Articles | Volume 20, issue 9
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-2103-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-2103-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
23 Sep 2024
Research article |
| 23 Sep 2024
| 23 Sep 2024
Distinct seasonal changes and precession forcing of surface and subsurface temperatures in the mid-latitudinal North Atlantic during the onset of the Late Pliocene
Xiaolei Pang
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Institute of Ocean Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
Antje H. L. Voelker
Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, Divisão de Geologia e Georecursos Marinhos, Av. Doutor Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho 6, 1495-165 Alges, Portugal
Centro de Ciências do Mar do Algarve (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Edf. 7, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
Sihua Lu
State Joint Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
Xuan Ding
School of Ocean Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
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EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-6413, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-6413, 2026
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
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Ozone and the hydroxyl radical both oxidise monoterpenes emitted by vegetation, but their shares in the vapours that go on to form aerosol are hard to separate outdoors because the two oxidants rise and fall together. A month of continuous measurements at a coastal site in eastern China, analysed with an interpretable machine learning method, shows that ozone dominates and that its influence appears mainly above about 62 ppb of ozone.
Honbing Edmond Duong, Heather L. Ford, Yong Sun, Julia Tindall, Alan Haywood, Taylor Deneau, Clay Tabor, Ran Feng, Natalie Burls, Sze Ling Ho, Erin L. McClymont, Sarah Greene, Pam Vervoort, Jordan T. Abell, Montserrat Alonso-Garcia, Pallavi Anand, Melissa Berke, Anya Crocker, Friso de Graaf, Stijn De Schepper, Cyrus Karas, Kate Littler, Benjamin Petrick, Amila Sandaruwan Ratnayake, Bjørg Risebrobakken, George E. A. Swann, Christian Stepanek, Deborah Tangunan, Kaustubh Thirumalai, and Antje H. L. Voelker
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This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Climate of the Past (CP).
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Deep circulation in the Atlantic helps regulate climate by moving heat and carbon around the globe. Using fossil evidence from a warm period 3 million years ago, this study found that North Atlantic Deep Water was more widespread than climate models suggest. Disagreements between the fossil data and climate models highlight uncertainties in the fossil data and climate models and how the deep ocean responds to warming, limiting predictions of future deep ocean changes.
Gilles Reverdin, Claire Waelbroeck, Lola Goeme, Antje H. L. Voelker, and Hans Christian Steen-Larsen
Ocean Sci., 22, 3225–3243, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-22-3225-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-22-3225-2026, 2026
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The distributions of water isotopic properties (δ18O, δ2H, deuterium excess) as a function of salinity are studied in the surface Atlantic Ocean and southwest Indian Ocean using the CISE-LOCEAN database. Large spatial gradients are found as well as a seasonal variability in the North Atlantic sub-polar gyre and in the equatorial Atlantic. Spatially averaged seasonal cycles are established in these regions, as well as at the BATS (Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study) site (31°50' N, 64°10' W).
Helen K. Coxall, Thomas M. Cronin, Kate Darling, Katrine Husum, Tamara Handl, Brian T. Huber, Megh M. Kanvinde, Mohammad Razmjooei, Flor Vermassen, Antje H. L. Voelker, Tirza M. Weitkamp, and Matt O'Regan
J. Micropalaeontol., 45, 581–622, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-45-581-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-45-581-2026, 2026
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Today’s sea-ice-covered Arctic Ocean hosts only one species of calcifying planktonic foraminifera, unlike warmer oceans with diverse communities. Fossils show that other species once inhabited the Arctic, but their identities and environmental significance remain uncertain. Using detailed microscopy and hundreds of shell measurements, we resolve these fossil species and establish a new taxonomic framework providing the foundation for improved reconstructions of Quaternary Arctic climate history.
Alyssa R. Atwood, Andrea L. Moore, Kristine L. DeLong, Sylvia E. Long, Sara C. Sanchez, Jessica A. Hargreaves, Chandler A. Morris, Raquel E. Pauly, Émilie P. Dassié, Thomas Felis, Antje H. L. Voelker, Sujata A. Murty, and Kim M. Cobb
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 18, 1921–1941, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-1921-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-1921-2026, 2026
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The stable isotopic composition of seawater is a valuable tool for studying the global water cycle in the past, present, and future. However, an active repository dedicated to archiving this type of data has been lacking, and many datasets remain hidden from public view. We have created a new database of observational seawater isotope data that is rich in metadata, publicly accessible, and machine readable to increase its availability and usability for a variety of Earth Science applications.
