama, Japan
K. Tokos
University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
M. Yoshimori
Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
N. Zeng
University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
F. Zhao
University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
Viewed
Total article views: 18,556 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 01 Feb 2013, article published on 28 Aug 2012)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11,606 | 6,380 | 570 | 18,556 | 448 | 451 |
- HTML: 11,606
- PDF: 6,380
- XML: 570
- Total: 18,556
- BibTeX: 448
- EndNote: 451
Total article views: 16,378 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 16 May 2013)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10,541 | 5,394 | 443 | 16,378 | 413 | 440 |
- HTML: 10,541
- PDF: 5,394
- XML: 443
- Total: 16,378
- BibTeX: 413
- EndNote: 440
Total article views: 2,178 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 01 Feb 2013, article published on 28 Aug 2012)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1,065 | 986 | 127 | 2,178 | 35 | 11 |
- HTML: 1,065
- PDF: 986
- XML: 127
- Total: 2,178
- BibTeX: 35
- EndNote: 11
Cited
145 citations as recorded by crossref.
- On the proportionality between global temperature change and cumulative CO 2 emissions during periods of net negative CO 2 emissions K. Zickfeld et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/11/5/055006
- Scheme for calculation of multi-layer cloudiness and precipitation for climate models of intermediate complexity A. Eliseev et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-1745-2013
- Natural sinks and sources of CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> in the atmosphere of Russian regions and their contribution to climate change in the 21st century evaluated with CMIP6 model ensemble S. Denisov et al. https://doi.org/10.31857/S0002351524020039
- The Transient Response to Cumulative CO2 Emissions: a Review A. MacDougall https://doi.org/10.1007/s40641-015-0030-6
- Revisiting ocean carbon sequestration by direct injection: a global carbon budget perspective F. Reith et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-7-797-2016
- Comparative Assessment of Climate Engineering Scenarios in the Presence of Parametric Uncertainty G. Tran et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019MS001787
- A volcanically triggered regime shift in the subpolar North Atlantic Ocean as a possible origin of the Little Ice Age C. Schleussner & G. Feulner https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-1321-2013
- Environmental impact assessment for climate change policy with the simulation-based integrated assessment model E3ME-FTT-GENIE J. Mercure et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2018.03.003
- Path Independence of Carbon Budgets When Meeting a Stringent Global Mean Temperature Target After an Overshoot K. Tokarska et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019EF001312
- A simple carbon cycle representation for economic and policy analyses M. Glotter et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-014-1224-y
- The Bern Simple Climate Model (BernSCM) v1.0: an extensible and fully documented open-source re-implementation of the Bern reduced-form model for global carbon cycle–climate simulations K. Strassmann & F. Joos https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-1887-2018
- The realized warming fraction: a multi-model sensitivity study P. Pfister & T. Stocker https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaebae
- The Earth system model CLIMBER-X v1.0 – Part 1: Climate model description and validation M. Willeit et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-5905-2022
- Model Estimates for Contribution of Natural and Anthropogenic CO2 and CH4 Emissions into the Atmosphere from the Territory of Russia, China, Canada, and the USA to Global Climate Change in the 21st Century S. Denisov et al. https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068373922100028
- Formation of most of our coal brought Earth close to global glaciation G. Feulner https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1712062114
- Probabilistic projections of 21st century climate change over Northern Eurasia E. Monier et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/4/045008
- Simulated CO2-induced ocean acidification for ocean in the East China: historical conditions since preindustrial time and future scenarios H. Zhang & K. Wang https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-54861-0
- Enhanced weathering strategies for stabilizing climate and averting ocean acidification L. Taylor et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2882
- Investigating Mesozoic Climate Trends and Sensitivities With a Large Ensemble of Climate Model Simulations J. Landwehrs et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020PA004134
- Influence of sulfur compounds on the terrestrial carbon cycle A. Eliseev https://doi.org/10.1134/S0001433815060067
- Modeling in Earth system science up to and beyond IPCC AR5 T. Hajima et al. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-014-0029-y
- The impact of aerosol emissions on the 1.5 °C pathways A. Hienola et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aab1b2
- A Simple Carbon Cycle Representation for Economic and Policy Analyses M. Glotter et al. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2331074
- Wind-driven changes in the ocean carbon sink N. Swart et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6107-2014
- Assessing climate impacts and risks of ocean albedo modification in the Arctic N. Mengis et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JC011433
- Relationship between physical and biogeochemical parameters and the scenario dependence of the transient climate response to cumulative carbon emissions K. Tachiiri https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-020-00392-6
- Biogeochemical versus biogeophysical temperature effects of historical land-use change in CMIP6 A. Amali et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-16-803-2025
- A dynamic marine iron cycle module coupled to the University of Victoria Earth System Model: the Kiel Marine Biogeochemical Model 2 for UVic 2.9 L. Nickelsen et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-1357-2015
- Centennial-Scale Temperature Change in Last Millennium Simulations and Proxy-Based Reconstructions F. Ljungqvist et al. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0525.1
- On the Sensitivity of the Devonian Climate to Continental Configuration, Vegetation Cover, Orbital Configuration, CO 2 Concentration, and Insolation J. Brugger et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019PA003562
