Articles | Volume 17, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-171-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-171-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
15 Jan 2021
Research article |
| 15 Jan 2021
| 15 Jan 2021
Sequential changes in ocean circulation and biological export productivity during the last glacial–interglacial cycle: a model–data study
Cameron M. O'Neill
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
Andrew McC. Hogg
Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
Michael J. Ellwood
Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
Bradley N. Opdyke
Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
Stephen M. Eggins
Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
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Related subject area
Subject: Carbon Cycle | Archive: Modelling only | Timescale: Pleistocene
Sediment fluxes dominate glacial–interglacial changes in ocean carbon inventory: results from factorial simulations over the past 780 000 years
Assessing transient changes in the ocean carbon cycle during the last deglaciation through carbon isotope modeling
Marine carbon cycle response to a warmer Southern Ocean: the case of the last interglacial
Local oceanic CO2 outgassing triggered by terrestrial carbon fluxes during deglacial flooding
Coupled climate–carbon cycle simulation of the Last Glacial Maximum atmospheric CO2 decrease using a large ensemble of modern plausible parameter sets
Long-term deglacial permafrost carbon dynamics in MPI-ESM
The simulated climate of the Last Glacial Maximum and insights into the global marine carbon cycle
Quantifying the ocean's role in glacial CO2 reductions
A multi-variable box model approach to the soft tissue carbon pump
Markus Adloff, Aurich Jeltsch-Thömmes, Frerk Pöppelmeier, Thomas F. Stocker, and Fortunat Joos
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We simulated how different processes affected the carbon cycle over the last eight glacial cycles. We found that the effects of interactive marine sediments enlarge the carbon fluxes that result from these processes, especially in the ocean, and alter various proxy signals. We provide an assessment of the directions of regional and global proxy changes that might be expected in response to different glacial–interglacial Earth system changes in the presence of interactive marine sediments.
Hidetaka Kobayashi, Akira Oka, Takashi Obase, and Ayako Abe-Ouchi
Clim. Past, 20, 769–787, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-769-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-769-2024, 2024
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This study examines the transient response of the ocean carbon cycle to climate change since the last ice age by using an ocean general circulation model. Our carbon cycle model calculates atmospheric pCO2 changes that are consistent with ice core records but whose magnitude is underestimated. Our analysis of carbon isotopes suggests that improving the expression of activated ocean ventilation and suppressing biological productivity are critical in simulating atmospheric pCO2 changes.
Dipayan Choudhury, Laurie Menviel, Katrin J. Meissner, Nicholas K. H. Yeung, Matthew Chamberlain, and Tilo Ziehn
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We investigate the effects of a warmer climate from the Earth's paleoclimate (last interglacial) on the marine carbon cycle of the Southern Ocean using a carbon-cycle-enabled state-of-the-art climate model. We find a 150 % increase in CO2 outgassing during this period, which results from competition between higher sea surface temperatures and weaker oceanic circulation. From this we unequivocally infer that the carbon uptake by the Southern Ocean will reduce under a future warming scenario.
Thomas Extier, Katharina D. Six, Bo Liu, Hanna Paulsen, and Tatiana Ilyina
Clim. Past, 18, 273–292, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-273-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-273-2022, 2022
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The role of land–sea fluxes during deglacial flooding in ocean biogeochemistry and CO2 exchange remains poorly constrained due to the lack of climate models that consider such fluxes. We implement the terrestrial organic matter fluxes into the ocean at a transiently changing land–sea interface in MPI-ESM and investigate their effect during the last deglaciation. Most of the terrestrial carbon goes to the ocean during flooding events of Meltwater Pulse 1a, which leads to regional CO2 outgassing.
Krista M. S. Kemppinen, Philip B. Holden, Neil R. Edwards, Andy Ridgwell, and Andrew D. Friend
Clim. Past, 15, 1039–1062, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-1039-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-1039-2019, 2019
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We simulate the Last Glacial Maximum atmospheric CO2 decrease with a large ensemble of parameter sets to investigate the range of possible physical and biogeochemical Earth system changes accompanying the CO2 decrease. Amongst the dominant ensemble changes is an increase in terrestrial carbon, which we attribute to a slower soil respiration rate, and the preservation of carbon by the LGM ice sheets. Further investigation into the role of terrestrial carbon is warranted.
Thomas Schneider von Deimling, Thomas Kleinen, Gustaf Hugelius, Christian Knoblauch, Christian Beer, and Victor Brovkin
Clim. Past, 14, 2011–2036, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-2011-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-2011-2018, 2018
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Past cold ice age temperatures and the subsequent warming towards the Holocene had large consequences for soil organic carbon (SOC) stored in perennially frozen grounds. Using an Earth system model we show how the spread in areas affected by permafrost have changed under deglacial warming, along with changes in SOC accumulation. Our model simulations suggest phases of circum-Arctic permafrost SOC gain and losses, with a net increase in SOC between the last glacial maximum and the pre-industrial.
Pearse J. Buchanan, Richard J. Matear, Andrew Lenton, Steven J. Phipps, Zanna Chase, and David M. Etheridge
Clim. Past, 12, 2271–2295, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-2271-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-2271-2016, 2016
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We quantify the contributions of physical and biogeochemical changes in the ocean to enhancing ocean carbon storage at the Last Glacial Maximum. We find that simulated circulation and surface conditions cannot explain changes in carbon storage or other major biogeochemical fields that existed during the glacial climate. Key modifications to the functioning of the biological pump are therefore required to explain the glacial climate and improve model–proxy agreement for all fields.
M. O. Chikamoto, A. Abe-Ouchi, A. Oka, R. Ohgaito, and A. Timmermann
Clim. Past, 8, 545–563, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-8-545-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-8-545-2012, 2012
A. M. de Boer, A. J. Watson, N. R. Edwards, and K. I. C. Oliver
Clim. Past, 6, 827–841, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-6-827-2010, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-6-827-2010, 2010
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Short summary
We undertake a model–data study of the last glacial–interglacial cycle of atmospheric CO2, spanning 0–130 ka. We apply a carbon cycle box model, constrained with glacial–interglacial observations, and solve for optimal model parameter values against atmospheric and ocean proxy data. The results indicate that the last glacial drawdown in atmospheric CO2 was delivered mainly by slowing ocean circulation, lower sea surface temperatures and also increased Southern Ocean biological productivity.
We undertake a model–data study of the last glacial–interglacial cycle of atmospheric CO2,...
