Articles | Volume 10, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1723-2014
© Author(s) 2014. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1723-2014
© Author(s) 2014. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
17 Sep 2014
Research article |
| 17 Sep 2014
The impacts of deglacial meltwater forcing on the South Atlantic Ocean deep circulation since the Last Glacial Maximum
J. M. Marson
Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
I. Wainer
Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
M. M. Mata
Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
Center for Climatic Research and Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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Lingwei Li, Zhengyu Liu, Jinbo Du, Lingfeng Wan, and Jiuyou Lu
Clim. Past, 20, 1161–1175, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-1161-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-1161-2024, 2024
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Radiocarbon proxies suggest that the deep waters are poorly ventilated during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Here we use two transient simulations with tracers of radiocarbon and ideal age to show that the deep-ocean ventilation age is not much older at the LGM compared to the present day because of the strong glacial Antarctic Bottom Water transport. In contrast, the ventilation age is older during deglaciation mainly due to weakening of Antarctic Bottom Water transport.
Takashi Obase, Laurie Menviel, Ayako Abe-Ouchi, Tristan Vadsaria, Ruza Ivanovic, Brooke Snoll, Sam Sherriff-Tadano, Paul Valdes, Lauren Gregoire, Marie-Luise Kapsch, Uwe Mikolajewicz, Nathaelle Bouttes, Didier Roche, Fanny Lhardy, Chengfei He, Bette Otto-Bliesner, Zhengyu Liu, and Wing-Le Chan
Clim. Past Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2023-86, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2023-86, 2023
Revised manuscript under review for CP
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This study analyses transient simulations of the last deglaciation performed by six climate models to understand the processes driving southern high latitude temperature changes. We find that atmospheric CO2 changes and AMOC changes are the primary drivers of the major warming and cooling during the middle stage of the deglaciation. The multi-model analysis highlights the model’s sensitivity of CO2, AMOC to meltwater, and the meltwater history on temperature changes in southern high latitudes.
Arthur M. Oldeman, Michiel L. J. Baatsen, Anna S. von der Heydt, Henk A. Dijkstra, Julia C. Tindall, Ayako Abe-Ouchi, Alice R. Booth, Esther C. Brady, Wing-Le Chan, Deepak Chandan, Mark A. Chandler, Camille Contoux, Ran Feng, Chuncheng Guo, Alan M. Haywood, Stephen J. Hunter, Youichi Kamae, Qiang Li, Xiangyu Li, Gerrit Lohmann, Daniel J. Lunt, Kerim H. Nisancioglu, Bette L. Otto-Bliesner, W. Richard Peltier, Gabriel M. Pontes, Gilles Ramstein, Linda E. Sohl, Christian Stepanek, Ning Tan, Qiong Zhang, Zhongshi Zhang, Ilana Wainer, and Charles J. R. Williams
Clim. Past, 17, 2427–2450, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2427-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2427-2021, 2021
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In this work, we have studied the behaviour of El Niño events in the mid-Pliocene, a period of around 3 million years ago, using a collection of 17 climate models. It is an interesting period to study, as it saw similar atmospheric carbon dioxide levels to the present day. We find that the El Niño events were less strong in the mid-Pliocene simulations, when compared to pre-industrial climate. Our results could help to interpret El Niño behaviour in future climate projections.
Tiago S. Dotto, Mauricio M. Mata, Rodrigo Kerr, and Carlos A. E. Garcia
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 671–696, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-671-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-671-2021, 2021
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A novel seasonal three-dimensional high-resolution hydrographic gridded data set for the northern Antarctic Peninsula (NAP) based on measurements obtained from 1990–2019 by the ship-based Argo profilers and tagged marine mammals is presented. The main oceanographic features of the NAP are well represented, with the final product having many advantages compared to low-resolution climatologies. In addition, new information on the regional water mass pathways and their characteristics is unveiled.
Fortunat Joos, Renato Spahni, Benjamin D. Stocker, Sebastian Lienert, Jurek Müller, Hubertus Fischer, Jochen Schmitt, I. Colin Prentice, Bette Otto-Bliesner, and Zhengyu Liu
Biogeosciences, 17, 3511–3543, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3511-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3511-2020, 2020
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Results of the first globally resolved simulations of terrestrial carbon and nitrogen (N) cycling and N2O emissions over the past 21 000 years are compared with reconstructed N2O emissions. Modelled and reconstructed emissions increased strongly during past abrupt warming events. This evidence appears consistent with a dynamic response of biological N fixation to increasing N demand by ecosystems, thereby reducing N limitation of plant productivity and supporting a land sink for atmospheric CO2.
Yongyun Hu, Yan Xia, Zhengyu Liu, Yuchen Wang, Zhengyao Lu, and Tao Wang
Clim. Past, 16, 199–209, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-199-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-199-2020, 2020
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The paper shows, using climate simulations, that the Pacific–North American (PNA) teleconnection was distorted or completely broken at the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). The results suggest that ENSO would have little direct impact on North American climates at the LGM.