- Optimality-based non-Redfield plankton–ecosystem model (OPEM v1.1) in UVic-ESCM 2.9 – Part 2: Sensitivity analysis and model calibration C. Chien et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-4691-2020
- The impact of salinity perturbations on the future uptake of heat by the Atlantic Ocean R. Smith et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GL062169
- Southern Ocean biological impacts on global ocean oxygen D. Keller et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL069630
- Northern Eurasia Future Initiative (NEFI): facing the challenges and pathways of global change in the twenty-first century P. Groisman et al. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-017-0154-5
- Climate and health implications of future aerosol emission scenarios A. Partanen et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaa511
- Accounting for the climate benefit of temporary carbon storage in nature H. Matthews et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-41242-5
- Millennium time-scale experiments on climate-carbon cycle with doubled CO2 concentration T. Hajima et al. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-020-00350-2
- Deep time evidence for climate sensitivity increase with warming G. Shaffer et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL069243
- Carbon neutrality and mitigating contribution of terrestrial carbon sink on anthropogenic climate warming in China, the United States, Russia and Canada Y. Cui et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11442-021-1878-0
- Emission budgets and pathways consistent with limiting warming to 1.5 °C R. Millar et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo3031
- The Role of Isotope‐Enabled GCM Complexity in Simulating Tropical Circulation Changes in High‐CO2 Scenarios J. Hu et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020MS002163
- Russian climate studies in 2011–2014 I. Mokhov https://doi.org/10.1134/S0001433817050097
- The global pyrogenic carbon cycle and its impact on the level of atmospheric CO2 over past and future centuries J. Landry & H. Matthews https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13603
- Long-Term Climate Change Commitment and Reversibility: An EMIC Intercomparison K. Zickfeld et al. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00584.1
- The climate response to five trillion tonnes of carbon K. Tokarska et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate3036
- On the Origin of the Surface Air Temperature Difference between the Hemispheres in Earth's Present-Day Climate G. Feulner et al. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00636.1
- Hierarchy of calibrated global models reveals improved distributions and fluxes of biogeochemical tracers in models with explicit representation of iron W. Yao et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab4c52
- Model‐Based Assessment of the CO2 Sequestration Potential of Coastal Ocean Alkalinization E. Feng et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017EF000659
- Indications for a North Atlantic ocean circulation regime shift at the onset of the Little Ice Age C. Schleussner et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-015-2561-x
- Climate simulations of Neoproterozoic snowball Earth events: Similar critical carbon dioxide levels for the Sturtian and Marinoan glaciations G. Feulner & H. Kienert https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2014.08.001
- Mechanisms of millennial-scale atmospheric CO2 change in numerical model simulations J. Gottschalk et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.05.013
- Land carbon sequestration within the conterminous United States: Regional‐ and state‐level analyses X. Lu et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JG002818
- Carbon Export Buffering and CO2 Drawdown by Flexible Phytoplankton C:N:P Under Glacial Conditions K. Matsumoto et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019PA003823
- Earth System Model of the Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Acadeny of Sciences: Structure and Major Results A. Eliseev et al. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0001433825700069
- Understanding the causes and consequences of past marine carbon cycling variability through models D. Hülse et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2017.06.004
- Impacts of sea spray geoengineering on ocean biogeochemistry A. Partanen et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL070111
- The impact of ICE‐6G ice sheet topography in the oceanic carbonate system N. Leonardo et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.8236
- Contribution of different external forcings to the terrestrial carbon cycle variability in extratropical Eurasia in the last millennium K. Savina & A. Eliseev https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/606/1/012052
- Simulation Study on the Effect of Elevated CO2 on Regional Temperature Change on the Loess Plateau Z. Shi et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15102607
- Hysteresis of the Earth system under positive and negative CO2 emissions A. Jeltsch-Thömmes et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abc4af
- Macroeconomic impact of stranded fossil fuel assets J. Mercure et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0182-1
- In and out of glacial extremes by way of dust−climate feedbacks G. Shaffer & F. Lambert https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1708174115
- Irreversible ocean thermal expansion under carbon dioxide removal D. Ehlert & K. Zickfeld https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-9-197-2018
- Integrated economic and climate projections for impact assessment S. Paltsev et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-013-0892-3
- Optimality-based non-Redfield plankton–ecosystem model (OPEM v1.1) in UVic-ESCM 2.9 – Part 1: Implementation and model behaviour M. Pahlow et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-4663-2020
- Effect of terrestrial nutrient limitation on the estimation of the remaining carbon budget M. De Sisto & A. MacDougall https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4853-2024
- Using a multi-layer snow model for transient paleo-studies: surface mass balance evolution during the Last Interglacial T. Hoang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-27-2025
- Systematic Correlation Matrix Evaluation (SCoMaE) – a bottom–up, science-led approach to identifying indicators N. Mengis et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-9-15-2018
- Semi-equilibrated global sea-level change projections for the next 10 000 years J. Van Breedam et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-11-953-2020
- Description and Evaluation of the MIT Earth System Model (MESM) A. Sokolov et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018MS001277
