Articles | Volume 17, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2139-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2139-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
18 Oct 2021
Research article |
| 18 Oct 2021
| 18 Oct 2021
Simulation of the mid-Pliocene Warm Period using HadGEM3: experimental design and results from model–model and model–data comparison
Charles J. R. Williams
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
NCAS, Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, UK
Alistair A. Sellar
Met Office Hadley Centre, Exeter, UK
School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
Alan M. Haywood
School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
Peter Hopcroft
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
Stephen J. Hunter
School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
William H. G. Roberts
Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle, UK
Robin S. Smith
NCAS, Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, UK
Emma J. Stone
School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
Julia C. Tindall
School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
Daniel J. Lunt
School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
Viewed
Total article views: 4,135 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
| HTML | XML | Total | Supplement | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,967 | 1,075 | 93 | 4,135 | 365 | 91 | 87 |
- HTML: 2,967
- PDF: 1,075
- XML: 93
- Total: 4,135
- Supplement: 365
- BibTeX: 91
- EndNote: 87
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 21 Apr 2021)
Total article views: 2,989 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 18 Oct 2021)
| HTML | XML | Total | Supplement | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,267 | 649 | 73 | 2,989 | 140 | 81 | 81 |
- HTML: 2,267
- PDF: 649
- XML: 73
- Total: 2,989
- Supplement: 140
- BibTeX: 81
- EndNote: 81
Total article views: 1,146 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 21 Apr 2021)
| HTML | XML | Total | Supplement | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 700 | 426 | 20 | 1,146 | 225 | 10 | 6 |
- HTML: 700
- PDF: 426
- XML: 20
- Total: 1,146
- Supplement: 225
- BibTeX: 10
- EndNote: 6
Viewed (geographical distribution)
Total article views: 4,135 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 3,898 with geography defined
and 237 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 2,989 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 2,873 with geography defined
and 116 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 1,146 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 1,025 with geography defined
and 121 with unknown origin.
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|---|---|---|
| United States of America | 1 | 1259 | 30 |
| Germany | 2 | 531 | 12 |
| United Kingdom | 3 | 508 | 12 |
| China | 4 | 329 | 7 |
| France | 5 | 115 | 2 |
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|---|---|---|
| United States of America | 1 | 785 | 26 |
| Germany | 2 | 467 | 15 |
| United Kingdom | 3 | 364 | 12 |
| China | 4 | 277 | 9 |
| France | 5 | 82 | 2 |
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|---|---|---|
| United States of America | 1 | 474 | 41 |
| United Kingdom | 2 | 144 | 12 |
| Germany | 3 | 64 | 5 |
| China | 4 | 52 | 4 |
| Netherlands | 5 | 40 | 3 |
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
- 1259
1
1259
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
- 785
1
785
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
- 474
1
474
Cited
20 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Unraveling the mechanisms and implications of a stronger mid-Pliocene Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) in PlioMIP2 J. Weiffenbach et al. 10.5194/cp-19-61-2023
- The hydrological cycle and ocean circulation of the Maritime Continent in the Pliocene: results from PlioMIP2 X. Ren et al. 10.5194/cp-19-2053-2023
- On the climatic influence of CO2 forcing in the Pliocene L. Burton et al. 10.5194/cp-19-747-2023
- Impacts of Mid‐Pliocene Ice Sheets and Vegetation on Afro‐Asian Summer Monsoon Rainfall Revealed by EC‐Earth Simulations Z. Han et al. 10.1029/2023GL106145
- Modeling the mid-piacenzian warm climate using the water isotope-enabled Community Earth System Model (iCESM1.2-ITPCAS) Y. Sun et al. 10.1007/s00382-024-07304-0
- The warm winter paradox in the Pliocene northern high latitudes J. Tindall et al. 10.5194/cp-18-1385-2022
- Modelling current and future potential distribution of medicinal orchids in Darjeeling eastern Himalaya D. Boral & S. Moktan 10.1007/s11258-023-01392-4
- Southern African precipitation changes in a warmer world: insights from the PlioMIP2 mid-Pliocene warm period (∼3.3–3.0 Ma) ensemble S. Roffe et al. 10.1080/0035919X.2024.2410945
- The changes in south Asian summer monsoon circulation during the mid-Piacenzian warm period Z. Han & G. Li 10.1007/s00382-024-07179-1
- African Hydroclimate During the Early Eocene From the DeepMIP Simulations C. Williams et al. 10.1029/2022PA004419
