Articles | Volume 13, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-135-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-135-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
16 Feb 2017
Research article |
| 16 Feb 2017
Changes to the tropical circulation in the mid-Pliocene and their implications for future climate
Shawn Corvec
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
Christopher G. Fletcher
Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
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Cited
19 citations as recorded by crossref.
- On the climatic influence of CO2 forcing in the Pliocene L. Burton et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-747-2023
- Regional meridional cells governing the interannual variability of the Hadley circulation in boreal winter Y. Sun et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-018-4263-7
- Tropical circulation shifts and regional climate impacts: Comparing mid-Piacenzian warmth and future warming (SSP2–4.5) K. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104941
- Modelling the mid-Pliocene warm period using HadGEM2 J. Tindall & A. Haywood https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2019.103110
- Revisiting the physical processes controlling the tropical atmospheric circulation changes during the Mid-Piacenzian Warm Period K. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2024.01.001
- The hydrological cycle and ocean circulation of the Maritime Continent in the Pliocene: results from PlioMIP2 X. Ren et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-2053-2023
- Southern African precipitation changes in a warmer world: insights from the PlioMIP2 mid-Pliocene warm period (∼3.3–3.0 Ma) ensemble S. Roffe et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/0035919X.2024.2410945
- Quantifying East Asian Summer Monsoon Dynamics in the ECP4.5 Scenario With Reference to the Mid‐Piacenzian Warm Period Y. Sun et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL080061
- An assessment of the Pliocene as an analogue for our warmer future L. Burton et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104860
- Mid-Pliocene global land monsoon from PlioMIP1 simulations X. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2018.06.027
- Plio‐Pleistocene Southwest African Hydroclimate Modulated by Benguela and Indian Ocean Temperatures C. Rubbelke et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL103003
- Geological Society of London Scientific Statement: what the geological record tells us about our present and future climate C. Lear et al. https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2020-239
- Mid-Piacenzian and future changes in South Asian precipitation under global warming X. Zhou & C. Liu https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104760
- Antiphase change in Walker Circulation between the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean during the Last Interglacial induced by interbasin sea surface temperature anomaly contrast J. Ma et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-023-07039-4
- The Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2: large-scale climate features and climate sensitivity A. Haywood et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-2095-2020
- Monsoon Responses to Climate Changes—Connecting Past, Present and Future A. Seth et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40641-019-00125-y
- Simulating the mid-Holocene, last interglacial and mid-Pliocene climate with EC-Earth3-LR Q. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-1147-2021
- Mid-Pliocene West African Monsoon rainfall as simulated in the PlioMIP2 ensemble E. Berntell et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-1777-2021
- Evaluating the large-scale hydrological cycle response within the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2 (PlioMIP2) ensemble Z. Han et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2537-2021
19 citations as recorded by crossref.
- On the climatic influence of CO2 forcing in the Pliocene L. Burton et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-747-2023
- Regional meridional cells governing the interannual variability of the Hadley circulation in boreal winter Y. Sun et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-018-4263-7
- Tropical circulation shifts and regional climate impacts: Comparing mid-Piacenzian warmth and future warming (SSP2–4.5) K. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104941
- Modelling the mid-Pliocene warm period using HadGEM2 J. Tindall & A. Haywood https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2019.103110
- Revisiting the physical processes controlling the tropical atmospheric circulation changes during the Mid-Piacenzian Warm Period K. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2024.01.001
- The hydrological cycle and ocean circulation of the Maritime Continent in the Pliocene: results from PlioMIP2 X. Ren et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-2053-2023
- Southern African precipitation changes in a warmer world: insights from the PlioMIP2 mid-Pliocene warm period (∼3.3–3.0 Ma) ensemble S. Roffe et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/0035919X.2024.2410945
- Quantifying East Asian Summer Monsoon Dynamics in the ECP4.5 Scenario With Reference to the Mid‐Piacenzian Warm Period Y. Sun et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL080061
- An assessment of the Pliocene as an analogue for our warmer future L. Burton et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104860
- Mid-Pliocene global land monsoon from PlioMIP1 simulations X. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2018.06.027
- Plio‐Pleistocene Southwest African Hydroclimate Modulated by Benguela and Indian Ocean Temperatures C. Rubbelke et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL103003
- Geological Society of London Scientific Statement: what the geological record tells us about our present and future climate C. Lear et al. https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2020-239
- Mid-Piacenzian and future changes in South Asian precipitation under global warming X. Zhou & C. Liu https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104760
- Antiphase change in Walker Circulation between the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean during the Last Interglacial induced by interbasin sea surface temperature anomaly contrast J. Ma et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-023-07039-4
- The Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2: large-scale climate features and climate sensitivity A. Haywood et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-2095-2020
- Monsoon Responses to Climate Changes—Connecting Past, Present and Future A. Seth et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40641-019-00125-y
- Simulating the mid-Holocene, last interglacial and mid-Pliocene climate with EC-Earth3-LR Q. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-1147-2021
- Mid-Pliocene West African Monsoon rainfall as simulated in the PlioMIP2 ensemble E. Berntell et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-1777-2021
- Evaluating the large-scale hydrological cycle response within the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2 (PlioMIP2) ensemble Z. Han et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2537-2021
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 12 Jun 2026
Short summary
The mid-Pliocene warm period is sometimes thought of as being a climate that could closely resemble the climate in the near-term due to anthropogenic climate change. Here we examine the tropical atmospheric circulation as modeled by PlioMIP (the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project). We find that there are many similarities and some important differences to projections of future climate, with the pattern of sea surface temperature (SST) warming being a key factor in explaining the differences.
The mid-Pliocene warm period is sometimes thought of as being a climate that could closely...