- Changes in atmospheric CO2 concentration over the past two millennia: contribution of climate variability, land-use and Southern Ocean dynamics H. Goosse et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-021-06078-z
- How parameter specification of an Earth system model of intermediate complexity influences its climate simulations Y. Shi et al. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-019-0294-x
- Asymmetry in the climate–carbon cycle response to positive and negative CO2 emissions K. Zickfeld et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-021-01061-2
- The Carbon Dioxide Removal Model Intercomparison Project (CDRMIP): rationale and experimental protocol for CMIP6 D. Keller et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-1133-2018
- Carbon dioxide removal via macroalgae open-ocean mariculture and sinking: an Earth system modeling study J. Wu et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-14-185-2023
- Different mechanisms of silicic acid leakage and their biogeochemical consequences K. Matsumoto et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2013PA002588
- Non-deforestation fire vs. fossil fuel combustion: the source of CO2 emissions affects the global carbon cycle and climate responses J. Landry & H. Matthews https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-2137-2016
- Agreement of CMIP5 Simulated and Observed Ocean Anthropogenic CO2 Uptake B. Bronselaer et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL074435
- Hierarchy of the Models of the Earth Climate System A. Eliseev https://doi.org/10.1007/s11141-025-10391-6
- Studies of Climate Change with Statistical-Dynamical Models: A Review S. Franchito & V. Rao https://doi.org/10.4236/ajcc.2015.41006
- Carbon cycle and climate effects of forcing from fire-emitted aerosols J. Landry et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa51de
- The effectiveness of agricultural carbon dioxide removal using the University of Victoria Earth System Climate Model R. Evans & H. Matthews https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-1969-2025
- Potential climate engineering effectiveness and side effects during a high carbon dioxide-emission scenario D. Keller et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms4304
- N and P constrain C in ecosystems under climate change: Role of nutrient redistribution, accumulation, and stoichiometry E. Rastetter et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2684
- Impact of climate changes over the extratropical land on permafrost dynamics under RCP scenarios in the 21st century as simulated by the IAP RAS climate model M. Arzhanov et al. https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068373913070030
- Centuries of thermal sea-level rise due to anthropogenic emissions of short-lived greenhouse gases K. Zickfeld et al. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1612066114
- An integrated assessment modeling framework for uncertainty studies in global and regional climate change: the MIT IGSM-CAM (version 1.0) E. Monier et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-2063-2013
- A cloud feedback emulator (CFE, version 1.0) for an intermediate complexity model D. Ullman & A. Schmittner https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-945-2017
- An improved land biosphere module for use in the DCESS Earth system model (version 1.1) with application to the last glacial termination R. Eichinger et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-3481-2017
- Contribution of anthropogenic CO2 in China to global radiative forcing and its offset by the ecosystem during 2000–2015 N. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.14505
- Assessing the lifetime of anthropogenic CO2 and its sensitivity to different carbon cycle processes C. Kaufhold et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-2767-2025
- Simulated Future Trends in Marine Nitrogen Fixation Are Sensitive to Model Iron Implementation W. Yao et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GB006851
- Natural Sinks and Sources of CO2 and CH4 in the Atmosphere of Russian Regions and Their Contribution to Climate Change in the 21st Century Evaluated with the CMIP6 Model Ensemble S. Denisov et al. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0001433824700142
- A modified impulse-response representation of the global near-surface air temperature and atmospheric concentration response to carbon dioxide emissions R. Millar et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-7213-2017
- Modeling the climate and carbon systems to estimate the social cost of carbon T. Thompson https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.532
- A review of and perspectives on global change modeling for Northern Eurasia E. Monier et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa7aae
- Response of ocean acidification to atmospheric carbon dioxide removal J. Jiang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2023.04.029
- Impact of plastic pollution on atmospheric carbon dioxide N. Gurgacz et al. https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2023-0061
- Climate engineering–induced changes in correlations between Earth system variables—implications for appropriate indicator selection N. Mengis et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-019-02389-7
- Simple numerical tests for ocean tidal models L. Šachl et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11200-019-0348-y
- Shifts in regional production as a driver of future global ocean production stoichiometry K. Matsumoto & T. Tanioka https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abc4b0
- A Gaussian process emulator for simulating ice sheet–climate interactions on a multi-million-year timescale: CLISEMv1.0 J. Van Breedam et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-6373-2021
- Non-CO2 forcing changes will likely decrease the remaining carbon budget for 1.5 °C N. Mengis & H. Matthews https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-020-0123-3
- Integrated Assessment of Carbon Dioxide Removal W. Rickels et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017EF000724
- Model of Early Diagenesis in the Upper Sediment with Adaptable complexity – MEDUSA (v. 2): a time-dependent biogeochemical sediment module for Earth system models, process analysis and teaching G. Munhoven https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-3603-2021
- Marine carbon sink dominated by biological pump after temperature overshoot W. Koeve et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-024-01541-y
- Extending the relationship between global warming and cumulative carbon emissions to multi-millennial timescales T. Frölicher & D. Paynter https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/7/075002
