Climate of the Past
Climate of the Past
CP
Articles | Volume 21, issue 7
Articles | Volume 21, issue 7
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-1143-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-1143-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 21, issue 7
Research article
 | 
08 Jul 2025
Research article |  | 08 Jul 2025

Newly dated permafrost deposits and their paleoecological inventory reveal an Eemian much warmer than today in Arctic Siberia

Lutz Schirrmeister, Margret C. Fuchs, Thomas Opel, Andrei Andreev, Frank Kienast, Andrea Schneider, Larisa Nazarova, Larisa Frolova, Svetlana Kuzmina, Tatiana Kuznetsova, Vladimir Tumskoy, Heidrun Matthes, Gerrit Lohmann, Guido Grosse, Viktor Kunitsky, Hanno Meyer, Heike H. Zimmermann, Ulrike Herzschuh, Thomas Böhmer, Stuart Umbo, Sevi Modestou, Sebastian F. M. Breitenbach, Anfisa Pismeniuk, Georg Schwamborn, Stephanie Kusch, and Sebastian Wetterich

Supplement

https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-1143-2025-supplement

Data sets

Pollen records from Bol'shoy Lyakhovsky Island, Siberia A. A. Andreev et al. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.736069

Pollen record of profile L11 A. A. Andreev et al. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.736068

Plant macrofossil records from permafrost deposits of the Bol'shoy Lyakhovsky Island (New Siberian Archipelago) F. Kienast and L. Schirrmeister https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.882619

GDGT data in Siberian permafrost deposits S. Kusch https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.934054

Sedimentological, biogeochemical and geochronological data from permafrost exposures of the Bol'shoy Lyakhovsky Island (Expedition 1999), site R23+40 L. Schirrmeister et al. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.880949

Sedimentological, biogeochemical and geochronological data from permafrost exposures of the Bol'shoy Lyakhovsky Island (Expedition 1999), site L14 L. Schirrmeister et al. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.880937

Sedimentological, biogeochemical and geochronological data from permafrost exposures of the Bol'shoy Lyakhovsky Island (Expedition 1999), site R22+60 L. Schirrmeister et al. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.880948

Sedimentological, biogeochemical and geochronological data from permafrost exposures of the Bol'shoy Lyakhovsky Island (Expedition 1999), site L11+40 L. Schirrmeister et al. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.880935

Sedimentological, biogeochemical and geochronological data from permafrost exposures of the Bol'shoy Lyakhovsky Island (Expedition 1999), site L13+80 L. Schirrmeister et al. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.880936

Lithology, color and structural description of sediment profile L7-11, Appendix 6.1 L. Schirrmeister https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.727667

Documentation of ice wedge L7-11 L. Schirrmeister https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.727710

Lithology, color and structural description of sediment profile L7-16, Appendix 6.1 L. Schirrmeister https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.727671

Documentation of ice wedge L7-16 L. Schirrmeister https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.727714

Lithology, color and structural description of sediment profile L7-14, Appendix 6.1 L. Schirrmeister https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.727669

Documentation of ice wedge L7-14 L. Schirrmeister https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.727712

Lithology, color and structural description of sediment profile L7-08, Appendix 6.1 L. Schirrmeister https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.727666

Documentation of ice wedge Oy7-01 L. Schirrmeister https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.727717

Lithology, color and structural description of sediment profile Oy7-01, Appendix 6.1 L. Schirrmeister https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.727673

Documentation of ice wedge Oy7-07 L. Schirrmeister https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.727725

Documentation of ice wedge Oy7-07 L. Schirrmeister https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.727676

Documentation of ice wedge Oy7-08 L. Schirrmeister https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.727734

Lithology, color and structural description of sediment profile Oy7-08-A/B, Appendix 6.1 L. Schirrmeister https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.727677

Geochemical, lithological, and geochronological characteristics of sediment samples from thermokarst deposits in Siberia and Alaska 1998-2016 J. Strauss et al. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.919062

Geochemistry and physical properties of permafrost core L14-04 G. Schwamborn and S. Wetterich https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.868983

Characteristics of samples obtained during the expedition to Bol'shoy Lyakhovsky Island in July/August 2014 G. Schwamborn and S. Wetterich https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.859265

Sample list and field descriptions of the L14 profiles studied in summer 2014 G. Schwamborn and S. Wetterich https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.859305

Pollen profile of sediment hand-pieces L14-04B H. H. Zimmermann et al. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.878885

Pollen profile of sediment hand-pieces L14-04C H. H. Zimmermann et al. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.878886

Pollen profile of sediment core L14-04 H. H. Zimmermann et al. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.878884

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Short summary
Geochronological, cryolithological, paleoecological, and modeling data reconstruct the Last Interglacial (LIG) climate around the New Siberian Islands and reveal significantly warmer conditions compared to today. The critical challenges in predicting future ecosystem responses lie in the fact that the land–ocean distribution during the LIG was markedly different from today, affecting the degree of continentality, which played a major role in modulating climate and ecosystem dynamics.
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