Constraining the temperature history of the past millennium using early instrumental observations

Brohan, P.; Allan, R.; Freeman, E.; Wheeler, D.; Wilkinson, C.; Williamson, F.

doi:10.5194/cp-8-1551-2012

Articles | Volume 8, issue 5

https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-8-1551-2012

© Author(s) 2012. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-8-1551-2012

© Author(s) 2012. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Articles | Volume 8, issue 5

Research article

|

11 Oct 2012

Research article |

| 11 Oct 2012

Constraining the temperature history of the past millennium using early instrumental observations

P. Brohan, R. Allan, E. Freeman, D. Wheeler, C. Wilkinson, and F. Williamson

Viewed

Total article views: 10,423 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)

HTML	PDF	XML	Total	BibTeX	EndNote
5,635	4,373	415	10,423	293	271

HTML: 5,635
PDF: 4,373
XML: 415
Total: 10,423
BibTeX: 293
EndNote: 271

Views and downloads (calculated since 01 Feb 2013, article published on 04 May 2012)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Feb 2013	48	28	4	80
Mar 2013	40	43	4	87
Apr 2013	57	32	4	93
May 2013	38	56	6	100
Jun 2013	14	25	4	43
Jul 2013	28	27	0	55
Aug 2013	19	24	3	46
Sep 2013	37	50	4	91
Oct 2013	44	47	2	93
Nov 2013	24	26	4	54
Dec 2013	20	32	7	59
Jan 2014	18	35	5	58
Feb 2014	40	34	10	84
Mar 2014	40	39	9	88
Apr 2014	22	27	2	51
May 2014	22	36	2	60
Jun 2014	13	26	2	41
Jul 2014	59	42	2	103
Aug 2014	23	64	1	88
Sep 2014	13	37	0	50
Oct 2014	156	41	7	204
Nov 2014	33	48	4	85
Dec 2014	23	43	11	77
Jan 2015	36	32	1	69
Feb 2015	13	21	4	38
Mar 2015	28	26	0	54
Apr 2015	52	23	2	77
May 2015	26	27	2	55
Jun 2015	36	18	1	55
Jul 2015	40	19	4	63
Aug 2015	61	13	3	77
Sep 2015	64	22	0	86
Oct 2015	42	18	4	64
Nov 2015	30	17	3	50
Dec 2015	13	38	0	51
Jan 2016	31	62	1	94
Feb 2016	27	48	2	77
Mar 2016	26	49	1	76
Apr 2016	20	33	1	54
May 2016	21	32	2	55
Jun 2016	13	20	0	33
Jul 2016	16	7	4	27
Aug 2016	25	5	0	30
Sep 2016	23	1	0	24
Oct 2016	33	10	0	43
Nov 2016	24	7	1	32
Dec 2016	7	9	0	16
Jan 2017	30	11	3	44
Feb 2017	22	10	1	33
Mar 2017	22	23	0	45