- The role of the North Atlantic overturning and deep ocean for multi-decadal global-mean-temperature variability C. Schleussner et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-5-103-2014
- Climate model emulation in an integrated assessment framework: a case study for mitigation policies in the electricity sector A. Foley et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-7-119-2016
- Assessing the implications of human land-use change for the transient climate response to cumulative carbon emissions C. Simmons & H. Matthews https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/11/3/035001
- Quantifying land carbon cycle feedbacks under negative CO2 emissions V. Chimuka et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2283-2023
- State‐Dependence of the Climate Sensitivity in Earth System Models of Intermediate Complexity P. Pfister & T. Stocker https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL075457
- Presentation, calibration and testing of the DCESS II Earth system model of intermediate complexity (version 1.0) E. Fernández Villanueva & G. Shaffer https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-2161-2025
- Separating internal and externally forced contributions to global temperature variability using a Bayesian stochastic energy balance framework M. Schillinger et al. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0106123
- Influence of solar forcing on multidecadal variability in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) A. Ye et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2023.1165386
- Factors controlling the last interglacial climate as simulated by LOVECLIM1.3 M. Loutre et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1541-2014
- ChAP 1.0: a stationary tropospheric sulfur cycle for Earth system models of intermediate complexity A. Eliseev et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-7725-2021
- An Improved Version of the Atmospheric Sulfur Cycle Scheme for Earth System Models of Intermediate Complexity A. Nyrov et al. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0001433825700781
- Ocean phosphorus inventory: large uncertainties in future projections on millennial timescales and their consequences for ocean deoxygenation T. Kemena et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-10-539-2019
- National-Scale Economic Valuation of Forest Ecosystem Services in Pakistan Using Sentinel-2 Data E. Filippelli et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/land15020308
- The software architecture of climate models: a graphical comparison of CMIP5 and EMICAR5 configurations K. Alexander & S. Easterbrook https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-1221-2015
- Lead–lag relationships between global mean temperature and the atmospheric CO 2 content in dependence of the type and time scale of the forcing K. Muryshev et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2016.11.005
- Impact of negative and positive CO2 emissions on global warming metrics using an ensemble of Earth system model simulations N. Vakilifard et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4249-2022
- Polar wander leads to large differences in past climate reconstructions J. Leonard et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02485-w
- The utility of the historical record for assessing the transient climate response to cumulative emissions R. Millar & P. Friedlingstein https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2016.0449
- Albedo and heat transport in 3-D model simulations of the early Archean climate H. Kienert et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-1841-2013
- Uncertainty in the response of transpiration to CO 2 and implications for climate change N. Mengis et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/9/094001
- Long-term response of oceans to CO2 removal from the atmosphere S. Mathesius et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2729
- What Are Carbon Cycle Models? S. Turner & P. Vervoort https://doi.org/10.2138/gselements.22.1.9
- An ensemble approach to simulate CO2 emissions from natural fires A. Eliseev et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-3205-2014
- A review of the major drivers of the terrestrial carbon uptake: model-based assessments, consensus, and uncertainties T. Tharammal et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab3012
- Simulated climate effects of desert irrigation geoengineering W. Cheng et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep46443
- Temperature and precipitation trend analysis using the CMIP6 model in the Upper East region of Ghana G. Arfasa et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/27669645.2023.2290966
- Evaluation of the University of Victoria Earth System Climate Model version 2.10 (UVic ESCM 2.10) N. Mengis et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-4183-2020
- On the effect of orbital forcing on mid-Pliocene climate, vegetation and ice sheets M. Willeit et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-1749-2013
- Climate System Responses to a Common Emission Budget of Carbon Dioxide D. Tian et al. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0213.1
- Irreversibility of Marine Climate Change Impacts Under Carbon Dioxide Removal X. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL088507
- 1.5 °C carbon budget dependent on carbon cycle uncertainty and future non-CO2 forcing N. Mengis et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-24241-1
- MESMO 3: Flexible phytoplankton stoichiometry and refractory dissolved organic matter K. Matsumoto et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-2265-2021
- Could artificial ocean alkalinization protect tropical coral ecosystems from ocean acidification? E. Feng (冯玉铭) et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/11/7/074008
- Marine N2O Emissions From Nitrification and Denitrification Constrained by Modern Observations and Projected in Multimillennial Global Warming Simulations G. Battaglia & F. Joos https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GB005671
- Holocene temperature evolution in the Northern Hemisphere high latitudes – Model-data comparisons Y. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.07.018
- Implementation of methane cycling for deep-time global warming simulations with the DCESS Earth system model (version 1.2) G. Shaffer et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-4081-2017
- Could Artificial Downwelling/Upwelling Mitigate Oceanic Deoxygenation in Western Subarctic North Pacific? C. Xiao et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.651510
- Global impact of benthic denitrification on marine N2 fixation and primary production simulated by a variable-stoichiometry Earth system model N. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4361-2024
145 citations as recorded by crossref.