Giulia Silveira Molina, Gerhard Schmiedl, Francisco Jiménez-Espejo, Henning Kuhnert, Teresa Rodrigues, and Antje Helga Luise Voelker
J. Micropalaeontol., 45, 117–145, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-45-117-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-45-117-2026, 2026
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Benthic foraminifera from sediment cores collected in the Gulf of Cadiz were analysed to track ocean changes between 1014 and 761 kyr ago. Our results reveal shifts in species composition throughout the climate cycles. Oxygen loss occurred in the Mediterranean Outflow Water during warmer periods when solar insolation was intensified and productivity was higher. During cold periods, stronger bottom currents were identified by sand content and the abundance of the species Planulina ariminensis.
Yi Liu, Xin Li, Ying Liu, Shuyu He, Yuqing Qiu, Mengdi Song, Jiarong Ye, Shengrong Lou, Sihua Lu, Limin Zeng, and Yuanhang Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 15819–15834, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-15819-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-15819-2025, 2025
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We developed a method for speciated and quantitative measurement of peroxy radicals formed during the breakdown of aromatic hydrocarbons. These measurements revealed missing reaction pathways in current chemical mechanisms. Our findings help improve predictions of air quality and deepen understanding of chemical processes in the atmosphere.
Liuwei Kong, Xin Li, Yu Wang, Sihua Lu, Ying Liu, Shengrong Lou, Wenxin Zhou, Xinping Yang, Yan Ding, Yi Liu, Mengdi Song, Shuyu He, Kai Wang, Feng Wang, Xiaocen Shi, Jian Wang, Yun Zou, Chaofan Lian, Hefan Liu, Miao Feng, Xiaoya Dou, Limin Zeng, and Yuanhang Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 13311–13326, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-13311-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-13311-2025, 2025
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Our research investigates the volatile organic compounds evaporative emission characteristics of China's typical representative vehicle regulatory standards. The emission factors, chemical composition characteristics and source profiles of volatile organic compounds were determined. The hydroxyl radical total reactivity and compositions of evaporative emissions were quantified, and identified key volatile organic compounds reactive species contributing to atmospheric photochemical processes.
Aline Mega, Teresa Rodrigues, Emília Salgueiro, Mária Padilha, Henning Kuhnert, and Antje H. L. Voelker
Clim. Past, 21, 919–939, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-919-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-919-2025, 2025
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Our research explores climatic changes during the Early–Middle Pleistocene (1006–750 ka) on the southern Portuguese margin. We found that warm, subtropical-gyre-related conditions dominated. However, those conditions were occasionally interrupted by extreme cold events during the glacial periods. Our data show that these cold events, linked to changes in the North Atlantic's circulation, reached as far south as 36° N and significantly impacted marine ecosystems in the surface ocean.
Gilles Reverdin, Claire Waelbroeck, Antje H. L. Voelker, and Hanno Meyer
Ocean Sci., 21, 567–575, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-21-567-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-21-567-2025, 2025
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Water isotopes in the ocean trace the freshwater exchanges between the ocean, the atmosphere, and the cryosphere and are used to investigate processes of the hydrological cycle. We illustrate offsets in seawater isotopic composition between different datasets that are larger than the expected variability that one often wants to explore. This highlights the need to share seawater isotopic composition samples dedicated to specific intercomparison of data produced in different laboratories.
Mengdi Song, Shuyu He, Xin Li, Ying Liu, Shengrong Lou, Sihua Lu, Limin Zeng, and Yuanhang Zhang
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 5113–5127, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-5113-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-5113-2024, 2024
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We introduce detailed and improved quantitation and semi-quantitation methods of iodide-adduct time-of-flight chemical ionization mass spectrometry (I-CIMS) to measure toluene oxidation intermediates. We assess the experimental sensitivity of various functional group species and their binding energy with iodide ions in I-CIMS. A novel classification approach was introduced to significantly enhance the accuracy of semi-quantitative methods (improving R2 values from 0.52 to beyond 0.88).
Kai Song, Rongzhi Tang, Jingshun Zhang, Zichao Wan, Yuan Zhang, Kun Hu, Yuanzheng Gong, Daqi Lv, Sihua Lu, Yu Tan, Ruifeng Zhang, Ang Li, Shuyuan Yan, Shichao Yan, Baoming Fan, Wenfei Zhu, Chak K. Chan, Maosheng Yao, and Song Guo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13585–13595, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13585-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13585-2023, 2023
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Incense burning is common in Asia, posing threats to human health and air quality. However, less is known about its emissions and health risks. Full-volatility organic species from incense-burning smoke are detected and quantified. Intermediate-volatility volatile organic compounds (IVOCs) are crucial organics accounting for 19.2 % of the total emission factors (EFs) and 40.0 % of the secondary organic aerosol (SOA) estimation, highlighting the importance of incorporating IVOCs into SOA models.