Lingfeng Wan, Zhengyu Liu, Jian Liu, Weiyi Sun, and Bin Liu
Clim. Past, 15, 1411–1425, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-1411-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-1411-2019, 2019
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The linearity of the climate response is strong on orbital and millennial scales throughout the Holocene but poor on the centennial and decadal scale. The regions of strong linear response on the millennial scale are mostly consistent with the orbital scale, notably western Eurasian, North Africa, the subtropical North Pacific, the tropical Atlantic and the Indian Ocean. This finding can improve our understanding of the regional climate response to various climate forcings.
Chris Brierley and Ilana Wainer
Clim. Past, 14, 1377–1390, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-1377-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-1377-2018, 2018
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Year-to-year changes in rainfall over Africa and South America are influenced by variations in the temperatures of tropical Atlantic variability. Here we investigate how these variations behave under climate change using a series of multi-model experiments. We look at how cold and warm climates of the past relate to future shifts in variability.
Sifan Gu and Zhengyu Liu
Geosci. Model Dev., 10, 4723–4742, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-4723-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-4723-2017, 2017
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Both biotic 231Pa and 230Th and abiotic 231Pa and 230Th have been implemented in the ocean model of CESM. Under present-day climate forcing, our model is able to simulate water column 231Pa and 230Th activity and the sediment 231Pa-to-230Th activity ratio in good agreement with observations. In HOSING experiments, the biotic and abiotic sediment 231Pa-to-230Th activity ratios behave similarly over large areas of low productivity, but can differ substantially in some regions of high productivity.
Yuxin Zhao, Xiong Deng, Shaoqing Zhang, Zhengyu Liu, Chang Liu, Gabriel Vecchi, Guijun Han, and Xinrong Wu
Nonlin. Processes Geophys., 24, 681–694, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-24-681-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-24-681-2017, 2017
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Here with a simple coupled model that simulates typical scale interactions in the climate system, we study the optimal OTWs for the coupled media so that climate signals can be most accurately recovered by CDA. Results show that an optimal OTW determined from the de-correlation timescale provides maximal observational information that best fits the characteristic variability of the coupled medium during the data blending process.
Wilton Aguiar, Mauricio M. Mata, and Rodrigo Kerr
Ocean Sci., 13, 851–872, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-13-851-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-13-851-2017, 2017
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In ocean models, Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) formation is frequently misrepresented. Hence, assessing the causes of spurious formation is important to ensure accurate future simulations. Only one of the state-of-art reanalyses investigated showed AABW formation accurately. Spurious formation in the other two products resulted from opening of open ocean polynyas. The relatively accurate AABW formation in one of the products is an important advance in the simulation of deep ocean circulation.
Sifan Gu, Zhengyu Liu, Alexandra Jahn, Johannes Rempfer, Jiaxu Zhang, and Fortunat Joos
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2017-40, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2017-40, 2017
Revised manuscript not accepted
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This paper is the documentation of the implementation of neodymium (Nd) isotopes in the ocean model of CESM. Our model can simulate both Nd concentration and Nd isotope ratio in good agreement with observations. Our Nd-enabled ocean model makes it possible for direct model-data comparison in paleoceanographic studies, which can help to resolve some uncertainties and controversies in our understanding of past ocean evolution. Therefore, our model provides a useful tool for paleoclimate studies.
Zhengyao Lu, Zhengyu Liu, Guangshan Chen, and Jian Guan
Clim. Past Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2016-128, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2016-128, 2017
Revised manuscript not accepted
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We use complex climate model simulations to study how the intensity of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) changed for the last 300 thousand years. We consider external climatic forcings like orbital variations, greenhouse gases and ice-sheets. We find that orbital forcing dominates slow ENSO evolution by modulating the change of the coupled ocean-atmosphere instability, while the effects of GHGs and ice-sheet forcing tend to compensate each other.
Xinyu Wen, Zhengyu Liu, Zhongxiao Chen, Esther Brady, David Noone, Qingzhao Zhu, and Jian Guan
Clim. Past, 12, 2077–2085, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-2077-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-2077-2016, 2016
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In this paper, we challenge the usefulness of temperature effect and amount effect, the basic assumptions in past climate reconstruction using a stable water isotope proxy, in East Asia on multiple timescales. By modeling several time slices in the past 22 000 years using an isotope-enabled general circulation model, we suggest great caution when interpreting δ18O records in this area as indicators of surface temperature and/or local monsoonal precipitation, especially on a millennial timescale.
G. S. Pilo, M. M. Mata, and J. L. L. Azevedo
Ocean Sci., 11, 629–641, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-11-629-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-11-629-2015, 2015
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Oceanic eddies are closed circulation features that transport water between regions, taking part in the ocean's heat and salt balance. We perform a comparative eddy census in the East Australian, Agulhas and Brazil currents. We find that eddy propagation in all systems is steered by the local mean flow and bathymetry. Also, eddies present a geographic segregation according to size. Investigating eddy propagation helps us to better understand their effect in local mixing.