- On the proportionality between global temperature change and cumulative CO 2 emissions during periods of net negative CO 2 emissions K. Zickfeld et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/11/5/055006
- Scheme for calculation of multi-layer cloudiness and precipitation for climate models of intermediate complexity A. Eliseev et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-1745-2013
- Natural sinks and sources of CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> in the atmosphere of Russian regions and their contribution to climate change in the 21st century evaluated with CMIP6 model ensemble S. Denisov et al. https://doi.org/10.31857/S0002351524020039
- The Transient Response to Cumulative CO2 Emissions: a Review A. MacDougall https://doi.org/10.1007/s40641-015-0030-6
- Revisiting ocean carbon sequestration by direct injection: a global carbon budget perspective F. Reith et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-7-797-2016
- Comparative Assessment of Climate Engineering Scenarios in the Presence of Parametric Uncertainty G. Tran et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019MS001787
- A volcanically triggered regime shift in the subpolar North Atlantic Ocean as a possible origin of the Little Ice Age C. Schleussner & G. Feulner https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-1321-2013
- Environmental impact assessment for climate change policy with the simulation-based integrated assessment model E3ME-FTT-GENIE J. Mercure et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2018.03.003
- Path Independence of Carbon Budgets When Meeting a Stringent Global Mean Temperature Target After an Overshoot K. Tokarska et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019EF001312
- A simple carbon cycle representation for economic and policy analyses M. Glotter et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-014-1224-y
- The Bern Simple Climate Model (BernSCM) v1.0: an extensible and fully documented open-source re-implementation of the Bern reduced-form model for global carbon cycle–climate simulations K. Strassmann & F. Joos https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-1887-2018
- The realized warming fraction: a multi-model sensitivity study P. Pfister & T. Stocker https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaebae
- The Earth system model CLIMBER-X v1.0 – Part 1: Climate model description and validation M. Willeit et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-5905-2022
- Model Estimates for Contribution of Natural and Anthropogenic CO2 and CH4 Emissions into the Atmosphere from the Territory of Russia, China, Canada, and the USA to Global Climate Change in the 21st Century S. Denisov et al. https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068373922100028
- Formation of most of our coal brought Earth close to global glaciation G. Feulner https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1712062114
- Probabilistic projections of 21st century climate change over Northern Eurasia E. Monier et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/4/045008
- Simulated CO2-induced ocean acidification for ocean in the East China: historical conditions since preindustrial time and future scenarios H. Zhang & K. Wang https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-54861-0
- Enhanced weathering strategies for stabilizing climate and averting ocean acidification L. Taylor et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2882
- Investigating Mesozoic Climate Trends and Sensitivities With a Large Ensemble of Climate Model Simulations J. Landwehrs et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020PA004134
- Influence of sulfur compounds on the terrestrial carbon cycle A. Eliseev https://doi.org/10.1134/S0001433815060067
- Modeling in Earth system science up to and beyond IPCC AR5 T. Hajima et al. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-014-0029-y
- The impact of aerosol emissions on the 1.5 °C pathways A. Hienola et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aab1b2
- A Simple Carbon Cycle Representation for Economic and Policy Analyses M. Glotter et al. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2331074
- Wind-driven changes in the ocean carbon sink N. Swart et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6107-2014
- Assessing climate impacts and risks of ocean albedo modification in the Arctic N. Mengis et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JC011433
- Relationship between physical and biogeochemical parameters and the scenario dependence of the transient climate response to cumulative carbon emissions K. Tachiiri https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-020-00392-6
- Biogeochemical versus biogeophysical temperature effects of historical land-use change in CMIP6 A. Amali et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-16-803-2025
- A dynamic marine iron cycle module coupled to the University of Victoria Earth System Model: the Kiel Marine Biogeochemical Model 2 for UVic 2.9 L. Nickelsen et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-1357-2015
- Centennial-Scale Temperature Change in Last Millennium Simulations and Proxy-Based Reconstructions F. Ljungqvist et al. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0525.1
- On the Sensitivity of the Devonian Climate to Continental Configuration, Vegetation Cover, Orbital Configuration, CO 2 Concentration, and Insolation J. Brugger et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019PA003562
- Optimality-based non-Redfield plankton–ecosystem model (OPEM v1.1) in UVic-ESCM 2.9 – Part 2: Sensitivity analysis and model calibration C. Chien et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-4691-2020
- The impact of salinity perturbations on the future uptake of heat by the Atlantic Ocean R. Smith et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GL062169
- Southern Ocean biological impacts on global ocean oxygen D. Keller et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL069630
- Northern Eurasia Future Initiative (NEFI): facing the challenges and pathways of global change in the twenty-first century P. Groisman et al. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-017-0154-5
- Climate and health implications of future aerosol emission scenarios A. Partanen et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaa511
- Accounting for the climate benefit of temporary carbon storage in nature H. Matthews et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-41242-5