Suding Yang, Xin Li, Limin Zeng, Xuena Yu, Ying Liu, Sihua Lu, Xiaofeng Huang, Dongmei Zhang, Haibin Xu, Shuchen Lin, Hefan Liu, Miao Feng, Danlin Song, Qinwen Tan, Jinhui Cui, Lifan Wang, Ying Chen, Wenjie Wang, Haijiong Sun, Mengdi Song, Liuwei Kong, Yi Liu, Linhui Wei, Xianwu Zhu, and Yuanhang Zhang
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 501–512, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-501-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-501-2023, 2023
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Vertical observation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is essential to study the spatial distribution and evolution patterns of VOCs in the planetary boundary layer (PBL). This paper describes multi-channel whole-air sampling equipment onboard an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for near-continuous VOC vertical observation. Vertical profiles of VOCs and trace gases during the evolution of the PBL in south-western China have been successfully obtained by deploying the newly developed UAV system.
Kai Song, Song Guo, Yuanzheng Gong, Daqi Lv, Yuan Zhang, Zichao Wan, Tianyu Li, Wenfei Zhu, Hui Wang, Ying Yu, Rui Tan, Ruizhe Shen, Sihua Lu, Shuangde Li, Yunfa Chen, and Min Hu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 9827–9841, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-9827-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-9827-2022, 2022
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Emissions from four typical Chinese domestic cooking and fried chicken using four kinds of oils were investigated to illustrate the impact of cooking style and oil. Of the estimated SOA, 10.2 %–32.0 % could be explained by S/IVOC oxidation. Multiway principal component analysis (MPCA) emphasizes the importance of the unsaturated fatty acid-alkadienal volatile product mechanism (oil autoxidation) accelerated by the cooking and heating procedure.
Gilles Reverdin, Claire Waelbroeck, Catherine Pierre, Camille Akhoudas, Giovanni Aloisi, Marion Benetti, Bernard Bourlès, Magnus Danielsen, Jérôme Demange, Denis Diverrès, Jean-Claude Gascard, Marie-Noëlle Houssais, Hervé Le Goff, Pascale Lherminier, Claire Lo Monaco, Herlé Mercier, Nicolas Metzl, Simon Morisset, Aïcha Naamar, Thierry Reynaud, Jean-Baptiste Sallée, Virginie Thierry, Susan E. Hartman, Edward W. Mawji, Solveig Olafsdottir, Torsten Kanzow, Anton Velo, Antje Voelker, Igor Yashayaev, F. Alexander Haumann, Melanie J. Leng, Carol Arrowsmith, and Michael Meredith
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 2721–2735, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-2721-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-2721-2022, 2022
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The CISE-LOCEAN seawater stable isotope dataset has close to 8000 data entries. The δ18O and δD isotopic data measured at LOCEAN have uncertainties of at most 0.05 ‰ and 0.25 ‰, respectively. Some data were adjusted to correct for evaporation. The internal consistency indicates that the data can be used to investigate time and space variability to within 0.03 ‰ and 0.15 ‰ in δ18O–δD17; comparisons with data analyzed in other institutions suggest larger differences with other datasets.
Yuanzheng Gong, Kai Song, Song Guo, Daqi Lv, Yuan Zhang, Zichao Wan, Wenfei Zhu, Hui Wang, Ying Yu, Rui Tan, Ruizhe Shen, Sihua Lu, Shuangde Li, and Yunfa Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2022-326, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2022-326, 2022
Preprint withdrawn
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Herein we applied thermal desorption comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (TD-GCxGC-MS) for synchronous analysis of gaseous and particulate organics emitted from cooking fumes. With a systematic 4-step qualitative procedure and precise quantitative and semi-quantitative method, 170 and 352 compounds from C2 (acetic acids) – C30 (squalene) occupying 95 % and 90 % of the total ion current for gaseous and particulate samples were identified and quantified.
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Short summary
Our research discovered significant seasonal temperature variations in the North Atlantic's mid-latitudes during the early Late Pliocene. This highlights the necessity of using multiple methods to get a full picture of past climates, thus avoiding a biased understanding of the climate system. Moreover, our study reveals that the precession signal, which previously dominated surface temperature records, disappeared with the increased influence of the ice sheets in the Northern Hemisphere.
Our research discovered significant seasonal temperature variations in the North Atlantic's...
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