A. Jahn, K. Lindsay, X. Giraud, N. Gruber, B. L. Otto-Bliesner, Z. Liu, and E. C. Brady
Geosci. Model Dev., 8, 2419–2434, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-2419-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-2419-2015, 2015
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Carbon isotopes have been added to the ocean model of the Community Earth System Model version 1 (CESM1). This paper describes the details of how the abiotic 14C tracer and the biotic 13C and 14C tracers were added to the existing ocean model of the CESM. In addition, it shows the first results of the new model features compared to observational data for the 1990s.
M. Azaneu, R. Kerr, and M. M. Mata
Ocean Sci., 10, 923–946, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-10-923-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-10-923-2014, 2014
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We analyzed the ability of the ECCO2 reanalysis to represent the hydrographic properties and variability of Antarctic Bottom Water in the Southern Ocean. After 2004, the opening of an oceanic polynya in the Weddell Sea sector and consequent intense dense water production leads to an unrealistic scenario. Even before 2004, bottom waters are warmer and less dense than expected, while the absolute volume transport and velocity estimates are underrepresented.
P. X. Wang, B. Wang, H. Cheng, J. Fasullo, Z. T. Guo, T. Kiefer, and Z. Y. Liu
Clim. Past, 10, 2007–2052, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-2007-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-2007-2014, 2014
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All regional monsoons belong to a cohesive global monsoon circulation system, albeit thateach regional subsystem has its own indigenous features. A comprehensive review of global monsoon variability reveals that regional monsoons can vary coherently across a range of timescales, from interannual up to orbital and tectonic. Study of monsoon variability from both global and regional perspectives is imperative and advantageous for integrated understanding of the modern and paleo-monsoon dynamics.
G.-S. Chen, Z. Liu, and J. E. Kutzbach
Clim. Past, 10, 1269–1275, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1269-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1269-2014, 2014
T. S. Dotto, R. Kerr, M. M. Mata, M. Azaneu, I. Wainer, E. Fahrbach, and G. Rohardt
Ocean Sci., 10, 523–546, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-10-523-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-10-523-2014, 2014
G.-J. Han, X.-F. Zhang, S. Zhang, X.-R. Wu, and Z. Liu
Nonlin. Processes Geophys., 21, 357–366, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-21-357-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-21-357-2014, 2014
L. F. Prado, I. Wainer, C. M. Chiessi, M.-P. Ledru, and B. Turcq
Clim. Past, 9, 2117–2133, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-2117-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-2117-2013, 2013
V. Meccia, I. Wainer, M. Tonelli, and E. Curchitser
Geosci. Model Dev., 6, 1209–1219, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-1209-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-1209-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Subject: Ocean Dynamics | Archive: Modelling only | Timescale: Pleistocene
Glacial AMOC shoaling despite vigorous tidal dissipation: vertical stratification matters
The effect of greenhouse gas concentrations and ice sheets on the glacial AMOC in a coupled climate model
Impact of ice sheet meltwater fluxes on the climate evolution at the onset of the Last Interglacial
Yugeng Chen, Pengyang Song, Xianyao Chen, and Gerrit Lohmann
Clim. Past, 20, 2001–2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-2001-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-2001-2024, 2024
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Our study examines the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), a period with higher tidal dissipation. Despite increased tidal mixing, our model simulations show that the AMOC remained relatively shallow, consistent with paleoproxy data and resolving previous inconsistencies between proxy data and model simulations. This research highlights the importance of strong ocean stratification during the LGM and its interaction with tidal mixing.
Marlene Klockmann, Uwe Mikolajewicz, and Jochem Marotzke
Clim. Past, 12, 1829–1846, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-1829-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-1829-2016, 2016
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We study the response of the glacial AMOC to different forcings in a coupled AOGCM. The depth of the upper overturning cell remains almost unchanged in response to the full glacial forcing. This is the result of two opposing effects: a deepening due to the ice sheets and a shoaling due to the low GHG concentrations. Increased brine release in the Southern Ocean is key to the shoaling. With glacial ice sheets, a shallower cell can be simulated with GHG concentrations below the glacial level.
Heiko Goelzer, Philippe Huybrechts, Marie-France Loutre, and Thierry Fichefet
Clim. Past, 12, 1721–1737, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-1721-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-1721-2016, 2016
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We have modelled the climate evolution from 135 to 120 kyr BP with an Earth system model to study the onset of the Last Interglacial warm period. Ice sheet changes and associated freshwater fluxes in both hemispheres constitute an important forcing in the simulations. Freshwater fluxes from the melting Antarctic ice sheet are found to lead to an oceanic cold event in the Southern Ocean as evidenced in some ocean sediment cores, which may be used to constrain the timing of ice sheet retreat.
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