- Millennium time-scale experiments on climate-carbon cycle with doubled CO2 concentration T. Hajima et al. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-020-00350-2
- Deep time evidence for climate sensitivity increase with warming G. Shaffer et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL069243
- Carbon neutrality and mitigating contribution of terrestrial carbon sink on anthropogenic climate warming in China, the United States, Russia and Canada Y. Cui et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11442-021-1878-0
- Emission budgets and pathways consistent with limiting warming to 1.5 °C R. Millar et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo3031
- The Role of Isotope‐Enabled GCM Complexity in Simulating Tropical Circulation Changes in High‐CO2 Scenarios J. Hu et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020MS002163
- Russian climate studies in 2011–2014 I. Mokhov https://doi.org/10.1134/S0001433817050097
- The global pyrogenic carbon cycle and its impact on the level of atmospheric CO2 over past and future centuries J. Landry & H. Matthews https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13603
- Long-Term Climate Change Commitment and Reversibility: An EMIC Intercomparison K. Zickfeld et al. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00584.1
- The climate response to five trillion tonnes of carbon K. Tokarska et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate3036
- On the Origin of the Surface Air Temperature Difference between the Hemispheres in Earth's Present-Day Climate G. Feulner et al. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00636.1
- Hierarchy of calibrated global models reveals improved distributions and fluxes of biogeochemical tracers in models with explicit representation of iron W. Yao et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab4c52
- Model‐Based Assessment of the CO2 Sequestration Potential of Coastal Ocean Alkalinization E. Feng et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017EF000659
- Indications for a North Atlantic ocean circulation regime shift at the onset of the Little Ice Age C. Schleussner et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-015-2561-x
- Climate simulations of Neoproterozoic snowball Earth events: Similar critical carbon dioxide levels for the Sturtian and Marinoan glaciations G. Feulner & H. Kienert https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2014.08.001
- Mechanisms of millennial-scale atmospheric CO2 change in numerical model simulations J. Gottschalk et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.05.013
- Land carbon sequestration within the conterminous United States: Regional‐ and state‐level analyses X. Lu et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JG002818
- Carbon Export Buffering and CO2 Drawdown by Flexible Phytoplankton C:N:P Under Glacial Conditions K. Matsumoto et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019PA003823
- Earth System Model of the Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Acadeny of Sciences: Structure and Major Results A. Eliseev et al. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0001433825700069
- Understanding the causes and consequences of past marine carbon cycling variability through models D. Hülse et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2017.06.004
- Impacts of sea spray geoengineering on ocean biogeochemistry A. Partanen et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL070111
- The impact of ICE‐6G ice sheet topography in the oceanic carbonate system N. Leonardo et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.8236
- Contribution of different external forcings to the terrestrial carbon cycle variability in extratropical Eurasia in the last millennium K. Savina & A. Eliseev https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/606/1/012052
- Simulation Study on the Effect of Elevated CO2 on Regional Temperature Change on the Loess Plateau Z. Shi et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15102607
- Hysteresis of the Earth system under positive and negative CO2 emissions A. Jeltsch-Thömmes et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abc4af
- Macroeconomic impact of stranded fossil fuel assets J. Mercure et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0182-1
- In and out of glacial extremes by way of dust−climate feedbacks G. Shaffer & F. Lambert https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1708174115
- Irreversible ocean thermal expansion under carbon dioxide removal D. Ehlert & K. Zickfeld https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-9-197-2018
- Integrated economic and climate projections for impact assessment S. Paltsev et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-013-0892-3
- Optimality-based non-Redfield plankton–ecosystem model (OPEM v1.1) in UVic-ESCM 2.9 – Part 1: Implementation and model behaviour M. Pahlow et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-4663-2020
- Effect of terrestrial nutrient limitation on the estimation of the remaining carbon budget M. De Sisto & A. MacDougall https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4853-2024
- Using a multi-layer snow model for transient paleo-studies: surface mass balance evolution during the Last Interglacial T. Hoang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-27-2025
- Systematic Correlation Matrix Evaluation (SCoMaE) – a bottom–up, science-led approach to identifying indicators N. Mengis et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-9-15-2018
- Semi-equilibrated global sea-level change projections for the next 10 000 years J. Van Breedam et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-11-953-2020
- Description and Evaluation of the MIT Earth System Model (MESM) A. Sokolov et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018MS001277
- Changes in atmospheric CO2 concentration over the past two millennia: contribution of climate variability, land-use and Southern Ocean dynamics H. Goosse et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-021-06078-z
- How parameter specification of an Earth system model of intermediate complexity influences its climate simulations Y. Shi et al. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-019-0294-x
- Asymmetry in the climate–carbon cycle response to positive and negative CO2 emissions K. Zickfeld et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-021-01061-2