- Oligocene to Pleistocene mudwhelks (Gastropoda: Potamididae, Batillariidae) of the Eurasian Paratethys Sea – Diversity, origins and mangroves M. Harzhauser et al. 10.1016/j.palaeo.2023.111811
- Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Phase 3 (PlioMIP3) – Science plan and experimental design A. Haywood et al. 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2023.104316
- Highly stratified mid-Pliocene Southern Ocean in PlioMIP2 J. Weiffenbach et al. 10.5194/cp-20-1067-2024
- Current and future distribution of Eucalyptus globulus under changing climate in Ethiopia: implications for forest management G. Mosisa et al. 10.1186/s40068-024-00332-z
- Decomposition of physical processes controlling EASM precipitation changes during the mid-Piacenzian: new insights into data–model integration Y. Sun et al. 10.1038/s41612-024-00668-4
- Reduced El Niño variability in the mid-Pliocene according to the PlioMIP2 ensemble A. Oldeman et al. 10.5194/cp-17-2427-2021
- Similar North Pacific variability despite suppressed El Niño variability in the warm mid-Pliocene climate A. Oldeman et al. 10.5194/esd-15-1037-2024
- Evaluating the large-scale hydrological cycle response within the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2 (PlioMIP2) ensemble Z. Han et al. 10.5194/cp-17-2537-2021
- Past terrestrial hydroclimate sensitivity controlled by Earth system feedbacks R. Feng et al. 10.1038/s41467-022-28814-7
- Mid-Pliocene West African Monsoon rainfall as simulated in the PlioMIP2 ensemble E. Berntell et al. 10.5194/cp-17-1777-2021
19 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Unraveling the mechanisms and implications of a stronger mid-Pliocene Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) in PlioMIP2 J. Weiffenbach et al. 10.5194/cp-19-61-2023
- The hydrological cycle and ocean circulation of the Maritime Continent in the Pliocene: results from PlioMIP2 X. Ren et al. 10.5194/cp-19-2053-2023
- On the climatic influence of CO2 forcing in the Pliocene L. Burton et al. 10.5194/cp-19-747-2023
- Impacts of Mid‐Pliocene Ice Sheets and Vegetation on Afro‐Asian Summer Monsoon Rainfall Revealed by EC‐Earth Simulations Z. Han et al. 10.1029/2023GL106145
- Modeling the mid-piacenzian warm climate using the water isotope-enabled Community Earth System Model (iCESM1.2-ITPCAS) Y. Sun et al. 10.1007/s00382-024-07304-0
- The warm winter paradox in the Pliocene northern high latitudes J. Tindall et al. 10.5194/cp-18-1385-2022
- Modelling current and future potential distribution of medicinal orchids in Darjeeling eastern Himalaya D. Boral & S. Moktan 10.1007/s11258-023-01392-4
- Southern African precipitation changes in a warmer world: insights from the PlioMIP2 mid-Pliocene warm period (∼3.3–3.0 Ma) ensemble S. Roffe et al. 10.1080/0035919X.2024.2410945
- The changes in south Asian summer monsoon circulation during the mid-Piacenzian warm period Z. Han & G. Li 10.1007/s00382-024-07179-1
- African Hydroclimate During the Early Eocene From the DeepMIP Simulations C. Williams et al. 10.1029/2022PA004419
- Oligocene to Pleistocene mudwhelks (Gastropoda: Potamididae, Batillariidae) of the Eurasian Paratethys Sea – Diversity, origins and mangroves M. Harzhauser et al. 10.1016/j.palaeo.2023.111811
- Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Phase 3 (PlioMIP3) – Science plan and experimental design A. Haywood et al. 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2023.104316
- Highly stratified mid-Pliocene Southern Ocean in PlioMIP2 J. Weiffenbach et al. 10.5194/cp-20-1067-2024
- Current and future distribution of Eucalyptus globulus under changing climate in Ethiopia: implications for forest management G. Mosisa et al. 10.1186/s40068-024-00332-z
- Decomposition of physical processes controlling EASM precipitation changes during the mid-Piacenzian: new insights into data–model integration Y. Sun et al. 10.1038/s41612-024-00668-4
- Reduced El Niño variability in the mid-Pliocene according to the PlioMIP2 ensemble A. Oldeman et al. 10.5194/cp-17-2427-2021
- Similar North Pacific variability despite suppressed El Niño variability in the warm mid-Pliocene climate A. Oldeman et al. 10.5194/esd-15-1037-2024
- Evaluating the large-scale hydrological cycle response within the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2 (PlioMIP2) ensemble Z. Han et al. 10.5194/cp-17-2537-2021
- Past terrestrial hydroclimate sensitivity controlled by Earth system feedbacks R. Feng et al. 10.1038/s41467-022-28814-7
1 citations as recorded by crossref.
Latest update: 30 Mar 2025
Short summary
Computer simulations of the geological past are an important tool to improve our understanding of climate change. We present results from a simulation of the mid-Pliocene (approximately 3 million years ago) using the latest version of the UK’s climate model. The simulation reproduces temperatures as expected and shows some improvement relative to previous versions of the same model. The simulation is, however, arguably too warm when compared to other models and available observations.
Computer simulations of the geological past are an important tool to improve our understanding...