Apr 2017	47	20	2	69
May 2017	49	14	0	63
Jun 2017	24	12	0	36
Jul 2017	19	12	4	35
Aug 2017	57	9	0	66
Sep 2017	19	14	3	36
Oct 2017	17	9	5	31
Nov 2017	13	12	1	26
Dec 2017	19	24	2	45
Jan 2018	30	24	8	62
Feb 2018	31	10	6	47
Mar 2018	18	11	1	30
Apr 2018	26	16	4	46
May 2018	26	14	1	41
Jun 2018	17	8	2	27
Jul 2018	26	21	0	47
Aug 2018	29	9	1	39
Sep 2018	18	12	1	31
Oct 2018	31	27	6	64
Nov 2018	28	28	2	58
Dec 2018	19	16	2	37
Jan 2019	13	12	1	26
Feb 2019	19	16	0	35
Mar 2019	18	17	3	38
Apr 2019	20	11	2	33
May 2019	15	5	0	20
Jun 2019	17	14	1	32
Jul 2019	21	9	0	30
Aug 2019	15	11	0	26
Sep 2019	19	10	0	29
Oct 2019	17	8	4	29
Nov 2019	23	8	0	31
Dec 2019	17	18	1	36
Jan 2020	34	11	2	47
Feb 2020	14	7	0	21
Mar 2020	14	14	0	28
Apr 2020	15	7	1	23
May 2020	23	11	0	34
Jun 2020	22	12	1	35
Jul 2020	54	41	38	133
Aug 2020	37	20	6	63
Sep 2020	73	19	1	93
Oct 2020	64	29	2	95
Nov 2020	63	19	4	86
Dec 2020	66	21	2	89
Jan 2021	64	16	8	88
Feb 2021	62	27	1	90
Mar 2021	47	11	0	58
Apr 2021	58	16	2	76
May 2021	68	16	3	87
Jun 2021	40	13	3	56
Jul 2021	36	32	7	75
Aug 2021	62	23	3	88
Sep 2021	57	28	4	89
Oct 2021	59	48	1	108
Nov 2021	58	31	5	94
Dec 2021	36	19	1	56
Jan 2022	39	30	4	73
Feb 2022	53	12	5	70
Mar 2022	87	19	0	106
Apr 2022	91	20	1	112
May 2022	76	40	0	116
Jun 2022	42	15	2	59
Jul 2022	72	14	0	86
Aug 2022	50	10	2	62
Sep 2022	23	10	2	35
Oct 2022	57	16	2	75
Nov 2022	53	15	1	69
Dec 2022	63	13	3	79
Jan 2023	62	21	2	85
Feb 2023	48	17	0	65
Mar 2023	45	19	0	64
Apr 2023	32	32	0	64
May 2023	19	25	1	45
Jun 2023	26	28	0	54
Jul 2023	28	112	0	140
Aug 2023	30	146	2	178
Sep 2023	24	115	4	143
Oct 2023	23	130	2	155
Nov 2023	15	79	3	97
Dec 2023	42	93	6	141
Jan 2024	28	87	1	116
Feb 2024	26	64	2	92
Mar 2024	43	53	3	99
Apr 2024	68	38	14	120
May 2024	30	42	7	79
Jun 2024	46	63	5	114
Jul 2024	34	51	7	92
Aug 2024	90	49	5	144
Sep 2024	54	42	3	99
Oct 2024	33	34	0	67
Nov 2024	21	9	0	30
Dec 2024	65	37	4	106
Jan 2025	27	15	3	45
Feb 2025	35	11	2	48
Mar 2025	23	26	5	54
Apr 2025	42	16	1	59
May 2025	40	22	1	63
Jun 2025	46	19	1	66
Jul 2025	45	41	2	88
Aug 2025	60	62	5	127
Sep 2025	35	32	1	68
Oct 2025	55	55	4	114
Nov 2025	63	53	2	118
Dec 2025	11	6	0	17

Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 01 Feb 2013, article published on 04 May 2012)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Feb 2013	48	28	4	80
Mar 2013	40	43	4	87
Apr 2013	57	32	4	93
May 2013	38	56	6	100
Jun 2013	14	25	4	43
Jul 2013	28	27	0	55
Aug 2013	19	24	3	46
Sep 2013	37	50	4	91
Oct 2013	44	47	2	93
Nov 2013	24	26	4	54
Dec 2013	20	32	7	59
Jan 2014	18	35	5	58
Feb 2014	40	34	10	84
Mar 2014	40	39	9	88
Apr 2014	22	27	2	51
May 2014	22	36	2	60
Jun 2014	13	26	2	41
Jul 2014	59	42	2	103
Aug 2014	23	64	1	88
Sep 2014	13	37	0	50
Oct 2014	156	41	7	204
Nov 2014	33	48	4	85
Dec 2014	23	43	11	77
Jan 2015	36	32	1	69
Feb 2015	13	21	4	38
Mar 2015	28	26	0	54
Apr 2015	52	23	2	77
May 2015	26	27	2	55
Jun 2015	36	18	1	55
Jul 2015	40	19	4	63
Aug 2015	61	13	3	77
Sep 2015	64	22	0	86
Oct 2015	42	18	4	64
Nov 2015	30	17	3	50
Dec 2015	13	38	0	51
Jan 2016	31	62	1	94
Feb 2016	27	48	2	77
Mar 2016	26	49	1	76
Apr 2016	20	33	1	54
May 2016	21	32	2	55
Jun 2016	13	20	0	33
Jul 2016	16	7	4	27
Aug 2016	25	5	0	30
Sep 2016	23	1	0	24
Oct 2016	33	10	0	43
Nov 2016	24	7	1	32
Dec 2016	7	9	0	16
Jan 2017	30	11	3	44
Feb 2017	22	10	1	33
Mar 2017	22	23	0	45
Apr 2017	47	20	2	69
May 2017	49	14	0	63
Jun 2017	24	12	0	36
Jul 2017	19	12	4	35
Aug 2017	57	9	0	66
Sep 2017	19	14	3	36
Oct 2017	17	9	5	31
Nov 2017	13	12	1	26
Dec 2017	19	24	2	45
Jan 2018	30	24	8	62
Feb 2018	31	10	6	47
Mar 2018	18	11	1	30
Apr 2018	26	16	4	46
May 2018	26	14	1	41
Jun 2018	17	8	2	27
Jul 2018	26	21	0	47
Aug 2018	29	9	1	39
Sep 2018	18	12	1	31
Oct 2018	31	27	6	64
Nov 2018	28	28	2	58
Dec 2018	19	16	2	37
Jan 2019	13	12	1	26
Feb 2019	19	16	0	35
Mar 2019	18	17	3	38
Apr 2019	20	11	2	33
May 2019	15	5	0	20
Jun 2019	17	14	1	32
Jul 2019	21	9	0	30
Aug 2019	15	11	0	26
Sep 2019	19	10	0	29
Oct 2019	17	8	4	29
Nov 2019	23	8	0	31
Dec 2019	17	18	1	36
Jan 2020	34	11	2	47
Feb 2020	14	7	0	21
Mar 2020	14	14	0	28
Apr 2020	15	7	1	23
May 2020	23	11	0	34
Jun 2020	22	12	1	35
Jul 2020	54	41	38	133
Aug 2020	37	20	6	63
Sep 2020	73	19	1	93
Oct 2020	64	29	2	95
Nov 2020	63	19	4	86
Dec 2020	66	21	2	89
Jan 2021	64	16	8	88
Feb 2021	62	27	1	90
Mar 2021	47	11	0	58
Apr 2021	58	16	2	76
May 2021	68	16	3	87
Jun 2021	40	13	3	56
Jul 2021	36	32	7	75
Aug 2021	62	23	3	88
Sep 2021	57	28	4	89
Oct 2021	59	48	1	108
Nov 2021	58	31	5	94
Dec 2021	36	19	1	56
Jan 2022	39	30	4	73
Feb 2022	53	12	5	70
Mar 2022	87	19	0	106
Apr 2022	91	20	1	112
May 2022	76	40	0	116
Jun 2022	42	15	2	59
Jul 2022	72	14	0	86
Aug 2022	50	10	2	62
Sep 2022	23	10	2	35
Oct 2022	57	16	2	75
Nov 2022	53	15	1	69
Dec 2022	63	13	3	79
Jan 2023	62	21	2	85
Feb 2023	48	17	0	65
Mar 2023	45	19	0	64
Apr 2023	32	32	0	64
May 2023	19	25	1	45
Jun 2023	26	28	0	54
Jul 2023	28	112	0	140
Aug 2023	30	146	2	178
Sep 2023	24	115	4	143
Oct 2023	23	130	2	155
Nov 2023	15	79	3	97
Dec 2023	42	93	6	141
Jan 2024	28	87	1	116
Feb 2024	26	64	2	92
Mar 2024	43	53	3	99
Apr 2024	68	38	14	120
May 2024	30	42	7	79
Jun 2024	46	63	5	114
Jul 2024	34	51	7	92
Aug 2024	90	49	5	144
Sep 2024	54	42	3	99
Oct 2024	33	34	0	67
Nov 2024	21	9	0	30
Dec 2024	65	37	4	106
Jan 2025	27	15	3	45
Feb 2025	35	11	2	48
Mar 2025	23	26	5	54
Apr 2025	42	16	1	59
May 2025	40	22	1	63
Jun 2025	46	19	1	66
Jul 2025	45	41	2	88
Aug 2025	60	62	5	127
Sep 2025	35	32	1	68
Oct 2025	55	55	4	114
Nov 2025	63	53	2	118
Dec 2025	11	6	0	17

Latest update: 06 Dec 2025