- The Carbon Dioxide Removal Model Intercomparison Project (CDRMIP): rationale and experimental protocol for CMIP6 D. Keller et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-1133-2018
- Carbon dioxide removal via macroalgae open-ocean mariculture and sinking: an Earth system modeling study J. Wu et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-14-185-2023
- Different mechanisms of silicic acid leakage and their biogeochemical consequences K. Matsumoto et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2013PA002588
- Non-deforestation fire vs. fossil fuel combustion: the source of CO2 emissions affects the global carbon cycle and climate responses J. Landry & H. Matthews https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-2137-2016
- Agreement of CMIP5 Simulated and Observed Ocean Anthropogenic CO2 Uptake B. Bronselaer et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL074435
- Hierarchy of the Models of the Earth Climate System A. Eliseev https://doi.org/10.1007/s11141-025-10391-6
- Studies of Climate Change with Statistical-Dynamical Models: A Review S. Franchito & V. Rao https://doi.org/10.4236/ajcc.2015.41006
- Carbon cycle and climate effects of forcing from fire-emitted aerosols J. Landry et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa51de
- The effectiveness of agricultural carbon dioxide removal using the University of Victoria Earth System Climate Model R. Evans & H. Matthews https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-1969-2025
- Potential climate engineering effectiveness and side effects during a high carbon dioxide-emission scenario D. Keller et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms4304
- N and P constrain C in ecosystems under climate change: Role of nutrient redistribution, accumulation, and stoichiometry E. Rastetter et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2684
- Impact of climate changes over the extratropical land on permafrost dynamics under RCP scenarios in the 21st century as simulated by the IAP RAS climate model M. Arzhanov et al. https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068373913070030
- Centuries of thermal sea-level rise due to anthropogenic emissions of short-lived greenhouse gases K. Zickfeld et al. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1612066114
- An integrated assessment modeling framework for uncertainty studies in global and regional climate change: the MIT IGSM-CAM (version 1.0) E. Monier et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-2063-2013
- A cloud feedback emulator (CFE, version 1.0) for an intermediate complexity model D. Ullman & A. Schmittner https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-945-2017
- An improved land biosphere module for use in the DCESS Earth system model (version 1.1) with application to the last glacial termination R. Eichinger et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-3481-2017
- Contribution of anthropogenic CO2 in China to global radiative forcing and its offset by the ecosystem during 2000–2015 N. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.14505
- Assessing the lifetime of anthropogenic CO2 and its sensitivity to different carbon cycle processes C. Kaufhold et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-2767-2025
- Simulated Future Trends in Marine Nitrogen Fixation Are Sensitive to Model Iron Implementation W. Yao et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GB006851
- Natural Sinks and Sources of CO2 and CH4 in the Atmosphere of Russian Regions and Their Contribution to Climate Change in the 21st Century Evaluated with the CMIP6 Model Ensemble S. Denisov et al. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0001433824700142
- A modified impulse-response representation of the global near-surface air temperature and atmospheric concentration response to carbon dioxide emissions R. Millar et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-7213-2017
- Modeling the climate and carbon systems to estimate the social cost of carbon T. Thompson https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.532
- A review of and perspectives on global change modeling for Northern Eurasia E. Monier et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa7aae
- Response of ocean acidification to atmospheric carbon dioxide removal J. Jiang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2023.04.029
- Impact of plastic pollution on atmospheric carbon dioxide N. Gurgacz et al. https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2023-0061
- Climate engineering–induced changes in correlations between Earth system variables—implications for appropriate indicator selection N. Mengis et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-019-02389-7
- Simple numerical tests for ocean tidal models L. Šachl et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11200-019-0348-y
- Shifts in regional production as a driver of future global ocean production stoichiometry K. Matsumoto & T. Tanioka https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abc4b0
- A Gaussian process emulator for simulating ice sheet–climate interactions on a multi-million-year timescale: CLISEMv1.0 J. Van Breedam et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-6373-2021
- Non-CO2 forcing changes will likely decrease the remaining carbon budget for 1.5 °C N. Mengis & H. Matthews https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-020-0123-3
- Integrated Assessment of Carbon Dioxide Removal W. Rickels et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017EF000724
- Model of Early Diagenesis in the Upper Sediment with Adaptable complexity – MEDUSA (v. 2): a time-dependent biogeochemical sediment module for Earth system models, process analysis and teaching G. Munhoven https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-3603-2021
- Marine carbon sink dominated by biological pump after temperature overshoot W. Koeve et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-024-01541-y
- Extending the relationship between global warming and cumulative carbon emissions to multi-millennial timescales T. Frölicher & D. Paynter https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/7/075002
- The role of the North Atlantic overturning and deep ocean for multi-decadal global-mean-temperature variability C. Schleussner et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-5-103-2014
- Climate model emulation in an integrated assessment framework: a case study for mitigation policies in the electricity sector A. Foley et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-7-119-2016
- Assessing the implications of human land-use change for the transient climate response to cumulative carbon emissions C. Simmons & H. Matthews https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/11/3/035001
- Quantifying land carbon cycle feedbacks under negative CO2 emissions V. Chimuka et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2283-2023
- State‐Dependence of the Climate Sensitivity in Earth System Models of Intermediate Complexity P. Pfister & T. Stocker https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL075457
- Presentation, calibration and testing of the DCESS II Earth system model of intermediate complexity (version 1.0) E. Fernández Villanueva & G. Shaffer https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-2161-2025
- Separating internal and externally forced contributions to global temperature variability using a Bayesian stochastic energy balance framework M. Schillinger et al. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0106123
- Influence of solar forcing on multidecadal variability in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) A. Ye et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2023.1165386
- Factors controlling the last interglacial climate as simulated by LOVECLIM1.3 M. Loutre et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1541-2014
- ChAP 1.0: a stationary tropospheric sulfur cycle for Earth system models of intermediate complexity A. Eliseev et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-7725-2021
- An Improved Version of the Atmospheric Sulfur Cycle Scheme for Earth System Models of Intermediate Complexity A. Nyrov et al. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0001433825700781
- Ocean phosphorus inventory: large uncertainties in future projections on millennial timescales and their consequences for ocean deoxygenation T. Kemena et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-10-539-2019
- National-Scale Economic Valuation of Forest Ecosystem Services in Pakistan Using Sentinel-2 Data E. Filippelli et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/land15020308
- The software architecture of climate models: a graphical comparison of CMIP5 and EMICAR5 configurations K. Alexander & S. Easterbrook https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-1221-2015
- Lead–lag relationships between global mean temperature and the atmospheric CO 2 content in dependence of the type and time scale of the forcing K. Muryshev et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2016.11.005
- Impact of negative and positive CO2 emissions on global warming metrics using an ensemble of Earth system model simulations N. Vakilifard et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4249-2022
- Polar wander leads to large differences in past climate reconstructions J. Leonard et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02485-w
- The utility of the historical record for assessing the transient climate response to cumulative emissions R. Millar & P. Friedlingstein https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2016.0449
- Albedo and heat transport in 3-D model simulations of the early Archean climate H. Kienert et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-1841-2013
- Uncertainty in the response of transpiration to CO 2 and implications for climate change N. Mengis et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/9/094001
- Long-term response of oceans to CO2 removal from the atmosphere S. Mathesius et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2729
- What Are Carbon Cycle Models? S. Turner & P. Vervoort https://doi.org/10.2138/gselements.22.1.9
- An ensemble approach to simulate CO2 emissions from natural fires A. Eliseev et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-3205-2014
- A review of the major drivers of the terrestrial carbon uptake: model-based assessments, consensus, and uncertainties T. Tharammal et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab3012
- Simulated climate effects of desert irrigation geoengineering W. Cheng et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep46443
- Temperature and precipitation trend analysis using the CMIP6 model in the Upper East region of Ghana G. Arfasa et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/27669645.2023.2290966
- Evaluation of the University of Victoria Earth System Climate Model version 2.10 (UVic ESCM 2.10) N. Mengis et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-4183-2020
- On the effect of orbital forcing on mid-Pliocene climate, vegetation and ice sheets M. Willeit et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-1749-2013
- Climate System Responses to a Common Emission Budget of Carbon Dioxide D. Tian et al. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0213.1
- Irreversibility of Marine Climate Change Impacts Under Carbon Dioxide Removal X. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL088507
- 1.5 °C carbon budget dependent on carbon cycle uncertainty and future non-CO2 forcing N. Mengis et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-24241-1
- MESMO 3: Flexible phytoplankton stoichiometry and refractory dissolved organic matter K. Matsumoto et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-2265-2021
- Could artificial ocean alkalinization protect tropical coral ecosystems from ocean acidification? E. Feng (冯玉铭) et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/11/7/074008
- Marine N2O Emissions From Nitrification and Denitrification Constrained by Modern Observations and Projected in Multimillennial Global Warming Simulations G. Battaglia & F. Joos https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GB005671
- Holocene temperature evolution in the Northern Hemisphere high latitudes – Model-data comparisons Y. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.07.018
- Implementation of methane cycling for deep-time global warming simulations with the DCESS Earth system model (version 1.2) G. Shaffer et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-4081-2017
- Could Artificial Downwelling/Upwelling Mitigate Oceanic Deoxygenation in Western Subarctic North Pacific? C. Xiao et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.651510
- Global impact of benthic denitrification on marine N2 fixation and primary production simulated by a variable-stoichiometry Earth system model N. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4361-2024
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 26 Jul 2026
Special issue